用工业钛液制备纳米偏钛酸的影响因素

以廉价的工业TiOSO4溶液为原料，通过热水解法制备纳米二氧化钛的前驱体偏钛酸（H3TiO4）。研究钛液酸度、钛液浓度、水解时间和水解温度等主要因素对TiOSO4溶液水解率和偏钛酸粒径的影响。采用激光粒径分析仪对偏钛酸粉末粒径厦粒径分布进行检测；采用透射电镜观察偏钛酸的形貌和粒径。研究结果表明：水解条件直接影响偏钛酸的粒径及其分布，其中，钛液酸度的影响最大；水解条件时TiOSO4水解率和偏钛酸粒径的影响存在着最佳结合点，即当c（H^＋）为2．6～2．8mol／L，p（TiOSO4）（接TiO2计）为25～28g／L，水解时间为60min，水解温度为125℃时，TiOSO4的水解率可达95％以上，得到的偏钛酸呈球形且粒径为40nm。     

利用微蚀刻废液制备碱式碳酸铜

介绍了一种双氧水体系微蚀刻废液综合利用的工艺流程,以微蚀刻废液、粗制氧化铜及碳酸钠为原料,经过中和、偏钛酸吸附除铁、混合反应等工序,制备碱式碳酸铜。实验表明:偏钛酸能有效去除微蚀刻废液中的铁杂质,最佳吸附时间为1h,1L废液中偏钛酸的加入量为250g。制备碱式碳酸铜的最佳工艺条件如下:采用反应母液为底液,反应温度为70℃,pH值为8.5,洗涤次数为3次。此工艺能有效综合利用微蚀刻废液,制成的碱式碳酸铜产品符合HG 3-1075—77中规定的化学纯指标要求。     

含钛电炉熔分渣碱熔过程中 Ti元素的选择性富集及MgAl2O4的物相转化规律

以KOH为改性剂,利用渣碱共熔反应对攀钢含钛电炉熔分渣进行改性处理,成功地将炉渣中Ti元素从原来的重钛酸镁选择性地富集到偏钛酸钾中,同时渣中镁铝尖晶石和镁橄榄石转化为易溶于水的铝酸盐和硅酸盐.采用X射线衍射技术研究了共熔反应中煅烧温度、渣碱比(含钛电炉熔分渣的质量与KOH质量之比)、保温时间等对Ti元素迁移富集和镁铝尖晶石转化的影响.当渣碱比为1：2.1、煅烧温度700℃及保温时间1 h时,生成的偏钛酸钾衍射峰达到最强,镁铝尖晶石的衍射峰最弱,有效地实现了Ti元素的选择性富集及镁铝尖晶石的物相转化.实验证实了较高K/Ti比( K2 O与TiO2的摩尔比)是生成偏钛酸钾的主要原因.以最佳碱熔条件下得到的共熔渣为原料,经过后续处理,在850℃的条件下合成了六钛酸钾纳米晶须.     

沉淀法合成钛酸铝陶瓷粉末的研究

用共沉淀法和半醇盐法成功地合成出具有高熔点，低热膨胀系数特性的钛酸铝陶瓷粉末材料，主要研究影响共沉淀产物的主要因素：溶液浓度，ｐＨ值和温度等。并提出合成过程中最佳工艺条件，对合成Ａｌ２ＴｉＯ５初产物做ＤＴＡ热分析实验表明，半醇盐法制备的Ａｌ２ＴｉＯ５粉末结晶温度最低，粒径小，分散均匀。     

硫酸氧钛水解影响因素的研究

以硫酸法钛白工业生产的水解工艺为基础 ,提出了一个影响水解产物偏钛酸粒度及其分布的新因素———加热延迟时间 .通过正交试验和极差分析探讨了F(mH2 SO4 /mTiO2 )值、铁钛比 (mFe/mTiO2 )、水解液初始钛浓度等因素 ,尤其是加热延迟时间 ,对水解产物偏钛酸粒度的影响 .在水解 1h和 2h后 ,各因素对偏钛酸粒度大小的影响从大到小的顺序分别是 :铁钛比、水解液初始钛浓度、F值、加热延迟时间、熟化时间 ;水解液初始钛浓度、铁钛比、F值、熟化时间、加热延迟时间 .对偏钛酸粒度分布影响最大的两个因素为水解液初始钛浓度和加热延迟时间 .在粒度分布比较集中的条件下得到了水解的最优化条件 :水解液初始钛浓度 ,1 95mol/L ;F值 ,2 10 ;铁钛质量比 ,0 4 ;加热延迟时间 ,10min ;熟化时间 ,30min .     

胶-凝胶法制备钛酸铅陶瓷纤维热处理条件的研究

以醋酸铅、钛酸四丁酯为原料,三乙醇胺为螯合剂,冰醋酸为催化剂,无水乙醇为溶剂,采用溶胶-凝胶法制得了钛酸铅凝胶纤维,并将其在不同温度、不同时间、不同升温速率下进行热处理,得到钛酸铅陶瓷纤维。本文通过FT-IR、TGA-DTA、XRD、SEM表征手段,重点研究了退火温度、退火时间、升温速率等条件对陶瓷纤维微观结构和表面形貌的影响,确定了凝胶纤维的热处理工艺,制得了均匀、致密、光滑的纳米结构钛酸铅陶瓷纤维。     

从含钛电炉熔分渣制备纳米结构六钛酸钾晶须

研究了一种通过水热碱法—酸液回流—煅烧,从含钛电炉熔分渣中分离提取、制备纳米结构六钛酸钾晶须材料的新方法.采用扫描电子显微镜、透射电子显微镜、X射线衍射、X射线荧光光谱等表征手段,详细探讨了煅烧过程中钛钾摩尔比、煅烧温度、保温时间和水浸对最终产物物相和微观形貌的影响.含钛电炉熔分渣在水热温度为200℃,水热反应时间为24 h,碱液浓度达12 mol·L-1时,经酸液回流后所得偏钛酸呈一维单晶纳米棒状结构.随着钛钾摩尔比从1.50增加至1.75,煅烧温度从800℃升高到1100℃,保温时间从0.5h延长至7h,制备得到的六钛酸钾晶须的纯度、结晶性及长径比逐渐提高.当钛钾摩尔比为1.75,煅烧温度为1100℃,保温5 h,水浸2 h后可制备得到尺寸均一的六钛酸钾纳米晶须.     

锆钛酸铅（PZT）纳米陶瓷粉体的液相制备技术

评述了Sol-gel法、共沉淀法和水热法制备锆钛酸铅(PZT)纳米陶瓷粉体的原理、工艺过程、技术特点及其优缺点。重点论述了水热合成PZT纳米陶瓷粉体的dissolution／precipitation和in-situ两种合成机制,详细分析了锆、钛、铅等反应物离子在水热条件下的存在形式、反应机理以及碱度、温度、干燥技术和铅含量等条件对水热合成PZT纳米陶瓷粉体的影响。讨论了液相法合成PZT纳米陶瓷粉体的研究热点与发展方向。     

前躯体对载银二氧化钛粉体结构和抗菌性能的影响

分别以偏钛酸和正钛酸前躯体制备载银二氧化钛粉体,采用TG-DSC,XRD和SEM研究前驱体对粉体的结构、形貌及抗菌性能的影响.研究结果表明:载体偏钛酸结合水较少,煅烧后晶化程度高,更容易形成稳定的金红石相;当煅烧条件相同时,以偏钛酸前躯体制备的粉体颗粒小且均匀,无明显团聚,而以正钛酸前躯体制备的粉体颗粒则团聚严重,颗粒粗大且不均匀;2种粉体中载入的银均以硫酸银的形式存在;含银量相同的载银二氧化钛,以偏钛酸前躯体制各的粉体抗菌活性强,但水浸渍一段时间后,抗菌活性明显降低.而以正钛酸前躯体制备的粉体的色泽稳定性和长效抗菌性较好.     

掺Ca,Sm,Mn钛酸铅超细陶瓷粉末的研制

报道了用改进的化学共沉淀法制备掺Ｃａ，Ｓｍ，Ｍｎ钛酸铅超细娄末技术，制得的粉料粒径小于０．０５μｍ，其掺杂元素均能定量地准确掺入。     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

Perspherical Approaches for Electrons in Atoms and Charged Excitons in Quantum Wells

Instead of following Fock’s expansion,we solve the Schrodinger equation for some quantum mechanical manybody systems such as electrons in atoms and charged excitons in quantum wells in a similar way in hyperspherical coordinates by expanding the wave functions into orthonormal complete basis sets of the hyperspherical hannonics(HHs)of hyperangles and generalized Laguerre polynomials(GLPs)of the hyperradius.This leads the equation to     

Advances in broadband wireless communications under high-mobility scenarios

Future mobile communication systems aim at providing very high data transmission rates, even in high-mobility scenarios such as high-speed wheel-track trains, maglev trains, highway vehicles, airplanes, guided missiles or spacecraft. A particularly important commercial application is the strong and increasing worldwide demand for high- speed broadband wireless communications （up to 574.8 km/ h test speeds or 380 km/h commercial speeds） in railways, providing data, voice and video services for applications such as onboard entertainment services to passengers, train control, train dispatch, train sensor status handling and sur- veillance. In such high-mobility scenarios, there are a number of communication challenges, including fast hand- over, location updating, high-speed channel modeling, estimation and equalization, anti-Doppler spreading tech- niques, fast power control, and dedicated network architec- ture. Because signal transmission in very high-speed scenarios will inevitably experience serious deterioration, it is imperative to develop key broadband mobile communi- cation techniques for such high-speed vehicles.     

Wuhan University Journal of Natural Sciences TOTAL CONTENTS

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海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Scale-based spatial data model for GIS

Being the primary media of geographical information and the elementary objects manipulated, almost all of maps adopt the layer-based model to represent geographic information in the existent GIS. However, it is difficult to extend the map represented in layer-based model. Furthermore, in Web-Based GIS, It is slow to transmit the spatial data for map viewing. In this paper, for solving the questions above, we have proposed a new method for representing the spatial data. That is scale-based model. In this model we represent maps in three levels: scale-view, block, and spatial object, and organize the maps in a set of map layers, named Scale-View, which associates some given scales.Lastly, a prototype Web-Based GIS using the proposed spatial data representation is described briefly.     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to