混合试探作用量对三维格点规范场的研究

应用混合元格变量一链变量作用作为改进平均场理论的试探作用量，用变分法计算了３维时空中Ｚ（２），Ｕ（１）和ＳＵ（２）纯格点规范场的平均元格内能Ｅｐ，对于Ｚ（２）格点规范场得出具有范德瓦尔斯型曲线的一级相变的相图。对于３维Ｕ（１）和ＳＵ（２）规范场，所得Ｅｐ～β曲线是光滑的，显示理论禁闭性。计算结果与ＭＣ计算结果符合较好。     

Z（2）规范场—Higgs场和Z（4）规范场：Z（2）Higgs场系统…

应用累积展开方法，我们解析地计算了格点Ｚ（２）规范场－Ｈｉｇｇｓ场和Ｚ（４）规范场－Ｈｉｇｇｓ场定模耦合系统的相结构，这一计算分别精确到累积展开的第四级和第三级，所得结果和ＭｏｎｔｅＣａｒｌｏ结果相一致。     

Z（2）规范场－Higgs场和Z（4）规范场──Z（2）Higgs场系统相结构的解析研究

应用累积展开方法，我们解析地计算了格点Ｚ（２）规范场－Ｈｉｇｇｓ场和Ｚ（４）规范场－Ｈｉｇｇｓ场定模耦合系统的相结构，这一计算分别精确到累积展开的第四级和第三级，所得结果和ＭｏｎｔｅＣａｒｌｏ结果相一致。     

E－自反逆半群的一个结构定理

设Ｃ＝［Ｙ，Ｇａ；］是Ｃｌｉｆｆｏｒｄ半群，是一偏序集，是Ｘ的子半格理想，群Ｇａ作为自同构群作用于Ｘ＿ａ，且另外，假设下列条件成立：（１）若ｘ＿ａ≤ｙ，则ａ≤β；（ｉｉ）若ｘ＿ａ≤ｙ＿β，ｈ＿β∈Ｇ＿β，则，（ｉｉｉ）（ｉｖ）著，则令．定义乘法：获得了下面的定理。结构定理：逆半群Ｓ是Ｅ－自反的当且仅当Ｓ同构于某个Ｗ（Ｚ，Ｃ，Ｘ）．     

杂多阴离子柱撑水滑石类层柱状化合物的合成与表征

以硝酸根型水滑石做交换前驱体，采用离子交换法合成了过渡金属离子三元取代硅钨杂多阴离子柱撑水滑石Ｍ＿２Ａｌ（ＯＨ）＿６－ＳｉＷ＿９Ｚ＿３（Ｈ＿２Ｏ）＿３Ｏ＿（３７）（Ｍ＝Ｍｇ￣（２＋），Ｚｎ￣（２＋），Ｎｉ￣（２＋），Ｚ＝Ｃｕ￣（２＋），Ｃｏ￣（２＋））．用元素分析、ＸＲＤ、ＩＲ、ＵＶ－ＤＲＳ和ＤＴＡ等手段对产物的组成和结构进行了表征。结果表明，杂多阴离子引入水滑石层间后，水滑石的层间距从０．９２ｎｍ增大到１．４７ｎｍ；提高了柱撑材料的热稳定性，随层的组成不同热稳定性顺序为：Ｍｇ＿２Ａｌ≥Ｎｉ＿２Ａ１＞Ｚｎ＿２Ａｌ；随柱的组成不同热稳定性顺序为：ＳｉＷ＿９Ｃｏ＿３＞ＳｉＷ＿９Ｃｕ＿３．处于层中的杂多阴离子在层的脱羟基温度以下均能保持良好的Ｋｅｇｇｉｎ结构。     

含茂基及邻取代苯甲酸基钕（Ⅲ）有机化合物的合成

本文合成了八种新的茂基钕邻取代苯甲酸衍生物：Ｃｐ＿（３－ｎ）Ｎｄ［Ｏ＿２ＣＣ＿６Ｈ＿４（０－Ｚ）］＿ｎ（ｎ＝１，２；Ｚ＝ＯＭｅ，Ｃｌ，Ｂｒ，Ｉ；Ｃｐ＝Ｃ＿５Ｈ＿５）。由于邻位取代基中配位原子Ｘ（Ｏ，Ｃｌ，Ｂｒ，Ｉ）与中心Ｎｄ￣（３＋）之间具有配位作用，增加了铁的配位数及空间饱和性，提高了这类化合物的稳定性。这些化合物均经过元素分析，红外光谱，质谱及光电子能谱鉴定。     

取代型Keggin结构杂多阴离子插层化合物的合成及氧化活性

采用离子交换技术合成了过渡元素取代型Ｋｅｇｇｉｎ结构杂多阴离子柱撑层柱化合物Ｚｎ＿２Ａｌ－ＳｉＷ＿９Ｚ＿３（Ｚ＝Ｃｏ￣（２＋）、Ｃｕ￣（２＋０）与Ｚｎ＿２Ａｌ－ＢＷ＿１１Ｚ（Ｚ＝Ｃｏ￣（２＋）、Ｃｕ￣（２＋）和Ｎｉ￣（２＋））；ＸＲＤ与ＩＲ测试表明，它们具有０．９８±０．０１ｎｍ的通道高度，层间杂多阴离子保持Ｋｅｇｇｉｎ结构骨架；在液－固相体系中，它们对苯甲醛的Ｈ＿２Ｏ＿２氧化反应具有显著高的催化活性，是性能优秀的固一液相氧化型催化剂．     

RECl3与丙氨酸配合行为的半微量相平衡研究

用半微量相平衡法研究了ＲＥＣｌ３－Ａｌａ－Ｈ＿２Ｏ（ＲＥ＝Ｓｍ，Ｄｙ，Ｙｂ）在２５℃及全浓度范围内的溶度性质。结果表明每个体系中分别形成两种不同配比的配合物。在相平衡结果指导下，合成了ＲＥ（Ａｌａ）＿３Ｃｌ＿３·３Ｈ＿２Ｏ（ＲＥ＝Ｌａ，Ｃｅ，Ｐｒ，Ｎｄ，Ｓｍ，Ｅｕ，Ｇｄ，Ｔｂ，Ｄｙ，ＲＥ（Ａｌａ）＿２Ｃｌ＿３·ｎＨ＿２Ｏ（ＲＥ＝Ｌａ，Ｃｅ，Ｐｒ，Ｎｄ，Ｓｍ，ｎ＝３；ＲＥ＝Ｈｏ，Ｙｂ，Ｙ，ｎ＝４）和ＲＥ（Ａｂ）Ｃｌ＿３·６Ｈ＿２Ｏ（ＲＥ＝Ｅｕ，Ｇｄ，Ｔｂ，Ｄｙ，Ｈｏ，Ｙｂ，Ｙ）。发现了ＲＥＣｌ＿３与丙氨酸形成配合物的“三分组”规律。     

氯羟丙基磷酸酯对软质聚氨酯泡沫阻燃的物理化学作用

应用ＳＥＭ、热分析和ＩＲ光谱等较全面地研究了ＣＨＰＡ－ＰＵ软泡燃烧的物理化学变化，结果表明该阻燃基体［－ＮＨ－ＣＯ－０－ＣＨ（ＣＨ＿２Ｃｌ）－ＣＨ＿２－０－］＿３－Ｐ＝０的热分解加速，在燃烧初期就释放出ＨＣｌ与其磷酸酯互相作用生成ＰＯＣｌ＿３、ＰＣｌ＿３、ＰＣｌ＿ｓ等不燃性化合物。证实了这些Ｐ－Ｃｌ化合物：１）挥发带走热量降低体系温度，且其散发速度比ＨＣｌ慢，可延长在燃烧区域的停滞时间，更有效地在气相起阻燃作用；２）在燃烧过程（高温区）有氧存在下，转化为各种形态的磷酸，具有强烈的脱水效能，使含氧的ＰＵ软泡表层碳化生成阻隔燃烧的覆盖层，起到固相阻燃的作用，由于这些物理化学作用使ＰＵ软泡呈现较佳的阻燃性。     

铒丝氨酸配合物的合成与结构研究

在水溶液中合成了标题配合物［Ｅｒ＿２（Ｓｅｒ）＿３（Ｈ＿２Ｏ）＿４（ＣｌＯ＿４）＿６，并测定了红外光谱和单晶结构。晶体属空间群。晶胞参数：ａ＝１．１３４４（７）ｎｍ，ｂ＝１．１３９９（６）ｎｍ，ｃ＝１．０７１６（６）ｎｍ，ａ＝９７．９９（４）°，β＝１０５．４８（４）°，γ＝ｌ１８．５１（５）°，Ｚ＝１。该配合物为双核分子，诸丝氨酸均以桥式配位与两个Ｅｒ￣（３＋）离子相连，每个铒离子周围各有４个配位水分子，配位数为７，形成单帽三棱柱的配位多面体。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to