二甲醚饱和液相导热系数的实验研究

研制了高精度瞬态双热线法导热系数测量装置及数据采集系统,整个测量系统的不确定度小于±1%.用液相甲苯标定213~363 K温度区间的饱和液相导热系数,并与标准值进行了比较,测量的平均偏差为0.37%,最大偏差为0.73%.用此装置对245~385 K温度区间的二甲醚饱和液相导热系数进行了实验研究,利用测量得到的饱和液相导热系数数据,拟合了二甲醚饱和液相的导热系数方程,该方程的计算值与实验数据的平均偏差为0.32%,最大偏差为0.85%,为二甲醚作为替代制冷剂和替代燃料等研究提供了急需的热物性数据.     

页岩陶粒混凝土制品导热系数及线胀系数测定

与传统的建筑材料相比,陶粒混凝土具有导热系数小、重量轻、结构性能好等优点.在建筑围护结构,特别是屋面保温隔热工程中得到了大量的应用.通过热箱法对高强页岩陶粒混凝土的导热系数及热膨胀系数进行测试,并将测试结果与传统建筑材料的相应热学参数进行了比较,为建筑节能设计提供了试验依据.     

陶瓷微球填充型隔热涂料的有效导热系数

利用SEM对一种陶瓷微球填充型隔热涂料进行了分析,在此基础上运用数值单元体法建立了计算其有效导热系数的模型.分别讨论了球壁厚度、球壁有效导热系数及陶瓷微球填充率等3个主要因素对该涂料有效导热系数的影响.为验证计算结果,利用稳态平板法测试了几种隔热涂料的导热系数.研究发现:选用壁面薄的陶瓷微球可制成性能较好的隔热涂料;陶瓷球壁的有效导热系数对涂料的有效导热系数影响很大,前者必须很低,比如小于0.05 W/(m·K),才可显著降低涂料有效导热系数;增加填充率可明显降低涂料有效导热系数;填充陶瓷微球确可改善涂料隔热性能,但程度有限.     

活性炭/膨胀石墨固化混合吸附剂导热和渗透性能测试

为了提高活性炭吸附剂的传热性能,同时不影响其传质特性,选择6种不同粒径的活性炭吸附剂,并按5种比例制备了活性炭/膨胀石墨固化混合吸附剂,采用稳态法,对样品进行了导热系数、渗透率的性能测试.研究表明：在600 kg/m3的密度下,不同粒径活性炭吸附剂导热系数基本维持在0.36 W/(m·K)的恒定值,渗透率随着粒径的增大而增大;活性炭/膨胀石墨固化混合吸附剂的导热系数最高可达2.61 W/(m·K);随着活性炭比例的升高,导热系数逐渐减小,渗透率逐渐增大;当活性炭比例达到最大的71.4 %(2.5∶1.0)时,导热系数为2.08 W/(m·K)、渗透率为51.6 μm2,相比颗粒状活性炭,其导热系数提高了5.6倍.     

重构混凝土导热系数的反问题

混凝土的绝热温升过程可用一个非线性热传导方程描述.它在自然科学和工程技术的很多领域都有重要应用.该问题的困难有两点:其一是右端的源项是一个非线性函数;其二为所需反演的导热系数是二阶抛物方程的主项系数.在终端观测值给定的情形下,研究重构该方程的导热系数的反问题.基于最优控制框架,建立了控制泛函极小值的存在性、唯一性和稳定性.     

PR导热系数普遍化模型及其精度预测分析

在原PR导热系数模型基础上,改进建立了一个PR导热系数普遍化模型,在温度80～1 400 K和压力0.1～350 MPa内对油气藏流体中常见的22个纯组分的气、液相导热系数总共3 263个数据点进行了拟合,总平均相对误差为7.34%.对13个二元和三元混合物总共260个数据点预测的总平均相对误差为7.94%;对3个石油馏分总共22个数据点导热系数预测的总平均相对误差为9.68%.对极性纯物质的总共810个数据点预测的总平均相对误差为6.86%;对极性二元混合物的共439个数据点预测的总平均相对误差为6.03%.该模型的计算精度明显优于石油工程中常用的导热系数模型.     

污泥烧结页岩多孔砖耐水性能试验研究

为了研究污泥掺量对污泥烧结页岩多孔砖耐水性能的影响,以便找到最佳污泥掺量的同时找出一种非破损检测砖体耐水性能的方法,首先测定不同污泥掺量下污泥烧结页岩多孔砖在饱水状态下砖体导热系数,再测定其抗压软化系数。结果表明:污泥烧结页岩多孔砖软化系数随着污泥掺量的增加而增大,砖体饱水状态下的导热系数也随着污泥掺量增加而增大。当污泥烧结页岩多孔砖软化系数Kp≥0.85时,污泥烧结页岩多孔砖污泥掺量不得大于20%。建议将饱水状态下砖体导热系数作为评价砖体耐水性能指标,以达到非破损检测砖体耐水性能的目的。     

基于测井资料定量表征页岩储层非均质性

为了解决页岩储层非均质性影响因素多以及难以综合定量表征页岩储层非均质性的问题,基于洛伦兹曲线理论计算页岩宏观非均质性的总有机碳含量、微观非均质性的矿物组分和有效孔隙度以及岩石力学参数非均质性的杨氏模量和泊松比等影响因素的洛伦兹系数,结合运用层次分析法确定影响因素权重,建立综合定量表征页岩储层非均质性方法。研究表明:该方法表征结果与预测布缝方式和压裂施工曲线吻合较好。该方法为页岩储层非均质性表征提供了一种思路,同时对威远地区压前预测和压后评价具有一定参考价值。     

湘西北下寒武统牛蹄塘组页岩气储层可压裂性评价

通过对湘西北地区实地勘察及采样分析,对湘西北下寒武统牛蹄塘组页岩储层的宏观和微观参数对可压裂性的影响进行评价;基于SEM技术与Image J软件相结合的方法,实现页岩孔裂隙率的定量评价;采用组合赋权法建立可定量评价研究区页岩储层可压裂性的可压裂系数数学模型。研究结果表明:研究区下寒武统牛蹄塘组页岩具有脆性矿物质量分数高、脆性系数高、热演化程度高、微孔裂隙较发育的特点,具备页岩储层压裂的有利条件;运用可压裂系数模型计算研究区页岩储层的可压裂系数为0.504 0,咸丰、龙山、桑植和慈利的可压裂系数较高,是研究区页岩较理想的压裂区域;基于储层各参数特征,将研究区的页岩可压裂性分为3个级别,即可压裂性差(可压裂系数小于0.277 4,压裂效果差)、可压裂性中等(可压裂系数为[0.277 4,0.436 3],压裂效果一般)和可压裂性好(可压裂系数为(0.436 3,0.653 8],缝网压裂效果较理想),应选择可压裂系数大于0.436 3的页岩层进行水力压裂。     

柴油/碳酸二甲酯混合物液相导热系数的实验研究

在单热线法导热系数测量装置的研制基础上,对质量比分别为95∶5、90∶10和85∶15的柴油/碳酸二甲酯混合物的导热系数进行了实验研究,实验的温度区间为280～375K,实验结果在包含因子k等于2时的最大相对扩展不确定度为2 0%,利用实验数据拟合得到了柴油和碳酸二甲酯液体混合物的Flippov型、Jamieson型和陈则韶型导热系数推算方程,3种推算方程与实验数据的偏差均小于±0 9%,可以很好地用于目前正在进行的清洁燃料汽车研究.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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An on-line scaling method for improving scalability of a database cluster

The explosive growth of the Internet and database applications has driven database to be more scalable and available, and able to support on-line scaling without interrupting service. To support more client's queries without downtime and degrading the response time, more nodes have to be scaled up while the database is running. This paper presents the overview of scalable and available database that satisfies the above characteristics. And we propose a novel on-line scaling method. Our method improves the existing on-line scaling method for fast response time and higher throughputs. Our proposed method reduces unnecessary network use, i.e. , we decrease the number of data copy by reusing the backup data. Also, our on-line scaling operation can be processed parallel by selecting adequate nodes as new node. Our performance study shows that our method results in significant reduction in data copy time.     

An improved R-tree based on childnode''s probability

R-Tree is a good structure for spatial searching. But in this indexing structure,either the sequence of nodes in the same level or sequence of traveling these nodes when queries are made is random. Since the possibility that the object appears in different MBR which have the same parents node is different, if we make the subnode who has the most possibility be traveled first, the time cost will be decreased in most of the cases. In some case, the possibility of a point belong to a rectangle will shows direct proportion with the size of the rectangle. But this conclusion is based on an assumption that the objects are symmetrically distributing in the area and this assumption is not always coming into existence. Now we found a more direct parameter to scale the possibility and made a little change on the structure of R-tree, to increase the possibility of founding the satisfying answer in the front sub trees. We names this structure probability based arranged R-tree (PBAR-tree).     

Integrating GIS Web services based on mediating architecture

The geographic information service is enabled by the advancements in general Web service technology and the focused efforts of the OGC in defining XML-based Web GIS service. Based on these models, this paper addresses the issue of services chaining,the process of combining or pipelining results from several interoperable GIS Web Services to create a customized solution. This paper presents a mediated chaining architecture in which a specific service takes responsibility for performing the process that describes a service chain. We designed the Spatial Information Process Language (SIPL) for dynamic modeling and describing the service chain, also a prototype of the Spatial Information Process Execution Engine (SIPEE) is implemented for executing processes written in SIPL. Discussion of measures to improve the functionality and performance of such system will be included.     

Tracking data management using topology of moving object database system for moving object constrained trajectory in LBS application

Advances in wireless technologies and positioning technologies and spread of wireless devices, an interest in LBS (Location Based Service) is arising. To provide location based service, tracking data should have been stored in moving object database management system (called MODBMS) with proper policies and managed efficiently. So the methods which acquire the location information at regular time intervals then, store and manage have been studied. In this paper, we suggest tracking data management techniques using topology that is corresponding to the moving path of moving object. In our techniques, we update the MODBMS when moving object arrived at a street intersection or a curved road which is represented as the node in topology and predict the location at past and future with attribute of topology and linear function. In this technique, location data that are corresponding to the node in topology are stored, thus reduce the number of update and amount of data. Also in case predicting the location,because topology are used as well as existing location information, accuracy for prediction is increased than applying linear function or spline function.