丹酚酸A通过抗炎抗氧化发挥对急性肾损伤大鼠的保护作用

为研究丹酚酸A(SAA)对缺血再灌注(I/R)所致急性肾损伤(AKI)大鼠的保护作用,采用健康雄性SD大鼠并随机分为空白对照、假手术、I/R模型、SAA 2.5 mg/kg、5 mg/kg及10 mg/kg组,通过夹闭双侧肾蒂60 min,再灌注24 h造模.24 h后检测血肌酐(Scr)、尿素氮(BUN)和肾损伤分子-1(KIM-1)水平,观察肾组织形态学变化;进一步检测血清白介素-6(IL-6)、白介素-10(IL-10)和丙二醛(MDA)含量,及超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性.结果显示,与I/R模型组相比,SAA明显降低Scr、BUN和尿KIM-1含量,减轻肾小管坏死程度;同时,SAA显著降低血清IL-6和MDA含量,升高血清IL-10含量以及增强血清SOD活性.SAA对I/R所致AKI大鼠具有保护作用,可能与其抗炎、抗氧化作用有关.     

Effect of HGF on cerebral water content, activity of MPO, TNF-α and IL-10 in rats subjected to focal cerebral ischemia/reperfusion

目的:观察HGF对脑缺血/再灌注(L/R)大鼠脑含水量、MPO活性及TNF-α、IL-10的影响.方法:SD大鼠随机分为5组:对照组;脑L/R组;实验Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ组,分别用质量分数为15、30、60 μg/kg HGF处理.线栓法制备大鼠大脑中动脉闭塞模型,缺血1.5h再灌注24h后,测定脑含水量、MPO活性,检测TNF-α、IL-10含量及mRNA水平的表达.结果:I/R大鼠脑含水量增加,MPO活性升高,TNF-α、IL-10含量及mRNA表达上升.不同质量分数HGF处理均能减少I/R大鼠脑含水量,降低MPO活性,下调TNF-α含量和mRNA水平,上调IL-10含量及mRNA表达.结论:促进抗炎症因子IL-10的表达、抑制促炎症因子TNF-α的表达可能是HGF减轻缺血性脑损伤炎症反应的机制之一.     

黄精丸对大鼠大脑局灶性脑缺血损伤保护作用研究

目的观察黄精丸对大鼠大脑中动脉缺血再灌注损伤的影响。方法大鼠提前30d灌胃黄精丸(相当生药量2~10g/kg)后,采用大鼠局灶性脑缺血再灌注损伤模型,观察大鼠行为学变化、脑组织超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)、脂质过氧化物丙二醛(MDA)、白细胞介素(IL)-1β及肿瘤坏死因子(TNF)-α水平的变化。结果与缺血再灌注损伤组比较,黄精丸组脑功能受损程度明显改善,脑组织SOD与GSH-Px水平显著升高,MDA、IL-1β、TNF-α水平显著下降且呈剂量依赖关系。结论黄精丸对大鼠大脑缺血再灌注诱导的氧自由基、脂质过氧化、各种炎性因子损伤具有良好的保护作用。     

IL-6对大鼠脑缺血-再灌注后海马IL-1R的影响

目的:探讨脑缺血-再灌注损伤(brainischemiareperfusioninjury)过程中白细胞介素-6 Interleukin-6, (IL-6)对CNS中神经元保护作用的机制及其与炎前细胞因子白细胞介素-1 Interleukin-1,IL-1)之间的关系,为 (研究脑缺血-再灌注损伤的机制提供实验和相关方面的理论基础.方法:采用四动脉暂时性阻断的方法将26只Wistar大鼠制成全脑缺血-再灌注的实验动物模型,并将大鼠分成两组:即单纯的脑缺血-再灌注对照组(n= 9)以及实验组(n = 17),两组大鼠手术前2h分别经侧脑室注入10 L生理盐水和等量的IL-6,然后采用免疫组织化学方法观察缺血-再灌注过程中大鼠海马神经元白细胞介素-1受体(Interleukin-1 receptor,IL-1R)免疫反应性的变化并进行相关的统计学分析.结果:大鼠全脑缺血-再灌注4h后海马CA1、 区IL-1R免疫反应CA3性显著增加,表现为:IL-1R免疫反应阳性细胞数显著增加、着色明显加深.结论:IL-6作为一种神经保护因子在大鼠脑缺血-再灌注损伤的病理过程中,可能通过抑制CNS中神经元的炎症因子IL-1R的表达来实现其对CNS的营养和保护作用.     

大鼠肝缺血再灌注核因子-κB活性变化的实验研究

目的研究肝缺血再灌注(I/R)时核转录因子-kB(NF-κB)的活性变化及作用.方法采用肝I/R模型,用RT-PCR技术和免疫组化法分别检测肝I/R后不同时期NF-kB亚单位及其抑制因子κPα(I-κBα)的mRNA和蛋白质的表达.结果大鼠肝I/R后1 hp65蛋白质活性增高,4 h达到高峰,32 h仍维持较高水平(P＜0.05).而NF-κBp65mRNA的表达各组间均无明显改变(P＞0.05);I-κBα蛋白量于再灌注1 h即下降,2 h达到最低(P＜0.05),以后逐渐恢复正常,I-xBαmRNA的表达与其蛋白质的表达相一致(P＜0.05).结论大鼠肝I/R早期肝组织细胞中存在NF-kBp65的激活及其I-κBα的减少,NF-кB的激活可能参与了肝I/R的损伤过程.     

阿米洛利介导PI3K/AKT信号通路对急性呼吸窘迫综合征大鼠肺损伤的作用机制

目的:探讨阿米洛利介导PI3K/AKT信号通路对急性呼吸窘迫综合征(ARDS)大鼠肺损伤的作用机制,为ARDS患者临床诊疗提供新思路.方法:将96只雄性Wistar大鼠随机分为空白对照组、二甲基亚砜(DMSO)组、ARDS组、阿米洛利组,各组24只,空白对照组和DMSO组均不注射油酸,其余各组建立油酸型ARDS大鼠模型,分别在注射油酸4 h、8 h和12 h时取样肺组织和肺泡灌洗液(BALF),ELISA法检测大鼠BALF中肿瘤坏死因子(TNF-α)、白介素-6(IL-6)和白介素-10(IL-10)水平;HE染色观察大鼠肺组织病理变化;免疫组化法检测大鼠肺组织血管内皮细胞生长因子(VEGF)、血管细胞黏附因子(VCAM-1)和内皮素1(ET-1)阳性表达水平;Western blot和RT-PCR检测大鼠肺组织中PI3K/AKT信号通路相关因子PI3K、p-PI3K、AKT和p-AKT蛋白表达水平及mRNA表达水平.结果:注射油酸后的大鼠出现呼吸困难、呼吸频率明显加快、毛发直立、活动减少等急性呼吸窘迫症状,说明大鼠ARDS模型构建成功.ARDS组大鼠BALF中TNF-α和IL-6质量浓度显著上升(P0.05),IL-10质量浓度显著下降(P0.01);阿米洛利干预后大鼠BALF中TNF-α和IL-6质量浓度显著降低(P0.01),IL-10质量浓度升高有统计学差异(P0.01).HE染色ARDS组大鼠肺组织肺泡壁增厚,肺泡结构被破坏,炎性细胞浸润;免疫组化结果表明,ARDS组大鼠肺组织中VEGF阳性表达显著降低(P0.01),VCAM-1和ET-1阳性表达显著升高(P0.01),阿米洛利干预后VEGF表达显著上调(P0.01),VCAM-1和ET-1阳性表达均显著下调(P0.01);与ARDS组比较,阿米洛利组中p-PI3K和p-AKT蛋白相对表达降低(P0.01);RT-PCR检测和Western blot变化趋势相同.结论:阿米洛利干预可以改善ARDS大鼠肺损伤,这可能是通过抑制PI3K/AKT信号通路实现的.     

肿瘤微环境酸化下MDSCs通过ASICs促进TNF-α表达

为探讨肿瘤微环境酸化条件下髓源抑制细胞(MDSCs)中酸敏感离子通道(ASICs)与肿瘤坏死因子(TNF-α)表达之间的联系,用实时定量PCR方法检测了正常生理条件(pH 7.3)、酸性条件(pH 5.5)及加入ASICs抑制剂等不同处理后小鼠TNF-α表达含量的变化.结果表明:正常生理条件下,肿瘤组MDSCs中TNF-α的表达含量明显高于正常组,在酸化环境下其表达含量明显高于正常生理条件;加入ASICs非特异性抑制剂阿米洛利或双氯芬酸后,MDSCs中TNF-α表达含量明显受到抑制;加入ASICs亚基1抑制剂PcTx1后TNF-α含量明显降低,而加入布洛芬、ASICs亚基3抑制剂APETX2后,MDSCs中TNF-α表达含量无明显变化.故在肿瘤微环境酸化条件下,MDSCs通过ASICS亚基1促进MDSCs表达TNF-α.     

无菌大鼠深二度烫伤感染金黄色葡萄球菌机体炎性反应的研究

目的 为探究无菌大鼠深二度烫伤创面感染金黄色葡萄球菌后机体的炎性反应,试验应用无菌大鼠及SPF级大鼠分别建立深二度烫伤模型和烫伤后金黄色葡萄球菌感染模型,分析愈合过程、炎性反应及病理变化。方法20只6周龄雌性Wistar无菌大鼠,在超净工作台内采用恒温恒压烫伤仪94℃作用8 s造成大鼠深二度烫伤,随机分为两组,一组伤口感染浓度为1×1~08CFU/m L金黄色葡萄球菌0. 5 m L,一组不做处理,创面保持无菌状态; 20只6周龄雌性SPF级Wistar大鼠,在相同条件下烫伤,随机分为两组,一组伤口感染浓度为1×10~8CFU/m L金黄色葡萄球菌0. 5 m L,一组不做处理。分别观察4组大鼠的伤口结痂时间、脱痂时间和愈合时间,并在烫伤前(0 h),烫伤后24 h、48 h、3d、5 d、7d、10 d、14 d时取血清,检测肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)、白细胞介素-1α(IL-1α)和表皮生长因子受体(EGFR)的变化;烫伤后24 h、3d、7 d、10 d伤口处皮肤HE染色,观察病理变化。结果 感染金黄色葡萄球菌无菌大鼠伤口脱痂及愈合时间显著短于其他3组(P<0. 05);感染金黄色葡萄球菌SPF级大鼠,结痂、脱痂及愈合时间显著长于其他3组(P<0. 05);感染金黄色葡萄球菌SPF级烫伤大鼠组由于双重损伤使血清炎性因子TNF-α、IL-1α水平升高,且在烫伤后72 h显著高于其他3组(P<0. 05);无菌大鼠由于对烫伤及金黄色葡萄球菌刺激反应激烈,烫伤后血清TNF-α、IL-1α和EGFR水平迅速升高,且在烫伤24 h时显著高于2组SPF大鼠(P<0. 05),在烫伤48 h时血清EGFR水平显高于两组SPF大鼠(P<0. 05)。病理显示,感染金黄色葡萄球菌SPF烫伤大鼠伤口处新生血管及肉芽组织生成时间均长于其他3组;感染金黄色葡萄球菌无菌烫伤大鼠伤口处新生血管及肉芽组织生成时间均短于其他3组。结论 无菌大鼠由于其免疫系统处于休眠状态,受到烫伤和金黄色葡萄球菌的双重刺激,迅速激活其全身免疫系统,加快了伤口愈合; SPF烫伤大鼠感染金黄色葡萄球菌后产生的多种免疫逃避分子加重了机体的炎性反应,延缓了伤口愈合。     

异甘草素对心肌缺血再灌注损伤的保护作用

为研究研究异甘草素对心肌缺血再灌注损伤的保护作用,采用Langendorff建立离体心脏灌流模型的方法,48只成年雄性SD大鼠随机分为模型组、正常组和异甘草素组(25、50、75、100 mg/L)。利用生物多导记录仪连续测定血流动力学参数;TTC染色法观察心肌梗死面积;采用ELISA法测定冠脉流出液中磷酸肌酸激酶(CK)和乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)的含量;以及心肌组织中超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)水平、丙二醛(MDA)含量、白介素-6(IL-6)、肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)、C-反应蛋白(CRP)的活性以及还原型谷胱甘肽/氧化型谷胱甘肽(GSH/GSSG)的比率;用TUNEL法检测心肌细胞的凋亡情况。结果显示,I/R可造成心肌的严重损伤,如引起心脏功能障碍,升高冠脉流出液中CK和LDH的含量,增加心肌组织中MDA、IL-6、TNF-α和CRP的活性,并降低心肌组织中SOD活性和GSH/GSSG的比率,诱导心肌梗死坏死和凋亡。通过异甘草素(25、50、75 mg/L)预处理可以逆转I/R诱导的这些损伤效应,减轻I/R心肌损伤,然而100 mg/L的异甘草素却没有此保护作用。由此可知,异甘草素具有抗心肌缺血再灌注损伤作用,其作用可能与其抗氧化、抗炎和抗凋亡作用相关。     

人硫氧还蛋白对脑缺血作用的CT灌注与SOD相关性的实验研究

目的研究人硫氧还蛋白(hTRX)对局灶性兔脑缺血/再灌注损伤后脑组织的保护作用,并探讨其清除氧自由基的生物学活性.方法采用线栓法制成一侧兔脑缺血/再灌注模型(栓塞6 h,再灌注18 h),将25只雄性新西兰白兔随机分成假手术组(Sham组,5只)、缺血/再灌注组(I/R组,10只)和缺血/再灌注 hTRX治疗组(I/R hTRX组,10只),I/R hTRX组给予hTRX(0.75 mg/kg体质量),Sham组、I/R组以等容积的生理盐水取代hTRX;分别于梗死后6 h及再灌注后18 h做CT灌注图像,观察脑梗死面积,计算出其所占同侧大脑半球面积的百分比(HLA%);检测脑组织匀浆中SOD,MDA含量.结果脑缺血/再灌注后,脑梗死范围显著,脑组织匀浆中SOD明显下降,MDA明显升高(与假手术组比较,P<0.01);而应用hTRX能显著减小脑梗死面积,降低MDA及升高SOD含量(与B组比较,P<0.01).结论重组hTRX对脑缺血/再灌注损伤有显著的治疗作用.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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An on-line scaling method for improving scalability of a database cluster

The explosive growth of the Internet and database applications has driven database to be more scalable and available, and able to support on-line scaling without interrupting service. To support more client's queries without downtime and degrading the response time, more nodes have to be scaled up while the database is running. This paper presents the overview of scalable and available database that satisfies the above characteristics. And we propose a novel on-line scaling method. Our method improves the existing on-line scaling method for fast response time and higher throughputs. Our proposed method reduces unnecessary network use, i.e. , we decrease the number of data copy by reusing the backup data. Also, our on-line scaling operation can be processed parallel by selecting adequate nodes as new node. Our performance study shows that our method results in significant reduction in data copy time.     

An improved R-tree based on childnode''s probability

R-Tree is a good structure for spatial searching. But in this indexing structure,either the sequence of nodes in the same level or sequence of traveling these nodes when queries are made is random. Since the possibility that the object appears in different MBR which have the same parents node is different, if we make the subnode who has the most possibility be traveled first, the time cost will be decreased in most of the cases. In some case, the possibility of a point belong to a rectangle will shows direct proportion with the size of the rectangle. But this conclusion is based on an assumption that the objects are symmetrically distributing in the area and this assumption is not always coming into existence. Now we found a more direct parameter to scale the possibility and made a little change on the structure of R-tree, to increase the possibility of founding the satisfying answer in the front sub trees. We names this structure probability based arranged R-tree (PBAR-tree).     

Integrating GIS Web services based on mediating architecture

The geographic information service is enabled by the advancements in general Web service technology and the focused efforts of the OGC in defining XML-based Web GIS service. Based on these models, this paper addresses the issue of services chaining,the process of combining or pipelining results from several interoperable GIS Web Services to create a customized solution. This paper presents a mediated chaining architecture in which a specific service takes responsibility for performing the process that describes a service chain. We designed the Spatial Information Process Language (SIPL) for dynamic modeling and describing the service chain, also a prototype of the Spatial Information Process Execution Engine (SIPEE) is implemented for executing processes written in SIPL. Discussion of measures to improve the functionality and performance of such system will be included.