浅谈岩溶地段隧道施工技术方案

岩溶地区因其地质条件复杂，在隧道工程施工中，经常会遇到复杂岩溶地层，岩溶处理有很大的难度和复杂性，如果对岩溶工程条件认识不足，将给隧道工程施工带来一系列的问题。如何确保岩溶地区隧道施工的安全和工程质量，本文提出新的相关方案及施工技术。     

云南某高速公路隧道岩溶发育特点及其灾害治理实例

岩溶隧道施工遭遇岩溶特别是充填(水、黏土)岩溶,极易发生涌突水、涌突泥灾并引发隧道冒顶、地表水源流失等地质灾害及地表生态环境破坏问题,轻则影响工期,重则对洞内施工人员和机械设备造成危害.研究岩溶隧道穿越位置岩溶发育及其充填性质,总结隧道施工岩溶灾害处理经验,无疑对今后西南岩溶隧道施工具有重要的指导意义.以云南某高速公路隧道为例,对季节变动带岩溶发育分布规律、岩溶灾害治理进行了初步探讨.     

岩溶地质隧道施工中注浆技术的应用

溶洞不仅关系着施工安全,同时也是制约隧道按期建成的关键因素,只有科学处理溶洞,才能确保隧道的顺利贯通和安全运行。文章介绍了黄织铁路凤凰山隧道穿越岩溶地段的帷幕注浆技术,从而为在岩溶地质条件下,处理大型泥石混合充填溶腔时施工处理方案的实施积累了经验。     

侧部溶洞对隧道围岩变形特征影响的数值分析及处治措施

以五里坡隧道岩溶工程地质特征及隧道结构加强措施为例,运用有限元数值分析基本理论,分析了既有侧部溶洞对隧道围岩变形特征的影响,辨识应力集中影响范围,并讨论了既有溶洞洞体形状对溶洞围岩应力状态的影响,同时进行了隧道围岩加固的施工技术探讨。由于岩溶地区工程地质条件的及其复杂性,施工开始前应详细查明地质情况并根据围岩地质条件有针对性地制定相应的施工措施和几套施工应急预案,以便遇到突发事件时能及时投入抢险工作;同时技术人员在施工中做到动态设计和动态施工,可有效地将施工安全风险和隧道结构安全风险降到最低。     

隧道基底岩溶地质雷达探测与处理措施研究

针对某隧道开挖过程中揭露出的基底岩溶,结合现场地质情况,通过地质雷达技术对基底岩溶规模、形状进行了探测,并通过对基底围岩爆破下挖进行了验证,在此基础上提出了相应的治理措施。结果表明:选用合适的地质雷达参数、测线、较低的扫描速度以及提高采样数对提高雷达探测精度至关重要;因隧道施工现场复杂,需配合其他探测方法以提高探测的精度;本工程一系列隧道基底岩溶治理措施施工效率高、效果明显,可为类似工程提供参考。     

宜万铁路岩溶隧道防排水原则及技术研究

宜万铁路岩溶隧道地质条件复杂、岩溶形态多样,高压富水溶腔段是岩溶隧道治理的重点和难点。在对充填型溶腔进行富水分级的基础上,制定岩溶隧道的防排水原则。对于可以排放的溶腔,研究总结了使岩溶水的排放得到合理控制的总体方案和安全保障方案。对于采用“以堵为主”原则进行处理的高压富水充填岩溶,研究总结了相应的全断面帷幕注浆技术、隧道周边超前预注浆技术,并提出了外堵内固周边注浆新技术,在保证安全的前提下极大地加快了施工进度。宜万铁路岩溶隧道的结构防排水按照“因地制宜、堵排结合、多道防线”的原则进行。     

岩溶段隧道左右线开挖顺序研究

岩溶问题是隧道开挖过程中不可避免的课题。为开展岩溶隧道开挖顺序优化研究,以某岩溶区隧道为依托,通过FLAC~(3D)软件对该隧道岩溶段左右线不同开挖顺序进行模拟,综合分析不同开挖顺序的拱顶沉降、围岩应力及主矢位移等关键指标,从而确定了岩溶隧道开挖顺序的最佳方案,为今后同类隧道开挖施工提供可借鉴的经验。     

瞬变电磁法在广昆铁路牧羊村2号隧道岩溶水害治理中的应用

瞬变电磁法具有对低阻体非常敏感的特点，应用较广，适用于隧道富水岩溶管道的探查.广昆铁路牧羊村2号隧道为可溶岩傍山隧道，处于地下水的季节变动带，运营以来雨季渗涌水突出，岩溶水害严重，对铁路运营安全影响很大.通过采用多断面瞬变电磁法查清了隧道主要排水岩溶管道特征，并针对性的打设集水孔，将涌入隧道的岩溶水拦截引排至泄水洞，解决了岩溶水害问题.既有铁路隧道岩溶水害治理中最重要的是过水岩溶管道位置的准确确定，在隧道中采用多断面瞬变电磁法可有效查清过水岩溶管道的空间特征.     

隧道地表塌陷成因分析及治理对策研究

论文以两个隧道的岩溶地表塌陷为例分析了岩溶地表塌陷的原因及其具体影响因素，为进一步的预测和治理岩9溶地表塌陷提供了依据。介绍了隧道工程的地质特征、地貌特征以及防止突水引起地表塌陷的措施，涌泥引起地表塌陷的成因、定量探测方法和治理对策。本文认为对隧道施工中岩溶地表塌陷的影响应火岩溶发育程度的影响、地下水影响和覆盖层性质的影响等方面考虑。     

宜万铁路复杂岩溶隧道水害综合防治技术

以宜万铁路8座I级复杂岩溶高风险隧道之一的大支坪隧道为背景,通过施工方案、防风险措施的不断研究与实践,总结出了复杂岩溶隧道规避风险、安全施工、防水害、结构安全的较成功的应对措施。     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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An on-line scaling method for improving scalability of a database cluster

The explosive growth of the Internet and database applications has driven database to be more scalable and available, and able to support on-line scaling without interrupting service. To support more client's queries without downtime and degrading the response time, more nodes have to be scaled up while the database is running. This paper presents the overview of scalable and available database that satisfies the above characteristics. And we propose a novel on-line scaling method. Our method improves the existing on-line scaling method for fast response time and higher throughputs. Our proposed method reduces unnecessary network use, i.e. , we decrease the number of data copy by reusing the backup data. Also, our on-line scaling operation can be processed parallel by selecting adequate nodes as new node. Our performance study shows that our method results in significant reduction in data copy time.     

An improved R-tree based on childnode''s probability

R-Tree is a good structure for spatial searching. But in this indexing structure,either the sequence of nodes in the same level or sequence of traveling these nodes when queries are made is random. Since the possibility that the object appears in different MBR which have the same parents node is different, if we make the subnode who has the most possibility be traveled first, the time cost will be decreased in most of the cases. In some case, the possibility of a point belong to a rectangle will shows direct proportion with the size of the rectangle. But this conclusion is based on an assumption that the objects are symmetrically distributing in the area and this assumption is not always coming into existence. Now we found a more direct parameter to scale the possibility and made a little change on the structure of R-tree, to increase the possibility of founding the satisfying answer in the front sub trees. We names this structure probability based arranged R-tree (PBAR-tree).     

Integrating GIS Web services based on mediating architecture

The geographic information service is enabled by the advancements in general Web service technology and the focused efforts of the OGC in defining XML-based Web GIS service. Based on these models, this paper addresses the issue of services chaining,the process of combining or pipelining results from several interoperable GIS Web Services to create a customized solution. This paper presents a mediated chaining architecture in which a specific service takes responsibility for performing the process that describes a service chain. We designed the Spatial Information Process Language (SIPL) for dynamic modeling and describing the service chain, also a prototype of the Spatial Information Process Execution Engine (SIPEE) is implemented for executing processes written in SIPL. Discussion of measures to improve the functionality and performance of such system will be included.     

Tracking data management using topology of moving object database system for moving object constrained trajectory in LBS application

Advances in wireless technologies and positioning technologies and spread of wireless devices, an interest in LBS (Location Based Service) is arising. To provide location based service, tracking data should have been stored in moving object database management system (called MODBMS) with proper policies and managed efficiently. So the methods which acquire the location information at regular time intervals then, store and manage have been studied. In this paper, we suggest tracking data management techniques using topology that is corresponding to the moving path of moving object. In our techniques, we update the MODBMS when moving object arrived at a street intersection or a curved road which is represented as the node in topology and predict the location at past and future with attribute of topology and linear function. In this technique, location data that are corresponding to the node in topology are stored, thus reduce the number of update and amount of data. Also in case predicting the location,because topology are used as well as existing location information, accuracy for prediction is increased than applying linear function or spline function.