某高速公路水稳碎石质量控制新措施

某高速公路水泥稳定碎石基层从混合料组成设计到现场路面结构层施工采取了一系列的质量控制新措施,其中混合料组成设计级配采用骨架密实结构,试验方法中最大干密度、最佳含水量和无侧限抗压强度采用振动成型法取得,施工过程中采用立模铺筑;这些质量控制新措施的使用,提高了水泥稳定碎石结构层的路用性能,确保了某高速公路水泥稳定碎石基层的施工质量。     

基于正交设计的乳化沥青冷再生下面层力学特性分析

目的研究乳化沥青冷再生材料作为沥青路面下面层的力学特性,推荐合理结构参数.方法采用正交试验设计方法,运用ABAQUS有限元分析软件对不同路面结构进行模拟分析.结果当乳化沥青冷再生材料厚度大于10 cm,模量大于800M Pa;水泥稳定碎石厚度大于40 cm,模量大于1 600 M Pa;土基模量大于70 M Pa,沥青路面路表弯沉、AC-10面层最大剪应力和层底弯拉应力、乳化沥青冷再生下面层最大剪应力和层底弯拉应力等效果较好.结论在路面结构层参数合理的情况下,乳化沥青冷再生材料可以作为沥青路面下面层使用.     

低水泥剂量稳定级配碎石基层典型结构分析

目的找寻适应不同交通等级的合理的低水泥剂量基层沥青路面结构.方法拟定低水泥剂量级配碎石基层沥青路面结构,利用有限元软件计算以低水泥剂量稳定级配碎石取代半刚性基层后对弯沉、沥青层底拉应力等设计指标的影响,并结合交通荷载分析各结构层厚度组合合理性.结果轻交通等级下,推荐使用5 cm普通沥青混凝土面层+22 cm水泥质量分数为3%的低水泥剂量稳定级配碎石单基层;中交通等级下,推荐采用上基层厚度大于15 cm的水泥质量分数为2.5%的低水泥剂量稳定级配碎石,半刚性下基层厚度至少为20 cm结构组合形式;重交通等级下,推荐采用15 cm水泥质量分数为2.5%的低水泥剂量稳定级配碎石上基层和15 cm+20 cm半刚性双基层结构组合.结论在重、中交通荷载作用下,合理的低水泥剂量级配碎石基层能够在防治反射裂缝同时,较好地满足交通荷载需求.     

沥青路面结构力学响应的分层检测与分析

依托室内试槽水稳碎石基层沥青路面结构,应用分层检测分析方法逐层检测了路面结构层的竖向压应力、应变和弯沉,并采用双层弹性体系理论反算并验证了路面结构层的回弹模量.结果表明:土基回弹模量的微小变化对路面结构力学响应的影响可以忽略;各级荷载作用下,基层顶面的竖向压应力和面层层底压应变均随着荷载增大近似线性增加;养生后的水泥稳定碎石层以及沥青面层回弹模量可以被视为常数;双层弹性体系回弹模量反算方法合理可行,具有较高的准确性.在分层检测分析中,应尽量利用压应力测试数据,以获得较高的精度.     

级配碎石基层非线性对沥青路面结构受力的影响

目的基于级配碎石基层材料的非线性特征,研究级配碎石上基层沥青路面结构力学响应规律,进而为该种路面结构设计提供理论依据.方法通过ABAQUS有限元软件的二次开发,运用Fortran语言对级配碎石非线性本构模型进行编译,建立级配碎石上基层沥青路面结构的有限元模型.结果随级配碎石层和面层厚度的增加,级配碎石非线性沥青路面结构各结构层所受层底拉应力较级配碎石线弹性沥青路面结构都有所增加,路表弯沉变化不大.推荐在中等级交通下的面层厚度为7~15 cm,级配碎石层厚度为10~15 cm.结论应用该种路面结构时,考虑到级配碎石层非线性对该路面结构受力产生的不利影响,必须确定合理的级配碎石层和面层厚度.     

考虑层厚的路面弯沉修正系数研究

路表弯沉实测值与计算值之间常常存在较大偏差，需以弯沉综合修正系数调整．现行沥青路面设计规范中，弯沉综合修正系数F缺乏对路面结构层厚度的考虑，且存在“反常现象”，即随着土基模量的增大，设计厚度也增大的现象．通过现场试验路的测试分析，提出了新的F计算式，以反映F随不同路面结构层厚的变化规律，适应不同层厚的路面结构．     

基于弯沉比的水泥混凝土路面板底脱空识别方法

通过分析脱空产生和形成的机理以及板底脱空图式来确定脱空识别的研究方向．采用弹性地基板模型分析了落锤式弯沉仪（FWD）荷载作用下水泥混凝土路面的弯沉规律。回归得到了板角脱空范围与地基类型、地基刚度半径、路面板角弯沉比（FWD荷载作用于板角和板中时弯沉之比）之间的近似关系式,建立了通过比较实测弯沉比与理论弯沉比的水泥混凝土路面板底脱空的识别方法．工程实践表明,采用方法判别水泥混凝土路面板角脱空状况是可行的．     

公路工程路基、路面弯沉检测方法的分析和探讨

当前,由于交通运输量大幅提升,行车密度与车辆的载重也逐渐增加,路基及路面结构层的承载能力显得尤为重要.目前国内通常采用回弹弯沉值来表示路基、路面的承载能力,增加必要的施工过程中的弯沉检测是对路基、路面结构层承载能力是否合格的一种有效手段.回弹弯沉值越大,承载能力越小.通常的弯沉检测方法为贝克曼梁法、落锤式弯沉仪法.     

利用BP神经网络反算沥青路面结构层弹性模量的研究

 基于层状弹性理论,利用BP神经网络预测沥青路面结构层弹性模量。根据常用的路面结构形式,基于层状弹性理论构建路表弯沉值与结构层参数之间的数据库,并以此数据库建立沥青路面结构层弹性模量BP神经网络预测模型。对理论及实测弯沉盆进行结构层弹性模量预测效果检验,并对比分析计算弯沉盆与实测弯沉盆拟合程度。分析表明,建立的沥青路面结构层弹性模量BP神经网络模型具有较好的预测精度,为准确、快速地评价沥青路面结构层的使用状况提供了参考。     

基于宕渣路基的沥青路面结构力学性能研究

为研究宕渣路基对沥青路面结构层力学性能的影响,开展了不同试验条件的宕渣土石混合料循环压缩试验。基于弹性层状体系理论,选用合适的材料参数,通过ABAQUS软件建立典型的路面结构,分析了宕渣路基回弹模量(E_0)对路基顶面压应变(ε_C)、路表弯沉(Ls)、水稳基层厚度、层底拉应力(σ_t)的影响,以及E_0对超载作用下路面结构力学性能的影响。结果表明:含水率(w)对级配2的E_0的影响最小,建议采用级配2的宕渣土石混合料作为路基填筑材料,工程建议值为其平均值244 MPa。二次函数能较好地刻画w与E_0之间的关系;宕渣填筑路基可以显著提高E_0,改善路面结构的力学性能,L_s、σ_t、ε_C随着E_0的上升而逐渐下降;对数函数可以很好地刻画基层厚度与σ_t之间的关系。通过增加路基回弹模量可以适当缩减水稳基层厚度,减薄厚度的宕渣路基路面结构力学性能仍然优于普通路基沥青路面结构;通过增加路基回弹模量可以改善超载作用下路面结构的力学性能,宕渣填筑路基后L_s、σ_(t(面层))、σ_(t(底基层))、ε_C的减幅范围分别为23.31%～38.80%、4.99%～11.14%、20.70%～47.69%、32.40%～59.16%。     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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An on-line scaling method for improving scalability of a database cluster

The explosive growth of the Internet and database applications has driven database to be more scalable and available, and able to support on-line scaling without interrupting service. To support more client's queries without downtime and degrading the response time, more nodes have to be scaled up while the database is running. This paper presents the overview of scalable and available database that satisfies the above characteristics. And we propose a novel on-line scaling method. Our method improves the existing on-line scaling method for fast response time and higher throughputs. Our proposed method reduces unnecessary network use, i.e. , we decrease the number of data copy by reusing the backup data. Also, our on-line scaling operation can be processed parallel by selecting adequate nodes as new node. Our performance study shows that our method results in significant reduction in data copy time.     

An improved R-tree based on childnode''s probability

R-Tree is a good structure for spatial searching. But in this indexing structure,either the sequence of nodes in the same level or sequence of traveling these nodes when queries are made is random. Since the possibility that the object appears in different MBR which have the same parents node is different, if we make the subnode who has the most possibility be traveled first, the time cost will be decreased in most of the cases. In some case, the possibility of a point belong to a rectangle will shows direct proportion with the size of the rectangle. But this conclusion is based on an assumption that the objects are symmetrically distributing in the area and this assumption is not always coming into existence. Now we found a more direct parameter to scale the possibility and made a little change on the structure of R-tree, to increase the possibility of founding the satisfying answer in the front sub trees. We names this structure probability based arranged R-tree (PBAR-tree).     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Integrating GIS Web services based on mediating architecture

The geographic information service is enabled by the advancements in general Web service technology and the focused efforts of the OGC in defining XML-based Web GIS service. Based on these models, this paper addresses the issue of services chaining,the process of combining or pipelining results from several interoperable GIS Web Services to create a customized solution. This paper presents a mediated chaining architecture in which a specific service takes responsibility for performing the process that describes a service chain. We designed the Spatial Information Process Language (SIPL) for dynamic modeling and describing the service chain, also a prototype of the Spatial Information Process Execution Engine (SIPEE) is implemented for executing processes written in SIPL. Discussion of measures to improve the functionality and performance of such system will be included.