宽翅曲背蝗染色体核型研究

用常规染色体制片法对宽翅曲背蝗Paracyptera microptera meridionalis（Ikonn.）染色体核型进行分析,结果表明：宽翅曲背蝗的性别决定机制XO型,染色体数目为2n（♂）=23=22＋X;染色体组式为3L＋7M＋1S＋X;染色体核型2n（♂）=23=7m＋2sm＋3t;染色体臂数为NF=41。     

贵州蝗总科5种蝗虫的核型

研究了贵州蝗总科(Acridoidca)的梭蝗(Tristriapisciforme),僧帽佛蝗(Phlaeobainfumata),花胫绿纹蝗(Alolopusthalassinustamulus),东方凸额蝗(Tranliaorientalisorientalis)和中华剑角蝗(中华蚱蜢)(Acridacinerea)等5种蝗虫的核型。结果显示:5种蝗虫的染色体数目均为2n(♂)=22 XO=23,全部是端部着丝粒染色体,核型公式:2n(♂)=2X=23t;NF=23;按相对长度都可分成L、M、S3组,梭蝗、僧帽佛蝗和花胫绿纹蝗为“4C“核型,东方凸额蝗和中华剑角蝗为“4B“核型。     

贵州四种稻蝗核型和C带的比较研究

研究了贵州小稻蝗（Oxya hyia-intricata）,山稻蝗（O．agarisa）,中华稻蝗（O．chinensis）扣上海稻蝗（O．shanghaiensis）等4种稻蝗的核型扣C带。结果显示：4种稻蝗的染色体数目均为2n（♂）=22＋XO=23,全部是端部着丝粒染色体;核型公式：2n（♂）=2X=23t;NF=23;都可按相对长度分成L、M、S3组;都具着丝粒C带,但端带和居间带不是每种每条染色体都有;异染色质总量是山稻蝗的（22．01％）最多,上海稻蝗的（20．13％）最少。     

贵州蝗总科5种蝗虫的核型和C—带

研究了贵州斑腿蝗科(Catantopidae)的云贵希蝗(Shirakiacris yunkweiensis),中华越北蝗(Tonkinacris sinen-sis),中华板胸蝗(Spathosternum prasiniferum sinense)和网翅蝗科(Areypteridae)的青脊竹蝗(Ceracris nigricornis nig-ricornis)以及斑翅蝗科(O edipodidae)的疣蝗(Trilophida annulata)等5种蝗虫的核型和C—带。结果显示:5种蝗虫的染色体数目均为2n(♂)=22+x0=23,全部是端部着丝粒染色体;核型公式:2n(♂)=2x=23 t:NF=23;按相对长度,除中华越北蝗分为L、M两组外,其余4种都可分为L、M、S3组;都具着丝粒C—带,但端带和居间带不是每种每条染色体都有;异染色质总量是中华越北蝗的(27.48%)最多,青脊竹蝗的(19.13%)最少。     

广西宜州市两种竹蝗的染色体C带核型研究（蝗总科：网翅蝗科）

对分布在广西宜州市的竹蝗属CeracrisWalker两个种青脊竹蝗C．nigricornis nigricomis Walker和黑翅竹蝗C.fasciata fasciata(Brunner v，Wattenwgl)的核型和C带核型进行了研究。结果表明：在染色体数目上、性别决定机制、染色体是端部着丝粒染色体和染色体都含有着丝粒C带带纹上具有一致性。染色体组式也相同，为3L 7M 1S X，但X染色体位置有着差异，两个种的C带带纹除着丝粒C带分布具有一致性外，其它类型的C带数量及分布都有着明显区别，2个种的异染色质含量差别也较大。     

云斑车蝗绿色个体和褐色个体的核型和C-带

研究了云斑蝗(Gastrimargus marmoratus)绿色个体和褐色个体的核型和C-带。结果显示：2种体色个体的染色体数目均为2n(♂)：22 XO=23,全部是端部着丝粒染色体;核型公式：2n(♂)：2X=23t;NF=23;都可按相对长度分成L、M、S3组;都具着丝粒C带,异染色质总量是：绿色个体为16．31％;褐色个体为14．84％。     

云斑车蝗核型和C-带的研究

研究了云斑车蝗 (Gastrimargusmaroratusthunberg 1815 )的核型和C一带。结果表明 :云斑车蝗的染色体数目 :2n(♂ ) =2 2 +xO =2 3,全部为端部着丝粒染色体 ;核型公式 :2n(♂ ) =2x =2 3t,NF =2 3。按相对长度云斑车蝗染色体可分成L、M、S3组。除所有染色体均有明显的着丝粒带外 ,X染色体还有端带。最长与最短染色体之比为 3 81∶1,臂比大于 2∶1的染色体在染色体组中的比例为 1。云斑车蝗的核型属“4B”核型。     

贵州2种负蝗核型和C—带的比较研究

研究了短额负蝗AtractomorphasinensisI .Bol.和云南负蝗AtractomorphayunnanensisBietXia的核型和C—带。结果表明 :2种负蝗的染色体数目均为 2n(♂ ) =18+XO =19,全部为端部着丝粒染色体 :核型公式 2n(♂ ) =2X =19t ,NF =19,都属“4B”核型 ,按相对长度 ,它们的染色体都可分成L ,M 2组 ,都具有着丝粒C带。云南负蝗后期Ⅰ染色体组绝对长度总和 (4 9 91± 0 37μm)比短额负蝗的 (4 2 5 0± 0 34 μm)长 ;但结构异染色质总量 (2 8 38± 0 2 2 % )却比短额负蝗的 (38 96± 0 16 % )少。     

六种蝗虫基因组DNA多态性的RAPD标记研究

运用随机扩增多态 DNA技术对斑翅蝗科 Oedipodidae中三属六种蝗虫基因组DNA进行了多态性比较 ,共扩增出 2 2条特异性片断 ,分子量大小为 650～ 1 990 bp之间 ,并根据各种间片段共享度构建了 UPG聚类关系图 .研究结果表明 ,大垫尖翅蝗和甘蒙尖翅蝗的片段共享度为 0 .375;红翅皱膝蝗和鼓翅皱膝蝗的片段共享度为 0 .2 86;亚洲小车蝗和黄胫小车蝗的片段共享度也为 0 .2 86     

中国网翅蝗科二新种记述（直翅目：蝗总科）

记述采自陕西及西藏地区网翅蝗科蝗虫二新种,即秦岭异爪蝗Euchorthippus qinlingensis sp.nov.及黑膝雏蝗Chorthippus fusigeniculatus sp.nov..秦岭异爪蝗近似于邱氏异爪蝗Euchorthippus cheui及绿异爪蝗Euchorthippus hebaceus,其区别于二者为：1）前翅缘前脉域具闰脉;2）前翅中脉域与肘脉域等宽;3）雄性尾须细长弯曲,超过肛上板顶端;4）雄性下生殖板长锥形,顶圆;5）后足股节上膝侧片黑色;而又区别于邱氏异爪蝗为：1）前胸背板沟前区侧隆线略弯曲;2）不具宽的黑色眼后带;而又区别于绿异爪蝗为雌性前翅前缘脉域具一白色纵纹.黑膝雏蝗近似于呼城雏蝗Chorthippus huchengensis及郑氏雏蝗Chorthippus zhengi,其区别于二者为：1）前胸背板侧隆线间最宽处为最狭处宽的2.4倍;2）雄性中胸腹板侧叶间中隔最狭处宽为长的1.6倍;3）雄性前翅中脉域宽为肘脉域宽的6倍;而又区别于郑氏雏蝗为：1）前胸背板沟前区与沟后区等长;2）后足股节膝部黑色.模式标本保存于陕西师范大学动物研究所昆虫标本室.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.