双掺粉煤灰-矿渣水泥砂浆动态力学性能试验研究

为了研究粉煤灰与矿渣对水泥砂浆动态力学性能的影响,用粉煤灰与矿渣替代40%的胶凝材料,其中矿渣掺量分别为0%、10%、20%、30%、40%,采用φ50 mm的分离式霍普金森压杆(SHPB)试验装置,对各组砂浆进行四种加载气压的冲击压缩试验,并测试砂浆的静态抗压强度。对不同冲击气压下的应力-应变曲线、动态强度增长因子(DIF)和破坏形态进行分析。结果表明：随着矿渣掺量的增加,砂浆的静动态抗压强度均随之增大,掺量为30%-40%时已接近甚至超过对照组砂浆,但动态抗压强度提升幅度有减缓趋势；相同矿渣掺量下,砂浆的动态峰值应力、动态峰值应变、平均应变率和极限韧性均与冲击荷载大小呈正相关,有明显的应变率效应；平均应变率在91.15 s-1^～158.34 s-1^时,掺30%-40%矿渣砂浆的动态抗压强度和DIF均高于对照组；冲击气压越大,砂浆破坏程度越高,掺30%-40%矿渣砂浆的碎块数量更少、尺寸更大。因此掺30%-40%矿渣砂浆具有更优越的抗冲击性能,这为工业废料的合理利用提供了一定参考价值。     

动载下高浓度全尾砂胶结充填体的力学特性

为了研究动载下高浓度全尾砂胶结充填体(HTB)的力学性能,制备直径×长度为50 mm×25 mm的HTB试件,通过静态单轴压缩试验和分离式霍普金森杆(SHPB)单轴冲击试验,对试件的动静荷载下的力学性质进行比较,研究试件动态抗压强度、动态应变、强度增强因子、比能量吸收与平均应变率之间的关系。研究结果表明:HTB试件对弹性波传播有较强的阻尼作用;HTB试件临界破坏的平均应变率为103 s-1,最大应变率可达265 s-1;随着应变率增大,试件的动态抗压强度、动态强度增长因子、峰值应变随之增大,应变率越高,达到峰值强度历时越短;动载下HTB试件出现1~2次破坏-压实过程;在低应变率下,试件沿轴向呈现脆性劈裂破坏,在高应变率下,破坏形式为压碎破坏;随着入射能量增大,反射能、试块吸收能量及比能量吸收均呈线性增长趋势,由于波阻抗效应,透射能较小,试块具有较强的吸收和反射能特性。     

砂岩和花岗岩的动态性能与能量耗散分析

利用直径100mm的分离式霍普金森压杆（SHPB）试验装置,对砂岩和花岗岩在应变率49~97s-1下进行了冲击压缩试验,对比分析了两种材料的动态力学特性和破坏形态.结果表明:两种材料的动态抗压强度,破坏程度和能量吸收随应变率的增大而增大,而花岗岩的能量耗散率则随着应变率增大而逐渐减少,呈现出较强的应变率相关性;初始弹性模量、峰值应变和砂岩的能量耗散率在3种应变率下的差别不大,应变率敏感性较弱.分析加载过程中两种试件能量吸收和耗散率的曲线,并从微观结构的角度对其动态破坏形态进行归纳分析.通过试验有效性的验证,证明试验较好地满足了均匀性假定.      

低掺量粉煤灰基地聚物胶凝材料性能试验研究

为了研究粉煤灰基地聚物胶凝材料的组成对其性能的影响,对C类粉煤灰分别掺入少量（质量分数小于17%）偏高岭土和矿渣粉后,进行了两种地聚物胶砂试块的力学性能试验研究,并与相同配比、相同制作养护条件下的普通硅酸盐水泥胶砂试块进行了比较.试验结果表明：纯粉煤灰（C类）地聚物胶凝材料强度低于P.O 42.5水泥;当外掺料质量分数大于17%时,粉煤灰基地聚物胶凝材料强度超过同龄期（14 d）的水泥;掺入矿渣粉的粉煤灰基地聚物抗压强度高于掺入等量偏高岭土的粉煤灰基地聚物.     

反映温度历程的掺粉煤灰水工混凝土抗压强度模型探讨

由于综合考虑温度历程、养护龄期以及粉煤灰掺量对混凝土抗压强度影响的模型研究相对偏少,因此本文基于正交设计法开展了不同养护温度(5℃、20℃、35℃)、养护龄期(7 d、14 d、28 d)和粉煤灰掺量(0%、15%、35%)下的水工混凝土抗压强度试验,并分析3种影响因素对混凝土抗压强度发展的规律,进而基于等效龄期理论建立了反映温度历程的掺粉煤灰水工混凝土抗压强度模型.试验结果分析表明,混凝土早龄期抗压强度随养护龄期的增加而增加,养护温度越高、粉煤灰掺量越小,强度发展越快;粉煤灰掺量是影响强度的主要因素,养护温度次之,养护龄期影响最小;所建的组合指数式模型能够较准确预测不同温度历程下粉煤灰混凝土的早期抗压强度,为粉煤灰混凝土的优化设计提供依据.     

冲击载荷作用下砂岩的动力学特性及能耗规律

采用分离式霍普金森(SHPB)压杆装置对砂岩进行动态冲击压缩试验,通过不同的加载气压实现不同应变率条件下对煤矿区的砂岩进行冲击压缩,以此来分析煤矿区砂岩的动力学特性以及能量损耗规律。根据试验结果分析可得,应力-应变曲线反映出砂岩的动态弹性模量及峰值应力都表现出明显的应变率效应,动态压缩强度表现出很强的应变率效应,两者之间呈现线性关系;在动态冲击压缩中,动态抗压强度高于静态抗压强度,通过动态强度增长因子DIF可以反映岩石在动载条件下的强度指标;随着应变率的增大,砂岩试样单位体积吸收破碎耗能增加,试样破坏更严重,破坏程度与单位体积破碎耗能之间形成很好的对应关系。同时借助SEM扫描电镜分析冲击压缩后试样微观条件下的破坏模式,结合宏观上的破坏形态共同分析岩石的损伤特性。     

粉煤灰与应力水平对混凝土渗透性的影响

通过氯离子加速渗透试验,测定阳极溶液中氯离子浓度,分析了粉煤灰掺量、应力水平和渗透时间的关系.结果表明:养护至28 d的未加载混凝土中,粉煤灰掺量越大,混凝土氯离子渗透性越高;较长养护龄期的粉煤灰混凝土的氯离子渗透性均比相应养护至28 d粉煤灰混凝土的氯离子渗透性有所降低;施加5次0.4fcy(轴心抗压强度)重复应力后,氯离子渗透的非稳定阶段显著缩短,粉煤灰混凝土的氯离子渗透性增大;施加5次0.8fcy重复应力后,粉煤灰混凝土的氯离子渗透性进一步增大.粉煤灰混凝土强度等级设计的龄期采用相对较长龄期为宜.     

骨料粒径及砂率对自密实混凝土力学性能的影响

为了研究骨料粒径及砂率对自密实混凝土力学性能的影响,采用控制变量法,开展了以骨料粒径、砂率及养护龄期为变量的抗压强度及抗折强度试验研究.结果 表明自密实混凝土的抗压强度随养护龄期的增长逐渐增大,前期强度增长速率快,7d抗压强度为28d抗压强度的56.1％～83.1％;抗压强度及抗折强度随细度模数的增大逐渐增大,随砂率的增大逐渐减小,随粒径为5～ 10mm粗骨料含量的减少,10～ 20mm粗骨料含量的增多,7d、14d抗压强度不断减小,28d抗压强度及抗折强度先减小后增大;粗骨料粒径对折压比有显著影响,细度模数次之,砂率的影响较小.拟合得到了不同骨料粒径及砂率的自密实混凝土抗折强度与抗压强度关系式.     

粉煤灰混凝土早期强度的现场调查与试验研究

采用试验研究和现场调查相结合的方法,研究粉煤灰混凝土早期强度的时变规律和影响因素,分析养护时间对粉煤灰混凝土抗压强度时变规律的影响,对比28d标准养护试块强度、同条件养护试块强度和实际结构强度三者的异同及不同构件类型的实际结构强度增长的差异。结果表明:(a)粉煤灰混凝土的后期强度随粉煤灰掺量的增加而增大;(b)粉煤灰混凝土的后期强度随着养护时间的延长而明显增大;(c)龄期为28d的粉煤灰混凝土,同条件养护试块的强度最高,标准养护试块的强度次之,实际构件的强度最低。     

恒低温养护对全轻聚丙烯纤维混凝土力学性能的影响

为了探讨恒低温养护温度、龄期对全轻聚丙烯纤维混凝土(all-lightweight concrete,ALWC)力学性能的影响,以LC30级为例,对混凝土在恒低温下养护至目标龄期后,分别进行抗压强度、轴心抗压强度、劈拉强度、弹性模量、应力-应变曲线试验,分析其一般力学性能随养护温度、龄期的变化规律。结果表明,随着养护温度升高和龄期增长,混凝土的特征强度和弹性模量均得到不同程度提高;养护温度低于-20℃时,特征强度损失50%以上;应力-应变曲线上随峰值应力的增大,峰值应变的增幅逐渐减小。其次,给出了各种特征强度与养护温度和龄期之间的相互关系式。     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

Perspherical Approaches for Electrons in Atoms and Charged Excitons in Quantum Wells

Instead of following Fock’s expansion,we solve the Schrodinger equation for some quantum mechanical manybody systems such as electrons in atoms and charged excitons in quantum wells in a similar way in hyperspherical coordinates by expanding the wave functions into orthonormal complete basis sets of the hyperspherical hannonics(HHs)of hyperangles and generalized Laguerre polynomials(GLPs)of the hyperradius.This leads the equation to     

Advances in broadband wireless communications under high-mobility scenarios

Future mobile communication systems aim at providing very high data transmission rates, even in high-mobility scenarios such as high-speed wheel-track trains, maglev trains, highway vehicles, airplanes, guided missiles or spacecraft. A particularly important commercial application is the strong and increasing worldwide demand for high- speed broadband wireless communications （up to 574.8 km/ h test speeds or 380 km/h commercial speeds） in railways, providing data, voice and video services for applications such as onboard entertainment services to passengers, train control, train dispatch, train sensor status handling and sur- veillance. In such high-mobility scenarios, there are a number of communication challenges, including fast hand- over, location updating, high-speed channel modeling, estimation and equalization, anti-Doppler spreading tech- niques, fast power control, and dedicated network architec- ture. Because signal transmission in very high-speed scenarios will inevitably experience serious deterioration, it is imperative to develop key broadband mobile communi- cation techniques for such high-speed vehicles.     

Wuhan University Journal of Natural Sciences TOTAL CONTENTS

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海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Scale-based spatial data model for GIS

Being the primary media of geographical information and the elementary objects manipulated, almost all of maps adopt the layer-based model to represent geographic information in the existent GIS. However, it is difficult to extend the map represented in layer-based model. Furthermore, in Web-Based GIS, It is slow to transmit the spatial data for map viewing. In this paper, for solving the questions above, we have proposed a new method for representing the spatial data. That is scale-based model. In this model we represent maps in three levels: scale-view, block, and spatial object, and organize the maps in a set of map layers, named Scale-View, which associates some given scales.Lastly, a prototype Web-Based GIS using the proposed spatial data representation is described briefly.     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to