带节能砌体填充墙的RC框架抗震试验研究

为了研究带节能砌体填充墙的RC框架抗震性能,本试验设计了两个两层单跨的RC框架结构模型,分别为带填充墙的RC框架和不带填充墙的空框架,并对其进行了拟静力试验.对带填充墙的RC框架的裂缝开展进行了描述,研究了试件的滞回特性、骨架曲线、刚度退化和强度退化,并和空框架进行了对比分析.分析结果表明:填充墙能够提高框架的承载能力和抗侧刚度,但是相应地降低了框架结构的延性;填充墙的存在使得框架结构的强度和刚度退化加快,然而,带填充墙框架的极限刚度仍然较大,表现出较强的抗倒塌能力.     

带砌体填充墙的钢筋混凝土框架受力性能分析

将框架高与宽的比值及梁与柱惯性矩的比值作为试验参数 ,测试了 2 1个有砖填充墙的一层一跨钢筋混凝土框架在平面内的对角荷载作用下的受力性能 ,同时测试了 3个相似的试件在水平荷载作用下的性能 .试验结果表明 ,有填充墙的钢筋混凝土框架受力性能具有 3个明显阶段 :从加载到混凝土开裂的线性阶段 ;开裂后阶段及极限破坏阶段 .根据分析试验结果 ,建立了分析模型 ,并提供了开裂、极限荷载的计算公式     

含填充墙钢管混凝土框架抗震性能

为了解决含填充墙钢管混凝土框架结构的抗震性能,通过对两榀单跨两层带填充墙矩形钢管混凝土框架进行水平低周反复加载试验,深入研究了此种结构的承载能力、延性、耗能能力以及破坏机制;研究结果表明:带填充墙矩形钢管混凝土框架结构滞回曲线饱满.耗能能力强,有较稳定的后期承载力,具有良好的抗震性能.此种结构有进一步研究和在实践中推广应用的价值.     

方钢管混凝土框架滞回性能试验与理论研究

为了研究方钢管混凝土结构的抗震性能，基于一榀三层两跨方钢管混凝土框架的拟静力试验，分析了反复水平荷载作用下框架的滞回曲线，并根据滞回曲线进一步得出了框架顶层骨架曲线及相应的恢复力模型，研究了钢管混凝土框架的延性、强度与刚度的退化等性能．采用非线性有限元分析方法，将恢复力模型应用到混凝土弹性模量退化方程中，并对试验结果进行了计算模拟．结果证明，理论分析结果与试验结果吻合较好．     

填充墙对SRC-RC竖向混合框架结构抗震性能的影响

目的研究填充墙的布置对SRC-RC竖向混合框架结构抗震性能的影响,为结构设计提供参考.方法利用SAP2000对6种不同填充墙布置模型的静力弹塑性分析,即填充墙框架的Pushover曲线、承载力、延性、破坏机制以及性能点处的层间位移角.结果填充墙的不同布置改变了框架结构的刚度、内力分布和塑性铰破坏机制,填充墙满布以及底部无填充墙的层数小于转换层的SRC-RC竖向混合框架结构具有较好的抗震性能,其基底承载是无填充墙框架的2~5倍,延性系数降低,但在结构成为机构体系前,结构的塑性铰多且较为均匀,能够耗散罕遇地震释放的大量能量;转换层以上布置填充墙的结构基底承载力为无填充墙框架的1.2~1.5倍,在罕遇地震时塑性铰集中分布在底部无填充墙框架层,容易在转换层形成薄弱层.结论满布填充墙的SRC-RC竖向混合框架结构具有良好的抗震性能和抗倒塌性能;对于由于建筑需要底部无填充墙布置的SRC-RC竖向混合填充墙框架结构,底部无填充墙布置的层数宜小于转换层数.     

基于多点约束的多尺度混合试验界面连接方法与验证试验

针对现有计算单元难以精确模拟结构局部复杂力学特性的问题,提出一种集成试验单元的多尺度混合模型构建方法.在不损失界面自由度的前提下,利用多点约束法实现了ABAQUS多尺度壳单元和实体单元分别与单柱试验单元的界面连接;基于Open Fresco平台,以底层中柱为试验单元进行了两层两跨平面钢框架的多尺度抗震混合试验,与有限元对比分析表明:多点约束法能够有效地实现不同尺度单元间的边界变形协调;试验单元能够真实直接地模拟结构重要部位的受力特性;在满足工程应用精度的前提下多尺度混合模型能够节约计算资源和时间,为改进结构抗震分析可靠性提供了新的研究手段.     

多跨多层框架分析的状态变量传递法

取柱端位移和对应的柱端力作为状态变量,利用传递矩阵和逐段分析的方法来分析多跨多层框架。文章取框架的每一层作为一个单元,建立基本单元端部的状态变量到相邻单元端部状态变量之间的转换关系。分析过程中,框架层数的增加仅增加矩阵相乘的次数,而待求的基本未知量的数目始终保持不变,从而提高了计算机分析问题的能力     

基于IPv6的通信网络多信道协作路由跨层控制系统

针对因IP分配受限而造成的电力通信传输延时与信道冲撞等问题，设计了基于IPv6的电力通信网多信道协作路由跨层控制系统(跨层控制系统).系统硬件部分通过IPv6技术建立通信协议栈，并利用数据库、处理器和控制器等设备实现跨层控制.软件部分利用协议栈生成的信息搭建路由控制系统，并借助多蚁群优化算法寻找电力通信网中多信道协作的最佳通信路径，实现电力通信网多信道协作路由跨层控制.将多蚁群-跨层控制算法与蚁群算法、牛顿算法进行对比实验，结果表明，多蚁群-跨层控制算法延时保持在0.03 s左右，当任务数量小于100时没有出现节点冲撞现象，吞吐量大于520 MB/s,说明系统具有较优的路由跨层控制效果.     

混凝土小型空心砌块框架填充墙裂缝机理分析及控制措施

目前,混凝土小型空心砌块被大量应用于框架填充墙中,因其收缩性较大,所引起的墙体裂缝问题越来越受关注,也影响着非黏土墙材的进一步推广.针对这一问题,利用有限元的方法对框架填充墙进行裂缝机理研究分析,得到单层单跨不同构造措施填充墙的裂缝的初始形成位置及其开展情况,比较了各种构造措施对框架填充墙抗裂性能的提高情况,最后结合分析结果对裂缝的控制提出了一些建议.     

基于OpenSees的填充墙RC框架结构数值模型

基于Open Sees软件建立填充墙RC框架结构数值模型,钢筋混凝土梁柱单元采用集中塑性单元,其中梁柱中部采用弹性梁柱单元,梁柱端部采用零长度弹簧单元来模拟塑性铰,采用改进的Ibarra-Medina-Krawinkler退化模型模拟塑性铰的非线性,采用两对等效角撑模型(仅受压)模拟填充墙,采用Ibarra-Medina-Krawinkler退化模型模拟填充墙的非线性,建立了填充墙RC框架结构的非线性数值模型,与单层单跨填充墙RC框架试件的低周反复加载试验结果进行对比分析,验证了建立的填充墙RC框架结构数值模型的正确性,为建立填充墙RC框架结构的抗地震倒塌能力评估研究奠定基础。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.