Mn掺杂对Fe81Al19合金磁致伸缩和输运性质的影响

为改善并提高Fe-Al磁致伸缩合金的性能, 熔炼制备Fe_81-xMn_xAl₁₉(x=0~24)系列合金多晶块体, 并研究Mn元素掺杂替代对Fe₈₁Al₁₉合金的结构、 磁性、 磁致伸缩及输运性质的影响.  结果表明: Fe_81-xMn_xAl₁₉系列合金的磁致伸缩系数随Mn元素质量分数的增加而降低, 这是由生成有序第二相和磁能积密度降低所致; Mn元素掺杂提高了Fe-Al多晶合金的电阻率和Fe\|Al磁致伸缩合金的交流频率使用范围; Mn元素掺杂替代降低了Fe-Al多晶合金的各向异性, 提高了低场磁致伸缩效应.     

INFLUENCE OF HEAT TREATMENT ON THE COMPRESSIVE STRESS EFFECT OF MAGNETOSTRICTION OF <112> AXIAL ALIGNED Tb-Dy-Fe ALLOYS

The magnetostrictive properties of <112> axial aligned Tb_0.3Dy_0.7(Fe_1-xM_x)_1.95(M=Mn, Al, x=0~0.15) alloys prepared by directional solidification are reported. The influence of heat treatment on microstructure and the compressive stress effect of magnetostriction is discussed.     

Effects of yttrium on the formation and magnetic properties of bulk metallic glassy (Fe,Co)-B-Si-Nb alloys

The bulk metallic glassy (BMG) rods of [(Fe_0.5Co_0.5)_0.72B_0.192Si_0.048Nb_0.04]_100-xY_x (x=0-6) and [(Fe_xCo_1-x)_0.72B_0.192Si_0.048Nb_0.04]₉₆Y₄ (x=0.5-0.8) were prepared by copper mold casting. The structure, thermal stability, and magnetic properties of the samples were studied by X-ray diffraction (XRD), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM). Adding 1at% to 6at% of yttrium, the bulk glassy alloy rods of [(Fe_0.5Co_0.5)_0.72B_0.192Si_0.048Nb_0.04]_100-xY_x(x=0-6) with the diameter of 3 mm were not formed, and the sample with 4at% of yttrium showed less crystalline phase than others. When the Fe/Co atomic ratio was between 5:5 and 7:3, the bulk glassy alloy rods of [(Fe_1-xCo_x)_0.72B_0.192Si_0.048Nb_0.04]₉₆Y₄ (x=0.5-0.8) with the diameter of 2 mm were fabricated. In the (Fe, Co)-B-Si-Nb-Y BMGs, when the Fe content increased, the thermal stability, the supercooled liquid region, and the glass-forming ability (GFA) decreased, but the saturation magnetization (M_s) increased.     

应力导致的Fe2CrGe从反铁磁基态到铁磁半金属相变的计算研究

运用第一性原理计算研究了惠斯勒(Heusler)合金Fe₂CrGe的电子结构和磁性质,发现其基态是Fe离子处于低自旋态(S=0),而Cr离子处于高自旋态(S=1)的反铁磁金属相,反铁磁态能量比铁磁态能量约低0.103 eV.此外还发现,如果施加+1.7%和–1.7%的应变, Fe₂CrGe会从反铁磁有序变成铁磁有序,并出现半金属特性;当应变达到±5%时,出现了大约0.2 eV的半金属能隙.通过平均场理论估算了Fe₂CrGe的居里(Curie)温度,发现其对应的居里温度为393 K,远高于室温.这表明Fe₂CrGe是有潜力的自旋电子材料.     

Co离子掺杂La2Ti2-xCoxO7的室温多铁性

通过向传统铁电材料La₂Ti₂O₇中引入磁性Co离子,成功制备出了新型室温多铁材料La₂Ti_2-xCo_xO₇(x=0、0.03、0.05、0.07)。测试结果表明,所有样品均为单相晶体结构,在x射线探测范围内无第二相杂质出现。适当浓度的磁性Co离子掺杂不仅可有效提高材料的饱和铁磁磁化强度,还可有效降低体系漏电流,提高La₂Ti₂O₇绝缘性,进而改善La₂Ti_2-xCo_xO₇铁电性和多铁性。对La₂Ti_2-xCo_xO₇等样品的顺磁、反铁磁和铁磁等复杂磁相互作用的微观机理进行了探讨。铁磁性的产生被认为与氧空位和过渡金属离子3d电子自旋之间的交换耦合作用有关。而对未掺杂的La₂Ti...     

全d族Ni–(Co)–Mn–Cu–Ti合金马氏体相变、力学性能和磁性能的第一性原理计算

全 d 族 Ni–Mn–Ti 基 Heusler 合金作为一种新型的智能材料,因其丰富的物理性质被广泛关注。与传统 Ni–Mn 基合金不同,Ni–Mn–Ti 基 Heusler 合金的d–d轨道杂化取代p–d 轨道杂化,提高了合金的塑韧性,解决了传统Ni–Mn 基合金固有脆性大、力学性能差的问题。由于卓越的机械性能和相变过程中较高的熵变,Ni–Mn–Ti 基合金在超弹性和弹热制冷方面具有广阔的研究前景。Cu掺杂和Cu–Co共掺Ni–Mn–Ti 合金的研究很少,本文旨在为Ni–Mn–Ti 基合金的成分设计提供理论支持。本文通过第一性原理计算对Ni₂Mn_1.5?xCu_xTi_0.5 (x = 0.125, 0.25, 0.375, 0.5) 和 Ni_2?yCo_yMn_1.5?xCu_xTi_0.5 [(x = 0.125, y = 0.125, 0.25, 0.375, 0.5) 和 (x = 0.125, 0.25, 0.375, y = 0.625)]合金系的马氏体相变,力学性能和磁性能进行了系统研究。Ni–(Co)–Mn–Cu–Ti合金马氏体的形成能始终低于奥氏体的形成能,表明合金均能发生马氏体相变。Ni₂Mn_1.5?xCu_xTi_0.5 和 Ni_2?yCo_yMn_1.5?xCu_xTi_0.5 (y < 0.625)合金的奥氏体和非调制马氏体都是反铁磁态的,当y = 0.625时, Ni_2?yCo_yMn_1.5?xCu_xTi_0.5合金的奥氏体由反铁磁态转变为铁磁态,而马氏体保持反铁磁态,马氏体相变时合金会伴随磁性的突变,即发生磁—结构耦合现象,这是合金具有磁热效应的物理基础。掺Cu能降低Ni–(Co)–Mn–Ti合金的热滞后和各向异性。提高Mn的含量并且降低Ti的含量能提高Ni–Mn–Cu–Ti合金抗剪切和抗正应力的能力,但会降低韧性。就延展性而言,Ni–Mn–Cu–Ti 和 Ni–Co–Mn–Ti合金强于Cu–Co共掺合金。     

Synthesis and optical properties of turquoise- and green-colored brownmillerite- type Ba2In2-x-yMnxAlyO5+x codoped with manganese and aluminum

Brownmillerite-type oxides Ba₂In_2-x-yMn_xAl_yO_5+x (0 ≤ x ≤ 0.6, 0 ≤ y ≤ 0.5) were prepared at 1300°C through solid-state reaction. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis showed that the structure symmetry evolved from orthorhombic to cubic with increasing Mn and Al contents. When y was greater than 0.3, peaks associated with small amounts of BaAl₂O₄ and Ba₂InAlO₅ impurities were observed in the XRD patterns. When substituted with a small amount of Mn (x ≤ 0.3), the Ba₂In_2-x-yMn_xAl_yO_5+x samples exhibited an intense turquoise color. The color changed to green and dark-green with increasing Mn concentration. UV–vis absorbance spectra revealed that the color changed only slightly upon Al doping. The valence state of Mn ions in Ba₂In_2-x-yMn_xAl_yO_5+x was confirmed to be +5 on the basis of X-ray photoelectron spectroscopic analysis. According to this analysis, the intense turquoise color of the Ba₂In_2-x-yMn_xAl_yO_5+x samples is rooted in the existence of Mn5+; thus, the introduction of Al does not affect the optical properties of the compounds.     

Cr1-xPx合金的结构与磁性

采用固相烧结法制备了Cr_1-xP_x（x=0.01～0.1）系列合金，系统研究了其成分、晶体结构、磁性和磁相变的相互影响关系。同时用熔炼法制备Cr_1-xSi_x合金进行对比。粉末X射线衍射和SEM/EDX实验结果表明，当x<0.03时，Cr_1-xP_x系列合金为单相性较好的立方结构（空间群为Im-3m）。Cr_1-xP_x系列合金的固溶度约为3%，大于3%时Cr-P以析出相（Cr₃P）的形式存在。磁性和DSC测量表征奈尔温度、热滞和磁相变的结果表明，掺杂少量P元素使Cr_1-xP_x系列合金的奈尔温度降低。Cr_0.98P_0.02和Cr_0.985Si_0.015合金具有反铁磁-顺磁的磁相变，伴随着热滞，具有一级相变的特征。     

浓磁半导体材料的制备、磁性和自旋极化的输运

成功制备出过渡金属元素含量高的Zn_1-xCo_xO、Ti_1-xCo_xO₂、(In_1-xCo_x)2O3铁磁半导体(浓磁半导),发现这些氧化物浓磁半导体具有高于室温的居里温度、高自旋极化率、巨磁光克尔效应等优良材料特性。还对浓磁半导的输运性质进行了系统的实验和理论研究,提出了自旋依赖的电子变程跃迁理论模型。这些用新方法制备的氧化物浓磁半导体,不同于常规的稀磁半导体,有望成为高效自旋注入源和半透明磁光新材料。     

Cu1-x Cox InTe2稀磁半导体的制备及磁学、光学性质

采用真空电弧熔炼技术制备Cu_1-xCo_xInTe₂(Co元素掺杂比x=0, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3)稀磁半导体。利用X射线衍射仪(XRD)、振动样品磁强计(VSM)和紫外可见近红外分光光度计(UV-Vis-NIR)分别表征样品的晶体结构、磁学性质和光学性质。研究表明:4种稀磁半导体中主相均为Cu_1-xCo_xInTe₂,具有四方结构,空间群为I42d。掺杂的Co原子与Cu原子共同占据4a(0, 0, 0)晶位,In原子占据4b(0, 0, 1/2)晶位,Te原子占据8d(x, 1/4, 1/8)晶位。Cu_1-xCo_xInTe₂呈现室温铁磁性,其室温磁化遵循Langevin模型,随着x的增加,其饱和磁化强度增大。调控Co掺杂量,可以提高Cu_1-xCo_xInTe₂稀磁半导体的光吸收带宽E_g,使其具有太阳能光伏材料的应用可能性。     

Tailoring soft magnetic properties of Fe-based amorphous alloys through C addition

It is known that developing Fe-based amorphous alloys with the saturation flux density(B_s) higher than 1.65 T is a major challenge.In present work,effects of C addition on magnetic properties of Fe-based amorphous alloys were systematically studied.It has been found that the addition of C can significantly increase the saturation flux density(B_s) and the magnetic flux density at 800 A/m(B_(800)) of the Fe-B-C-Si-P amorphous alloys.After the addition of C,the B_s of the amorphous alloys increase from 1.61 T(Fe_(83)B_(13)Si_3 P_1) to 1.65-1.71 T(Fe_(83)B_(13-x)C_xSi_3 P_1,x=1.5,2,3 and 4). The Fe_(83)B_(10)C_3 Si_3 P_1 amorphous alloy possesses excellent soft magnetic properties with high B_s of 1.71 T and low H_c of 1.5 A/m.It shows that density increase of the alloys and weakened metalloid-sp/metal-d bonding caused by C addition contribute to the increment of B_s.It suggests that the newly developed high-performance amorphous alloys possess great potential in application.     

Fe1-xCox合金电子结构和磁性的理论研究

Fe1-xCox合金的磁性强烈依赖于合金的结构以及合金中Fe、Co的含量．该文从第一性原理出发，应用线性缀加平面波(LAPW)的方法，计算了Co含量分别在x=0．00，0．25，0．50，0．75，1．00时合金的电子结构和磁性．随着x值的增大，合金中原子总的平均磁矩和Fe原子的平均磁矩都呈现出先增加后减小的趋势，而Co原子磁矩在不同成分下基本保持不变．计算结果和试验结果较好地解释了Fe1-xCox合金的磁学性质．     

Ni80Fe20/Al2O3/Ni80Fe20隧道结的TMR特性

采用离子束溅射和磁控溅射技术制备了Ni80Fe20 Al2O3 Ni80Fe20磁性隧道结.控制样品上下铁磁层的厚度,研究了不同铁磁层厚度对样品隧道结磁电阻效应的影响.结果表明,磁电阻随着铁磁层的厚度变化而振荡.     

Effect of Cu on dehydrogenation and thermal stability of amorphous Mg-Ce-Ni-Cu alloys

The alloying element component is very crucial in improving the hydrogen storage performance of amorphous alloys.In this work,quaternary amorphous Mg_(70-x)Ce_(10)Ni_(20)Cu_x(x=3,7.5,10)alloys were prepared by meltspinning and the effect of Cu on hydrogenation and dehydrogenation were investigated in comparison with the Mg_(70-x)Ce_(10)Ni_(20)amorphous alloys.The initial hydrogenation kinetics of amorphous Mg_(70-x)Ce_(10)Ni_(20)Cu_x(x=0,3,7.5,10)was improved with the increase of Cu content according to the kinetics measured at a temperature below crystallization temperature.As hydrogen is absorbed,an amorphous-amorphous transition occurred,and relatively high Cu content would lead to phase separation in the hydrogenation process.Amorphous phase have much higher crystallization temperature after it absorbs hydrogen and the addition of Cu could increase the crystallization activation energy of amorphous hydrides.In addition,the increase of Cu content could reduce the dehydrogenation temperature of amorphous hydrides,which gives a significant indication for future improving research of the hydrogen desorption performance of Mg based amorphous hydrides.     

Microstructural evolution and performance of hydrogen storage and electrochemistry of Co-added La0.75Mg0.25Ni3.5−xCox (x = 0, 0.2, 0.5 at%) alloys

Microstructure, hydrogen storage and electrochemical performances of Co-added La_(0.75)Mg_(0.25)Ni_(3.5_x)Co_x(x = 0,0.2, 0.5 at%) alloys are studied. XRD and rietveld refinement results suggest that the samples are mainly composed of(LaMg)Ni_3,(LaMg)_2Ni_7 and LaNi_5 phases, Co substitution for Ni changes the phase abundance,but not the phase composition. With the rising of Co content, the amount of(LaMg)_2 Ni_7 phase decreases, but the amount of LaNi_5 phase increases, while the amount of(LaMg)Ni_3 phase firstly increases and then decreases.The alloys reversibly absorb and desorb hydrogen at 298 K smoothly. When Co content is 0.2 at%, the hydrogen absorption capacity reaches the maximum value of 1.14 H/M, and the absorption capacities reach 1.09 H/M and 1.03 H/M in the first minute at 298 K and 323 K, respectively. Electrochemical performance measurement results show that La_(0.75)Mg_(0.25)Ni_(3.5-x)Co_x alloys are completely activated within 2 cycles, and the cyclic stability of La_(0.75)Mg_(0.25)Ni_(3.3)Co_(0.2) alloy approaches 63.7% after 100 charge/discharge cycles, which is higher than that(S_(100) = 60%) of La_(0.75)Mg_(0.25)Ni_(3.0)Co_(0.5) alloy. Thus, the La_(0.75)Mg_(0.25)Ni_(3.3)Co_(0.2) alloy exhibits optimum comprehensive properties of hydrogen storage and electrochemistry.     

Micro-alloying of yttrium in Zr-based bulk metallic glasses

The effect of yttrium addition on the glass-forming ability(GFA) and mechanical properties of the Zr-based (Zr_(0.525)Al_(0.1)Ti_(0.05)Cu_(0.179)Ni_(0.146))_(100-x)Y_x and(Zr_(0.55)Al_(0.15)Ni_(0.1)Cu_(0.2))_(100-x)Y_x(x=0,0.2,0.4 0.6,1,2) alloys was studied.Micro-alloying of 0.6%yttrium enhances the room temperature ductility as well as the GFA of the Zr-based alloys.The mechanism of enhancing the GFA and room temperature ductility was analyzed.It is indicated that proper yttrium addition stabilizes the...     

Tb_(0.3)Dy_(0.7-x)Pr_x(Fe_(0.9)Al_(0.1))_(1.95)合金的磁性、磁致伸缩和穆斯堡尔谱

系统研究了室温下Tb0.3Dy0.7-xPrx(Fe0.9Al0.1)1.95(x=0,0.1,0.2,0.25,0.3,0.35)合金中稀土元素Pr替代Dy对磁性、磁晶各向异性、磁致伸缩和穆斯堡尔谱的影响.对磁化强度和磁致伸缩的测量发现,少量Pr替代有助于降低磁晶各向异性;随着替代量x的增多磁致伸缩减小,x>0.2时超磁致伸缩效应消失.然而,x=0.1时合金的磁致伸缩略大于没有替代的,而且磁致伸缩随磁场更易趋于饱和;同时发现,随着Pr替代量x的增加,饱和磁化强度和Curie温度单调下降,而内禀磁致伸缩急剧增大.多功能磁性测量系统PPMS的研究和Mossbauer效应表明,随着Pr含量的增加,合金中的易磁化轴可能在{110}面上绕主对称轴作微小转动,发生自旋重取向.与Al元素替代效应相比,Pr替代Dy对自旋重取向的影响相对较小.     

NiFeNb种子层对坡莫合金磁滞回线的影响

采用NiFeNb为种子层,制备(Ni82Fe18)1-xNbx(35 )/(Ni82Fe18)(150 )/Ta(30 )系列膜,并对其颗粒大小和磁滞回线等进行测量,探讨种子层中Nb含量x对坡莫合金磁滞回线的影响.结果表明:以NiFeNb作种子层能更好地改善坡莫合金的微结构.种子层厚度为20 ,Nb含量为24 4%时,磁滞回线有最小的回线面积、矫顽力和较小的不对称性.种子层影响坡莫合金磁滞回线的一个重要原因是脱附激活能等因素造成种子层具有不同的表面粗糙度,进而使坡莫合金具有不同的微结构.     

Zr对Al-Ni-Y-(Zr,Cu)合金系非晶形成能力及热稳定性的影响

通过Zr部分取代Al80Ni10YsCu5中的Y,获得了Al80Ni10Y5-xZrxCus（x=0、1、2、3、4）铝基非晶合金．用XRD和DSC等测试手段1分析了单辊旋淬法制备的该合金非晶条带,研究了Zr对合金体系非晶形成能力和热稳定性的影响．结果表明,x=2或x=3的合金的衍射峰较为宽化;当x从0增加到2时,合金的晶化温度增加,此后,随x的进一步增加,合金的晶化温度先降低后又有所回升．Al80Ni10Y3Zr2Cu5合金既具有相对较好的非晶形成能力,又具有较高的热稳定性．     

Cu,Zr对Al-Ni-Zr-Cu-Y非晶合金的形成和热稳定性的影响

采用单辊旋淬技术,在真空条件下制备了快速凝固Al85Ni10Zr3Y2四元合金条带和Al80Ni10Zr8-xCuxY2(x=1,2,3,5)五元合金条带.利用X射线衍射及差热分析对条带进行了研究.结果表明,w(Cu)和w(Zr)对该合金系的非晶形成能力及热稳定性有显著影响,并且非晶合金的形成对这两种元素的质量分数很敏感.当w(Cu)和w(Zr)其中一种达到一较大值时,可以形成非晶合金或是以非晶相为主的合金,否则将只能得到晶体相.另外,Al80Ni10Zr7Cu1Y2,Al80Ni10Zr3Cu5Y2合金系具有较强的非晶形成能力,可形成完全非晶或以非晶为主体和部分晶体的复相材料.