基于多层次灰色综合评价的口岸国际道路运输便利化测度

便利的国际道路运输对促进同周边国家经贸往来和沿边地区经济社会发展有重要的现实意义.从货物及人员跨境运输的双重视角,聚焦口岸跨境运输,基于国际道路运输流程的解构,构建了包含跨境手续、人员跨境运输、货物跨境运输、道路车辆入境要求、商业交通权的交换、基础设施和标准、组织机构、其他因素8个一级指标和37个二级指标的国际道路运输便利化评价指标体系,提出了基于多层次灰色综合评价的国际道路运输便利化测度模型.以云南省国际道路运输为典型案例,验证测度方法体系的有效性,并提出了国际道路运输便利化的优化对策.结果显示:所建立的测度指标能够表征云南国际道路运输便利化发展水平;云南省基础设施和标准、法律法规、组织机构和商业通行权等方面便利程度较高;云南省在跨境手续的便利化、道路车辆入境要求的便利化以及货物、人员的跨境运输便利化方面仍然存在提升的空间.     

基于概率图模型的危险驾驶罪刑期预测

针对司法实践中对于可解释性及预测性能的需求, 本文提出了一种基于概率图模型的量刑智能辅助方法. 该方法以量刑要素为基石建立含有隐节点的概率图模型, 由极大似然准则估计刑期分布的参数, 进而计算分布的数学期望得到预测值. 关于危险驾驶罪的实验结果表明, 概率图模型的预测准确率优于基于决策树和神经网络等的模型, 且具有良好的可解释性.     

风机分层基础有限元分析与加固方法

在风机扩展基础分层事故现场结构检测的基础上,采用ABAQUS有限元软件计算分析了分层基础在极端荷载工况下的受力和变形状态.结果表明:上层混凝土在基础环底法兰下方拱起形成空腔;空腔区内竖向钢筋产生拉应力,且有应力集中现象;分层面插筋在水平剪力的作用下产生弯折变形,变形程度和水平方向应力值由内圈向外圈递减;上下层混凝土之间发生了相对滑移.依据有限元计算结果,提出了新的加固补强措施,为今后类似工程事故的加固提供参考.     

中国手语的羡余性及对手语翻译的启示

羡余性被认为是语言的一大本质属性,手语也具有羡余性.与汉语的羡余性相比,中国手语的羡余性主要有三方面的特点,一是兼具时间线条性和空间共时性的呈现特点,二是常常体现出汉语对中国手语的接触影响作用,三是与手语的表义特点有关.在汉语手译时,可利用增译和加注、表情和口动等羡余手段以处理汉语生僻词、新生词和难解词的翻译,以完足语义,减少歧义;还应简省处理汉语的羡余表达,以达到最佳翻译效果;另外,在手语汉译时需要增加必要的羡余信息以符合汉语表达习惯.     

NACA埋入式进气口气动特性试验设计优化

为了优化(美国)国家航空咨询委员会(National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics,NACA)埋入式进气口气动特性,基于计算流体力学(computational fluid dynamics,CFD)数值方法,以阻力、总压恢复系数、出口质量流量和出口马赫数为性能指标,对3个关键几何参数进行了试验设计(design of experiments,DoE).基准工况结果表明,在进气口斜坡侧边靠近主流处有轴向涡产生.DoE结果表明,斜坡角度对性能指标影响大,斜坡扩张角角影响小,出口转折半径对阻力和出口质量流量影响大,且斜坡角度一定时折转半径越小越好.斜坡角度越小,前缘位置马赫数越小,涡管越长,同一截面速度分布越均匀,因此总压恢复系数和出口质量流量越大,且出口气流不均匀度小,气动性能佳.     

基于改进物元可拓模型的光充储系统运营效益评价

随着光伏发电规模的不断扩大和储能技术的快速发展,光伏发电和储能系统的结合逐渐得到应用,其运营效益可以有效地衡量光充储系统的经济性,也是系统进一步推广的关键.通过建立4个层面18个指标的光充储系统运营效益评价指标体系,并采用了主客观结合的组合赋权模型,结合改进的物元可拓模型对光充储结合系统的运营效益情况展开评价,并对评价结果展开分析.结果 表明:光充储系统总体的运营效益状况良好,并且所构建的光充储系统运营效益评价模型能够进行有效评价.     

De Casteljau Algorithm and Degree Elevation of Toric Surface Patches

De Casteljau algorithm and degree elevation of Bézier and NURBS curves/surfaces are two important techniques in computer aided geometric design. This paper presents the de Casteljau algorithm and degree elevation of toric surface patches, which include tensor product and triangular rational Bézier surfaces as special cases. Some representative examples of toric surface patches with common shapes are illustrated to verify these two algorithms. Moreover, the authors also apply the degree elevation of toric surface patches to isogeometric analysis. And two more examples show the effectiveness of proposed method.     

一种基于HMM模型改进的地图匹配算法

针对轨迹数据在线地图匹配中难以同时保障算法的准确率和时间效率的问题, 提出一种基于隐马尔科夫模型(HMM)改进的在线地图匹配算法, 并提出综合距离因素和方向因素计算发射概率的方法。与其他全局或者局部算法的不同之处在于, 改进的在线地图匹配算法引入可靠点进行轨迹分割, 减少了转移概率的计算和匹配结果的输出延时。用西雅图市浮动车的轨迹数据进行算法的实验验证, 结果表明, 与传统的HMM地图匹配算法相比, 改进的算法在准确率和时间效率上更优, 能够满足在线地图匹配的需求。     

Defining G protein-coupled receptor peptide ligand expressomes and signalomes in human and mouse islets

Introduction

Islets synthesise and secrete numerous peptides, some of which are known to be important regulators of islet function and glucose homeostasis. In this study, we quantified mRNAs encoding all peptide ligands of islet G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) in isolated human and mouse islets and carried out in vitro islet hormone secretion studies to provide functional confirmation for the species-specific role of peptide YY (PYY) in mouse islets.

Materials and methods

GPCR peptide ligand mRNAs in human and mouse islets were quantified by quantitative real-time PCR relative to the reference genes ACTB, GAPDH, PPIA, TBP and TFRC. The pathways connecting GPCR peptide ligands with their receptors were identified by manual searches in the PubMed, IUPHAR and Ingenuity databases. Distribution of PYY protein in mouse and human islets was determined by immunohistochemistry. Insulin, glucagon and somatostatin secretion from islets was measured by radioimmunoassay.

Results

We have quantified GPCR peptide ligand mRNA expression in human and mouse islets and created specific signalomes mapping the pathways by which islet peptide ligands regulate human and mouse GPCR signalling. We also identified species-specific islet expression of several GPCR ligands. In particular, PYY mRNA levels were ~ 40,000-fold higher in mouse than human islets, suggesting a more important role of locally secreted Pyy in mouse islets. This was confirmed by IHC and functional experiments measuring insulin, glucagon and somatostatin secretion.

Discussion

The detailed human and mouse islet GPCR peptide ligand atlases will allow accurate translation of mouse islet functional studies for the identification of GPCR/peptide signalling pathways relevant for human physiology, which may lead to novel treatment modalities of diabetes and metabolic disease.