凤尾蕨体外抑菌活性研究

研究凤尾蕨不同提取物及萃取物对细菌和真菌的活性作用;将凤尾蕨不同溶剂提取物利用倍比稀释法测定其体外抑菌活性,并对具有抑菌活性的提取物用系统溶剂法进行萃取,测定萃取物的抑菌活性;结果表明,50%的乙醇提取物对金黄色葡萄球菌、绿脓杆菌、痢疾杆菌有一定的抑菌活性,其乙酸乙酯萃取物对金黄色葡萄球菌、绿脓杆菌和痢疾杆菌有较强的抑制作用,其氯仿层也对痢疾杆菌有较强的抑制作用。     

秋茄提取物的体外抗菌活性研究

以10种临床分离菌株为供试菌,采用常量稀释法分别对秋茄根、枝、叶、果4个部位的乙醇和水提取物及枝水提取物A、B部位的体外抗菌活性进行初步研究．结果表明：秋茄根、叶、果、枝4个部位的水和乙醇提取物及枝水提取物A、B部位对多数临床分离菌株均显示有明显的体外抑菌和杀菌活性．其中以枝水提取物B部位的体外抗菌活性最强,其MIC均为1．953g·L^-1,除对产β-内酰胺酶乙型链球菌的MBC为15．625g·L^-1外,对其他9种菌株的MBC均为3．90625g·L^-1．实验显示,秋茄不同部位提取物均呈现广谱的抗菌活性,其中以枝水提取物B部位对10种菌株的体外抗菌活性最强．     

红树植物卤蕨地上部分提取物的生物活性初报

【目的】研究红树植物卤蕨(Acrostichum aureum)地上部分的乙醇提取物及其不同极性部位萃取物对我国3种高发性肿瘤细胞株(MCF-7,A549,HepG2)和3种微生物菌株(金黄色葡萄球菌Staphyloccocus aureus Rosenbach、大肠杆菌Escherichia coli、痤疮丙酸杆菌Propionibacterium acnes)的生长抑制作用。【方法】采用MTT法测定其对所选3种人肿瘤细胞株的细胞毒活性;采用改良的刃天青显色法,测定对3种微生物菌株的体外抗菌作用的最低抑菌浓度(MIC)。【结果】卤蕨地上部分的不同极性部位提取物对所选人肿瘤细胞株和微生物菌株表现出不同程度的生长抑制作用,其中乙酸乙酯萃取部位对3种细胞株具有很好的细胞毒活性,IC50值均低于20μg/mL,对金黄色葡萄球菌、大肠杆菌和痤疮丙酸杆菌的MIC分别为125μg/mL、125μg/mL、62.5μg/mL;正丁醇萃取部位的细胞毒活性和抑菌作用次之;石油醚萃取部位和水层对所选细胞株和菌株几乎不表现抑制作用。【结论】卤蕨地上部分乙醇提取物的乙酸乙酯萃取部位具有较好的细胞毒活性和抑菌作用,值得进行进一步活性追踪、分离纯化,以期获得具有药用价值的活性先导化合物。     

喙尾琵琶甲抗菌活性的研究

目的:观察喙尾琵琶甲乙醇提取物对耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌(MRSA)的体外抑菌活性.方法:采用试管稀释法测定喙尾琵琶甲乙醇提取物对5株临床分离的MRSA菌株的最低抑菌浓度(MIC)和最低杀菌浓度(MBC),初步判断其抑菌效果.结果:喙尾琵琶甲乙醇提取物对5株MRSA的MIC值为0.98～1.95 mg/mL,MBC值为3.9～7.8 mg/mL.结论:喙尾琵琶甲乙醇提取物具有良好的体外抑菌活性.     

地板藤根的抗氧化和抑菌活性研究

采用DPPH法测定地板藤根提取物及其不同溶剂萃取物的抗氧化活性,用微生物纸片法测定其乙醇提取物的抑菌活性.结果表明:地板藤根乙醇提取物及其乙酸乙酯和正丁醇萃取物对DPPH自由基(DPPH.)有较强的清除能力,并且这种清除作用随其质量浓度的增大而增加.地板藤根乙醇提取物及其乙酸乙酯和正丁醇萃取物清除DPPH.的半数有效量(EC50)分别为0.004 6、0.004 7、0.006 4 mg/mL.抑菌实验显示地板藤根乙醇提取物有弱的抑菌活性.     

小花忍冬叶提取物的抗氧化活性

通过T-AOC法、DPPH法、Fenton法体外抗氧化试验,对小花忍冬叶乙醇提取物的各个萃取部位进行抗氧化活性研究.结果表明,小花忍冬叶5种提取物均具有不同程度的抗氧化活性,乙酸乙酯部分羟自由基清除活性最强,IC_(50)值为67.0μg/mL;清除DPPH·自由基IC_(50)为7.2μg/mL,均高于对照Vc.研究结果提示小花忍冬叶乙醇提取物乙酸乙酯萃取部分具有很强的抗氧化活性,可作为一种新型的天然抗氧化剂和自由基清除剂,具有良好的开发前景.     

地榆提取物的体外抑菌活性及机制

用乙醇、 乙酸乙酯、 二氯甲烷、 正丁醇等有机溶剂和水分别提取中草药地榆的有效成分, 得到有机酸类、 三萜类和黄酮类化合物, 并分析各提取物对伤寒杆菌和痢疾杆菌的抗菌效果和机理. 结果表明: 地榆的乙酸乙酯相、 乙醇相和正丁醇相提取物对伤寒杆菌和痢疾杆菌有抑菌作用, 与对照组相比差异极显著(p<0.01), 各提取物对实验菌的最小抑菌质量浓度（MIC）差异较大; 地榆提取物中的有机酸类、 三萜类和黄酮类化合物有不同程度的抑菌作用; 地榆提取物可通过干扰细菌细胞壁合成及抑制细胞膜的形成而抑制伤寒杆菌和痢疾杆菌生长, 其抑制作用随提取液质量浓度的增加及作用时间的延长而增强.     

克氏螯虾不同溶剂提取物抗菌活性的初步研究

用甲醇：甲苯（3：1）、95％乙醇、丙酮、乙酸乙酯、乙醚、石油醚、正丁醇和正己烷等不同有机溶荆分别对克氏螯虾（Canbarus clarkia Girard）的腹部肌肉和头胸部内脏的匀浆物进行浸泡提取，采用纸片法对各种提取物进行6种细菌、3种真菌和3种动植物病原菌的抑菌试验，结果表明，各提取物对试验菌具有选择性的抑制作用，同一溶剂不同部位提取物的抑菌能力不同，肌肉提取物抗细菌的效果比内脏提取物强，但对青霉和根霉的效果相反．不同溶剂同一部位提取物的押菌能力也不同，其中乙酸乙酯提取物的抑菌能力最强，乙醇提取物抑菌能力最弱．     

地锦草不同提取部位抗皮肤癣菌作用

为研究地锦草不同提取部位的体外抗皮肤癣菌作用。采用大孔吸附树脂梯度洗脱分离法对地锦草乙醇提取物进行洗脱分离,得到五个洗脱部位;根据美国临床实验室标准化委员会(NCCLS)推荐的《产孢丝状真菌的液基稀释法抗真菌药物敏感性试验方案》(M38-A),测定地锦草5个提取部位对17株临床常见皮肤癣菌的最低抑菌浓度值(MIC)。结果表明地锦草5个提取部位均有显著的抗真菌作用,其抗真菌有效物质主要集中在20%乙醇和40%乙醇洗脱部分。由此可知,地锦草不同提取部位对试验菌株的生长具有明显地抑制作用。     

叶下珠提取物体外抗菌活性的实验研究

目的：研究叶下珠乙醇和水提取物的体外抗菌活性.方法：以临床分离的6种菌株为供试菌,采用常量稀释法分别检测叶下珠乙醇、水提取物的体外最低抑菌浓度（MIC）及最低杀菌浓度（MBC）.结果：叶下珠乙醇和水提取物对6种菌株均有体外抑菌和杀菌活性.叶下珠水提取物对产BLs金黄色葡萄球菌、表皮葡萄球菌、肠球菌及产ESBLs阴性大肠杆菌的MIC分别为1.953goL-1、1.953goL-1、7.8125goL-1、3.90625 goL-1,抑菌作用强,对产BLs金黄色葡萄球菌、表皮葡萄球菌和产ESBLs阴性大肠杆菌的MBC分别为3.90625goL-、3.90625goL-1、31.25go-1,杀菌作用强.结论：叶下珠提取物对多种病原菌有不同程度的抗菌活性,可供开发此药用资源作参考.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…