基于数据预处理的改进GS正交化波束形成

针对常规Gram-Schmidt（GS）正交化算法在训练快拍中混有期望信号时,自适应波束会出现期望信号相消的问题,提出了基于数据预处理的改进GS正交化波束形成算法. 该算法构造阻塞矩阵进行数据预处理剔除期望信号,估计对应的协方差矩阵,并对其进行GS正交化重构干扰子空间,将静态加权矢量向干扰子空间作正交投影得到自适应权矢量. 同时,为准确估计干扰子空间,对协方差矩阵的正交化自适应门限进行了修正. 仿真结果表明,所提算法的输出信干噪比（SINR）比其它GS正交化算法有2 dB以上的性能改善.      

基于协方差矩阵重构和导向矢量优化的波束形成算法

针对传统波束形成算法在导向矢量失配和协方差矩阵误差情况下输出信干噪比下降严重的问题,提出了一种基于协方差矩阵重构和导向矢量优化的稳健自适应波束形成算法。该算法通过估计信号和干扰的功率及方向,重构干扰加噪声协方差矩阵,同时结合投影和空域积分思想,对假定的导向矢量进行优化计算,使其接近真实的导向矢量。进而通过相关运算求得复数加权值实现波束形成。所提算法可以有效抑制干扰,提高输出信干噪比。在多种失配存在的情况下,所提算法也具有较好的性能。研究共进行了6个仿真实验,所提算法性能均优于所对比算法。所提算法在快拍数固定且存在导向矢量失配的情况下,相比于最差情况性能最优算法有约5 dB的输出信干噪比提升。在信噪比固定且存在导向矢量失配的情况下,相比于对比算法均有4 dB以上的性能提升。实验结果验证了所提算法的有效性。     

采用幅度响应约束的鲁棒自适应波束形成算法

针对大导向矢量失配误差造成传统自适应波束形成算法鲁棒性下降的问题,提出采用幅度响应约束的鲁棒自适应波束形成算法。该算法首先对接收数据协方差矩阵失配进行建模优化,然后根据已知的多径相干信号大致来波方向信息对波束主瓣进行幅度响应约束,并利用所提引理将优化问题转化为迭代二阶锥规划问题,最后对权矢量直接进行求解获得最佳值。仿真结果表明:该算法能够针对多径相干信号形成多波束主瓣,自由控制波束主瓣宽度和纹波水平。当期望信号的方向偏差达到3.5°、输入信干噪比在-5~10dB范围内变化时,该算法的阵列输出信干噪比优于不确定集类算法0~6dB,对大导向矢量失配误差鲁棒性更高。     

鲁棒自适应波束形成算法比较与实验研究

传统的自适应波束形成算法对基阵的轻微误差非常敏感,为提高自适应波束形成技术对阵列误差的鲁棒性,在分析线性约束最小方差波束形成的基础上,研究并比较了对角加载算法和支持向量机算法对自适应波束形成器鲁棒性能的改善,和对对角加载算法和支持向量机算法进行了鲁棒性能分析与比较。水池实验结果表明,传统的对角加载算法能够提高波束形成器对信号导向向量失配与样本协方差矩阵误差的鲁棒性。而基于支持向量机算法的波束形成器在波达方向失配的较高信噪比或存在大量干扰信号时表现出更好的鲁棒性,为提高波束形成器的鲁棒性提供了一种新的有效途径。     

适用于任意阵列的鲁棒波束形成算法

针对期望信号来波角度误差和干扰快速变化导致的导向矢量失配问题,本文提出了一种新型的零陷展宽鲁棒自适应波束形成算法.该算法重构接收信号的协方差矩阵,根据大致的期望信号角度约束平顶主瓣波束,提出了迭代算法来解决经过上述处理步骤后得到的非凸的优化问题.仿真显示,本文提出的算法相比于传统算法对来波角度误差及干扰快速变化拥有更好的鲁棒性,且该算法适用于任意阵列.      

基于导数约束的互谱降秩自适应波束形成

在导数约束基础上,提出了一种对阵列导向矢量失配稳健的互谱降秩自适应波束形成算法.通过在期望方向上设置多个线性导数约束,对阵列接收数据进行利用互谱能量的降秩处理,然后进行自适应波束形成.该算法不仅能够在导向矢量失配情况下获得较好的性能,并且弥补了传统稳健自适应波束形成算法运算量大的缺点.仿真分析表明,所提出的算法具有较好的稳健性能.     

一种稳健的二维自适应波束形成算法

针对已存在的各种二维capon波束形成器稳健算法性能单一,只能对1种或2种影响波束形成算法性能的因素具有稳健性,缺乏对多种情况都具有稳健性的缺点,提出一种基于空间谱估计的二维稳健自适应波束形成方案.首先,提出一种新的二维解相关空间谱估计算法,该算法将二维角度估计问题用4个一维空间谱估代替,并采用修正的MUSIC算法实现解相干,然后利用得到的角度信息构造虚拟干扰,克服观察方向误差并展宽零陷.仿真结果表明:该算法结合了空间谱估计技术和自适应波束形成技术的优点,对期望信号导向矢量误差、干扰到达角失配及信号相关等都具有足够的稳健性.     

一种双重约束的稳健自适应波束形成算法

针对最差情况下最优性能波束形成算法(WCB)仅具备对导向矢量误差稳健性的问题,提出了一种双重约束稳健自适应波束形成算法(DCRAB),在WCB的基础上增加了一个协方差矩阵误差约束条件,因而在理论上同时具备对导向矢量误差和协方差矩阵误差的稳健性.经过多次严格条件的释放,将非凸的DCRAB问题转化为凸的二阶锥规划问题(SOCP),最后可采用与WCB相似的方法求解.数值仿真结果表明DCRAB在输出SINR,DOA误差、有限采样点和方向图增益等方面都优于WCB和其他一些经典算法.     

基于Capon的CSB sin-FDA稳健波束形成

针对抑制与目标位置接近的干扰过程中,MVDR波束形成器在阵元数较大、导向矢量失配情况下出现的主瓣畸变问题展开分析.在CSB sin-FDA接收阵列结构代替ULA-FDA接收阵列的基础上,通过RCB算法对存在误差的估计导向矢量进行修正,计算修正后的最优权矢量.仿真验证了本文方法与基于PA的MVDR波束形成器,基于FDA-BFF的MVDR波束形成器相比,在导向矢量失配时的性能优势.      

基于多参数二次规划的零陷展宽和旁瓣控制方法

自适应波束形成算法能将零陷自动对准干扰方向,但在干扰源角度抖动等情况下,会使自适应权和数据失配.此外,在快拍数较少的情况下,传统的自适应波束形成方法可能会出现很高的旁瓣.针对上述问题,提出了一种有效的基于多参数二次规划的零陷展宽和旁瓣控制方法.首先,利用锥化矩阵修正采样协方差矩阵展宽干扰源的零陷;然后,用主瓣区域外的多个二次不等式控制旁瓣;最后用多参数二次规划方法求解优化问题.该方法不仅能获得更高的阵列输出增益,而且可以通过实值计算得到最优权向量.仿真结果验证了算法的有效性.     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

Perspherical Approaches for Electrons in Atoms and Charged Excitons in Quantum Wells

Instead of following Fock’s expansion,we solve the Schrodinger equation for some quantum mechanical manybody systems such as electrons in atoms and charged excitons in quantum wells in a similar way in hyperspherical coordinates by expanding the wave functions into orthonormal complete basis sets of the hyperspherical hannonics(HHs)of hyperangles and generalized Laguerre polynomials(GLPs)of the hyperradius.This leads the equation to     

Advances in broadband wireless communications under high-mobility scenarios

Future mobile communication systems aim at providing very high data transmission rates, even in high-mobility scenarios such as high-speed wheel-track trains, maglev trains, highway vehicles, airplanes, guided missiles or spacecraft. A particularly important commercial application is the strong and increasing worldwide demand for high- speed broadband wireless communications （up to 574.8 km/ h test speeds or 380 km/h commercial speeds） in railways, providing data, voice and video services for applications such as onboard entertainment services to passengers, train control, train dispatch, train sensor status handling and sur- veillance. In such high-mobility scenarios, there are a number of communication challenges, including fast hand- over, location updating, high-speed channel modeling, estimation and equalization, anti-Doppler spreading tech- niques, fast power control, and dedicated network architec- ture. Because signal transmission in very high-speed scenarios will inevitably experience serious deterioration, it is imperative to develop key broadband mobile communi- cation techniques for such high-speed vehicles.     

Wuhan University Journal of Natural Sciences TOTAL CONTENTS

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海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Scale-based spatial data model for GIS

Being the primary media of geographical information and the elementary objects manipulated, almost all of maps adopt the layer-based model to represent geographic information in the existent GIS. However, it is difficult to extend the map represented in layer-based model. Furthermore, in Web-Based GIS, It is slow to transmit the spatial data for map viewing. In this paper, for solving the questions above, we have proposed a new method for representing the spatial data. That is scale-based model. In this model we represent maps in three levels: scale-view, block, and spatial object, and organize the maps in a set of map layers, named Scale-View, which associates some given scales.Lastly, a prototype Web-Based GIS using the proposed spatial data representation is described briefly.     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to