氟碳铈矿与NaOH反应的动力学分析及其应用研究

作者通过对NaOH与氟碳铈矿反应的化学原理分析，较系统地研究了NaOH溶液对氟碳铈矿分解的影响，在此基础上确定了“氢氧化钠－盐酸”优溶法生产富镧氯化稀土的最佳条件：精矿：NaOH=1:0.7、NaOH浓度为60％、分解温度为120℃、分解时间1h。其优溶率达到40．1％，即非铈稀土的优溶率达到80％以上。此优溶率达到了传统的“盐酸－氢氧化钠”分解方式的2．5倍以上。     

Gd-Ni二元相图计算

采用CALPHAD技术优化计算了Gd－Ni二元相图．液相用Redlich－Kister多项式次规则溶液模型描述，端际固溶体β－Gd，α－Gd，α－Ni分别处理为纯组元bccGd，hcpGd，fccNi．采用热力学评估了如下9个定比化合物：Gd3Ni（1006．39K，包晶分解），Gd3Ni2（941．07K，包晶分解），GdNi（1553．15K，同成分熔化），GdNi2（1280．10K，包晶分解），GdNi3（137．99K，包晶分解），Gd2Ni7（1474．28K，包晶分解），GdNi4（1544．44K，包晶分解），GdNi5（1753．15K，同成分熔化）和Gd2Ni17（1553．82K，包晶分解）；热力学计算了3个共晶反应：Gd3Ni－Gd3Ni2（904．97K，31．53％Ni，原子分数，下同），GdNi－GdNi2（1232．60K，57．06％Ni）和Gd2Ni17－Ni（1521．08K，96．24％Ni）．计算结果与相图大部分实验结果在实验误差范围内相吻合．     

图的升分解问题的两个新结果

Ａｌａｖｉ等人在１９８７年定义了图的一种新分解,即“升分解”（ＡｓｃｅｎｄｉｎｇＳｕｂｇｒａｐｈＤｅｃｏｍｐｏｓｉｔｉｏｎ）,并且猜想：任意有正数条边的图都可升分解．该文证明了下面两个新结果：（１）Ｈｉ是ｉ条边的Ｋｎ的子图,当ｎ＋１≤ｉ≤２ｎ－２ｎ／３［］２－２时,Ｇ＝Ｋｎ－Ｈｉ可升分解为Ｋ１,１,Ｋ１,２,…,Ｋ１,ｎ－５,Ｋ１,ｎ－４,Ｇｎ－３（ｎ≥６）,其中Ｋ１,ｎ－４Ｇｎ－３．（２）Ｈｉ是ｉ条边的Ｋｎ的子图,当ｉ≥２ｎ－２ｎ／３［］２时,Ｇ＝Ｋｎ－Ｈｉ不一定有定理１形式的升分解．     

Ti－Code12合金焊后退火对组织性能的影响

研究了Ｔｉ－Ｃｏｄｅ１２合金（Ｔｉ－０．３Ｍｏ－０．８Ｎｉ）焊后退火对组织和性能的影响．结果表明焊后退火将引起残存β相的共析分解，共析分解产物Ｔｉ２Ｎｉ相具有面心立方结构．合金的耐蚀性来源于α基体上Ｔｉ２Ｎｉ相的存在，Ｔｉ２Ｎｉ相既可在晶间沉淀，也能在晶内沉淀．本研究对Ｔｉ－Ｃｏｄｅ１２合金耐蚀性机理提出了直接证据．     

L－fuzzy环与L－fuzzy理想的分解定理

给出了Ｌ－ｆｕｚｚｙ环与Ｌ－ｆｕｚｚｙ理想的几个等价刻划与几个分解定理．     

二部图的K1，4—因子分解

Km,n的K1,k－因子分解问题已被多位研究者所研究,当k=2时Km,n具有K1,2－因子分解的存在性问题已被Ushio完全解决,当k=3时,Wang研究了Km,n的K1,3－因子分解问题,并给出了Km,n具有K1,3－因子分解的一个充分条件,本文研究Km,n的K1,4－因子分解问题,并给出Km,n具有K1,4－因子分解的一个充分条件。     

二(1-苯基-3-甲基-4-苯甲酰吡唑啉酮-5)合钯(Ⅱ)的热分解机理

报道了二（１－苯基－３－甲基－４－苯甲酰吡唑啉酮－５）合钯（Ⅱ）的合成、红外表征及非等温热分解动力学．采用微分和积分相结合的方法,推断出了可能的热分解机理及热力学方程．     

微量元素Zr在Cu－Ni－Sn合金Spinodal分解中的行为

进行了含Ｚｒ的Ｃｕ－１４Ｎｉ－７Ｓｎ合金在Ｓｐｉｎｏｄａｌ分解时的硬化曲线及其ＴＥＭ研究．含Ｚｒ的合金经固溶后于４００℃时效６０ｍｉｎ可获中等强度（σｓ＝７２０ＭＰａ，σｂ＝１０５０ＭＰａ）和良好的延展性（δ＝１０％）．与不含Ｚｒ的合金对比，Ｚｒ可加速分解过程及提高分解初期的硬度．     

有理co—H—空间上的同调分解

空间的有理化是同伦局部化理论的一种特殊情形．任意１－连通的有限ＣＷ－复形的有理化空间是有理空间．有理空间有许多特殊的性质．笔者探讨了有理空间,特别是有理ｃｏ－Ｈ－空间上的同调分解及其相关问题,包括诱导映射和诱导ｃｏ－Ｈ－结构等问题．     

用缔合物解析光度法测定微量铜(I)

研究了铜（Ⅰ）－２，２′－联喹啉（Ｂｉ－ｑｕ）－溴酚蓝（ＢＰＢ）缔合物的萃取及分解反应，利用分解游离出的溴酚蓝在水相间接测定微量铜。表观摩尔吸光系数由２．０２×１０４增加至５．３２×１０４Ｌ／（ｍｏｌ·ｃｍ），提高了２．７倍，在０．４～８．０ｍｇ／Ｌ内服从比尔定律。该方法选择性高，可不经分离直接用于人发中微量铜的测定。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the