高烈度山区中等跨径连续梁桥合理抗震结构体系

针对高烈度山区桥梁的抗震问题,以高烈度山区的中等跨径钢-混组合梁桥——云南省天生大桥为研究对象,研究其合理抗震结构体系布置。建议了山区桥梁的抗震评估分析流程,提出了6种抗震基本体系,并考虑各构件的非线性特征,采用桥梁抗震专用软件OpenSees建立了各体系的全桥精细化非线性动力有限元模型;考虑地震波的不确定性,从PEER数据库中共选择了100条不同强度范围的地震波,对依托工程的基本抗震体系进行了全过程非线性时程分析;利用获得的非线性分析结果,基于地震易损性分析理论分别建立了构件、系统易损性关系曲线,从损伤概率上对该桥梁抗震性能及危险构件进行了评估。结果表明:支座和挡块属于抗震体系的关键构件,支座的易损性随着损伤程度的增大逐步高于其他各类危险构件,挡块的损伤概率也较高;设置高阻尼隔震橡胶支座和挡块后能有效降低各构件的损伤概率,并有效提高系统的抗震性能,对结构抗震有利;综合考虑构件易损性和系统易损性,推荐采用高阻尼隔震橡胶支座及双层挡块的抗震设防措施作为依托工程的最终抗震体系。提出的桥梁合理抗震体系的概念和相应的抗震评估分析流程,可为高烈度山区桥梁抗震设计提供参考。     

基于精细有限元分析的猎德大桥抗震性能评价

采用8节点实体单元模拟主塔和桥墩,考虑塔、墩的剪切变形和初应力对结构刚度的影响,建立了猎德大桥精细化有限元模型.进行了缩尺比为1:60的全桥模型振动台试验,比较了试验和仿真计算结果.在此基础上,研究了实桥的地震响应特征,并对构件的抗震能力进行了评价.研究结果表明:塔根截面、群桩桩顶是结构抗震的关键部位;考虑承台-土压力的影响时,群桩基础的应力可降低13％～25％;精细化有限元模型较好地反映了结构在地震作用下的易损部位.     

基于位移反应谱的连续梁桥抗震设计简化方法

根据连续梁桥的实际受力特点 ,建立考虑下部结构非线性响应与上部结构共同作用的简化计算模型 .通过延性性能分析得到桥墩的非线性动力特性 ,并采用等价线性化给出其等效动力参数 .采用根据规范 (ＪＴＪ— 89)建立的变阻尼位移反应谱 ,通过迭代求解全桥结构的设计地震响应 .通过算例分析表明 ,提出的方法简单实用 ,并且具有相当精度基于位移反应谱的连续梁桥抗震设计简化方法@杨玉民 @胡勃袁 @万城     

钢筋混凝土板式楼梯的非线性有限元分析

采用ABAQUS软件建立了某混凝土板式楼梯的精细化三维有限元模型,并对其进行了竖向载荷和水平载荷作用下的非线性分析.结果表明,通过简化计算设计的混凝土板式楼梯完全满足结构的承载力和变形要求;在竖向载荷和水平载荷共同作用下,休息平台处的梯柱形成了短柱,其受力明显大于楼层处的梯柱,钢筋极易进入屈服状态;设计中应加强楼梯结构的抗震计算和分析.     

钢-混凝土组合空腹夹层板几种有限元模型的对比研究

为了比较钢-混凝土组合空腹夹层板3种常用的有限元模型的计算结果,建立了考虑材料非线性的壳-实体精细化模型和两种梁-壳混合模型。以30块精细化程度不同的正交正放钢-混凝土组合空腹夹层板数值模型为例,并考虑剪力键节点尺寸及表层混凝土板厚的变化进行有限元参数化分析。找出了简化数值模型和精细化数值模型对于竖向挠度、自振频率等计算结果的差别,并提出了基于结构层次和构件层次的修正方法。在工程数值分析中,想要得到更好的精度,应采用精细化的有限元模型,或对简化数值模型结果进行修正。     

波动问题中桥梁转体结构等效动力计算模型

研究铁路环境振动在转体桥梁中传播的波动问题时,转体结构的模拟至关重要。精细化建模能够有效提高结果的准确性,但其建模过程较为复杂且求解需耗费大量计算时间。为了提高波动问题的求解效率,基于结构动力学中阻抗等效原则对转体结构复杂几何进行了简化,推导了等效计算公式,建立了等效的动力计算模型,通过将实测的加速度时程作为输入,求解结构振动响应,并结合精细化有限元模型和现场振动试验的结果验证其准确性。研究表明：本文所提出的等效动力计算模型可得到较为精准的响应结果,且求解时间仅为精细化有限元模型的29%。该模型具有建模简单、计算快速等优点,能够为研究转体桥梁波动问题提供一种新的建模思路。     

大跨隔震结构竖向非线性反应谱

提出大跨隔震结构的简化计算模型,推导了大跨隔震结构在多点激励和一致激励下竖向运动控制方程;基于该简化模型,建立大跨屋盖的竖向加速度非线性反应谱,并与规范反应谱进行比较,研究多点激励对竖向非线性响应的影响规律;最后,与两层大跨隔震结构缩尺模型的振动台试验结果进行对比,验证竖向非线性反应谱的准确性。结果表明:多点激励对竖向非线性反应谱影响比较明显,对结构的影响随周期的增大而减小,随跨度的增大而增大;当采用规范反应谱曲线对大跨隔震结构进行抗震设计时,结果存在较大偏差,而新建竖向非线性反应谱进行抗震设计时,得到的结果比用规范谱计算得到的结果更接近真实值。     

基于F-R-M方法的桥梁地震风险评估研究

为解决现有有限元分析方法对求解地震作用下桥梁的失效概率计算量大、耗时长的问题,建立了一种神经网络仿真与概率有限元相结合的桥梁地震风险评估方法(F-R-M法)。首先通过多条地震波对桥梁进行时程分析,并得到相应的桥梁结构的地震响应;然后建立RBF神经网络,并将量化后的地震波能量、场地类别、峰值个数、结构弯矩作为输入参数,对神经网络进行训练和检验,训练成功后可采用Monte Carlo方法生成大量随机数,通过神经网络仿真得到桥梁结构随机地震响应数据,并计算出结构的失效概率;最后以某三跨连续刚构桥为例,采用有限元软件建立了全桥纤维单元模型,选取了24条地震波对其进行了动力增量(IDA)分析,并采用F-R-M法对该桥的地震风险概率进行了评估。实例分析表明,F-R-M法计算效率高、计算误差小,神经网络RBF将地震响应和地震输入之间的非线性映射关系很好地仿真模拟,研究结果可为桥梁抗震设计和地震风险评估提供参考。     

冷弯薄壁型钢组合墙体简化计算模型研究

组合墙体作为冷弯薄壁型钢结构体系的主要承重和抗侧力构件，其受力性能对房屋整体结构抗震性能的影响应重点关注. 基于此，建立冷弯薄壁型钢组合墙体简化计算模型，采用非线性对角弹簧模拟分析组合墙体的剪切变形，设置梁式杆件模拟分析组合墙体的弯曲变形，且墙体门窗洞口的影响也可在模型中体现. 借鉴日本规范建议的墙体等代拉条法，推导出简化计算模型中对角弹簧轴向刚度的计算方法. 结合组合墙体拟静力加载试验，验证了组合墙体简化计算模型的正确性，该模型满足基于弹性的设计要求，不适用于结构的弹塑性分析. 最后，基于组合墙体的简化计算模型，参照振动台试验试件建立了3层冷弯薄壁型钢结构房屋的有限元模型，通过弹性动力时程分析验证了组合墙体简化计算模型的正确性，可为轻钢结构的抗震设计提供参考.     

大跨度斜拉桥地震易损性分析

摒弃传统易损性分析假定，采用增量动力分析方法，提出改进损伤指标参数，对脉冲地震波和非脉冲地震波进行对比，定量分析桥梁结构损伤程度.首先，建立大跨度斜拉桥精细化有限元模型，使用增量动力分析方法，进行大跨度桥梁2 100次非线性时程分析；然后，以斜拉桥桥墩墩底、主塔塔底和支座系统为研究对象，选取合适的损伤指标建立各构件在不同损伤状态下的限值；最后，根据桥梁构件在各级地震作用下的损伤概率，为桥梁抗震提供参考意见.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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An on-line scaling method for improving scalability of a database cluster

The explosive growth of the Internet and database applications has driven database to be more scalable and available, and able to support on-line scaling without interrupting service. To support more client's queries without downtime and degrading the response time, more nodes have to be scaled up while the database is running. This paper presents the overview of scalable and available database that satisfies the above characteristics. And we propose a novel on-line scaling method. Our method improves the existing on-line scaling method for fast response time and higher throughputs. Our proposed method reduces unnecessary network use, i.e. , we decrease the number of data copy by reusing the backup data. Also, our on-line scaling operation can be processed parallel by selecting adequate nodes as new node. Our performance study shows that our method results in significant reduction in data copy time.     

An improved R-tree based on childnode''s probability

R-Tree is a good structure for spatial searching. But in this indexing structure,either the sequence of nodes in the same level or sequence of traveling these nodes when queries are made is random. Since the possibility that the object appears in different MBR which have the same parents node is different, if we make the subnode who has the most possibility be traveled first, the time cost will be decreased in most of the cases. In some case, the possibility of a point belong to a rectangle will shows direct proportion with the size of the rectangle. But this conclusion is based on an assumption that the objects are symmetrically distributing in the area and this assumption is not always coming into existence. Now we found a more direct parameter to scale the possibility and made a little change on the structure of R-tree, to increase the possibility of founding the satisfying answer in the front sub trees. We names this structure probability based arranged R-tree (PBAR-tree).     

Integrating GIS Web services based on mediating architecture

The geographic information service is enabled by the advancements in general Web service technology and the focused efforts of the OGC in defining XML-based Web GIS service. Based on these models, this paper addresses the issue of services chaining,the process of combining or pipelining results from several interoperable GIS Web Services to create a customized solution. This paper presents a mediated chaining architecture in which a specific service takes responsibility for performing the process that describes a service chain. We designed the Spatial Information Process Language (SIPL) for dynamic modeling and describing the service chain, also a prototype of the Spatial Information Process Execution Engine (SIPEE) is implemented for executing processes written in SIPL. Discussion of measures to improve the functionality and performance of such system will be included.     

Tracking data management using topology of moving object database system for moving object constrained trajectory in LBS application

Advances in wireless technologies and positioning technologies and spread of wireless devices, an interest in LBS (Location Based Service) is arising. To provide location based service, tracking data should have been stored in moving object database management system (called MODBMS) with proper policies and managed efficiently. So the methods which acquire the location information at regular time intervals then, store and manage have been studied. In this paper, we suggest tracking data management techniques using topology that is corresponding to the moving path of moving object. In our techniques, we update the MODBMS when moving object arrived at a street intersection or a curved road which is represented as the node in topology and predict the location at past and future with attribute of topology and linear function. In this technique, location data that are corresponding to the node in topology are stored, thus reduce the number of update and amount of data. Also in case predicting the location,because topology are used as well as existing location information, accuracy for prediction is increased than applying linear function or spline function.