用正弦信号源研究电气化铁道无线电干扰的横向电波传播特性

提出了一种新的研究电气化铁道无线电干扰电波传播规律的测量方法.此方法从干扰源处——接触网与受电弓之间馈入高频信号,由电气化铁道系统辐射出去进行测量.测量时,整个辐射系统与列车运行时射频干扰源的辐射系统相比没有变化,电波传播规律也保持不变。信号源的信号强度比较强,且是稳定信号,可以在较远的距离范围内对辐射场强分布进行测量,且可对其传播规律做详细的研究.解决了过去测量中的困难.建立了电波传播的非线性拟合模型,可以将近场、远场统一考虑回归,可更加良好地反映电气化铁道无线电干扰电波传播的规律.     

地磁观测中的磁偏角测量误差分析

介绍了磁偏角的测量原理,提出了磁偏角测量过程中的3个主要误差来源,即用CTM-DI磁力仪测量的磁北方向、标志方向的误差及GPS测量的测点与标志间的方位角误差.运用误差传播定律对各方向观测的精度进行分析,并推导了磁偏角测量的中误差计算公式,在此基础上,通过实例分析了目前所进行的地磁3分量测量中磁偏角的观测精度.结合观测实践,对提高磁偏角观测精度给出了几点建议.     

基于组织电阻抗差异的磁声电检测技术

磁声电(MAE)检测是一种基于超声传播和霍尔效应的多物理场耦合新技术,利用磁场中带电粒子超声振动所产生的电势信号来实现生物组织电阻抗差异的测量.本文基于换能器的振动传播和组织电导率分布,推导了导电组织内MAE信号的解析公式,并利用强指向性换能器进行了公式简化.利用三层电导率突变组织模型进行了数值模拟,结果表明检测到的MAE波簇由组织边界产生,其振动幅度和极性反映了超声传播方向上电导率梯度的大小和方向.建立了一个MAE测量实验系统,对多层凝胶组织模型进行了实验测量,所采集的MAE信号和模拟结果高度一致.理论和实验结果证明,所提出的磁声电检测技术能测量组织边界的电导率梯度,反映超声传播路径上的电阻抗差异,为该技术在生物组织电导率的无损检测和成像提供了新方法.     

一种减轻非视距传播影响的移动台定位方法

提出了一种使用判决和卡尔曼滤波器相结合抑制消除非视距(NLOS)误差的定位方法.该方法假设目标移动台正处于跟踪状态,首先对距离测量结果中是否存在NLOS误差进行判断;然后根据判决结果选择两种不同的滤波器,对于NLOS传播由偏差卡尔曼滤波器消除NLOS误差,而对于LOS传播由无偏差卡尔曼滤波器对测量值进行平滑处理;最后利用处理后的数据估计移动台的位置.仿真结果表明在NLOS传播环境下该方法具有较高的准确性,可以有效消除NLOS误差,取得满足要求的定位精度.     

超短波移动通信场强测试标准方法的研究

本文以专门的电波传播实测数据为基础,根据数理统计与电波传播理论,对移动通信场强测试应采用的测试区间长度、样本间隔、重复测量次数等问题进行了严格的误差分析.根据实测数据分析建立了信号衰落幅度概率分布的经验模型,并据此对国外专家的有关结论进行了修正.提出了在45个波长为长度的测试区间内,以一个波长的间隔均匀抽取样本,并重复测量4次的测试方法,作为对场强测试方法标准化的探讨.     

简易的超声波测距系统

根据超声波的传播特性,采用555电路产生40 kHz正弦波驱动超声波换能器,通过单片机适时控制外围电路,对超声波在空气中的传播时间进行测量,从而设计了超声波测距系统.本文详细的阐述了超声波测距系统的构成,电路原理,程序设计及温度补偿.     

基于现代通信模型的遥远星系光色变化研究

本文基于现代通信模型对星光信号处理分为星光发射、太空信道传播、地面接收三大功能模块.星光变化主要是传播信道所致.对单色正弦波信号频率随传播距离而衰减进行理论分析,并介绍单色声波、单色电磁波频率随传播距离而缓慢衰减的实验测量过程、实验结果.论证遥远星系的光色变化(红移),可归结为星光频率随太空传播距离而成指数规律衰减、或近似为线性(即哈勃定律)衰减的关系.     

全站仪中间法三角高程测量精度分析

通过对全站仪中间法三角高程测量原理进行分析,推导了中间法三角高程的误差传播公式,研究了测距误差、测角误差和大气折光系数误差对高差的精度影响.采用中间法三角高程测量方法在一个较小范围内进行了三角高程测量,779 m的水准路线测量闭合差为0.5 mm,并和精密二等水准成果进行了对比分析,试验结果验证了该方法可以替代高精度水准测量的可行性.     

超声脉冲法测量固体材料切变模量

研究利用扭转超声脉冲测量固体材料切变模量的动力学新方法与新技术.用磁致伸缩式集成超声传感器激发和接收扭转超声脉冲,测量其在被测材料试样中的传播时间,根据试样长度及材料密度计算出材料切变模量.讨论该方法的测量原理,测量系统构成和磁致伸缩式扭转超声脉冲激发与接收集成传感器设计原理;对影响测量不确定度的因素进行了分析.采用基于Wiedemann效应的磁致伸缩式超声传感器及通用电子仪器对3种不同材料的切变模量进行了测量,实验结果证明了该方法的实用性.     

典型海底条件下抛物方程声场计算方法的缩比实验验证

为验证抛物方程近似方法在声场计算中的正确性,进行了模拟弹性海底的声传播测量实验.实验中利用质地均匀的聚氯乙烯（PVC）板模拟弹性海底,在消声水池中分别测量了水平和倾斜时海底下的声传播损失.理论研究中,应用抛物方程方法及在其基础上发展的坐标映射抛物方程方法仿真计算了2种实验环境下的声传播损失曲线.实验结果表明,仿真计算结果与实测结果吻合较好,充分验证了所研究计算方法的正确性.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with