中原城市群服务业水平空间格局演变

以中原城市群县域服务业为研究对象,通过空间自相关、插值分析和标准离差椭圆方法,对2002—2013年中原城市群服务业水平空间格局特征进行分析.结果表明:1中原城市群服务业空间集聚程度由强减弱,高水平区与低水平区呈分散的集中分布趋势.2总体上服务业空间差异较大,中心外围结构明显,形成了以郑州、洛阳、新乡为核心的多中心空间结构;东部和南部地区服务业发展较慢,核心城市服务业带动作用不显著,要加快其辐射引领作用.3中原城市群服务业以郑州为中心,呈现沿长轴方向扩张,短轴方向收缩的趋势,呈较小的西南—东北分布模式,主要向洛阳、新乡、开封方向扩张,反映了郑—汴—洛及郑—新一体化进程的加快.     

中原经济区城市流强度时空变化分析

以中原经济区为研究区域,选取2000年和2009年两个时间截面,采用城市流强度模型,对中原经济区28个城市的城市流强度进行测度,根据计算结果将中原经济区28个城市的城市流强度分为高水平平稳型、较高水平增长型、较高水平缓增型等14种类型.结果显示,2000—2009年,中原经济区城市流强度空间整体格局保持不变,呈现围绕郑州、洛阳的圈层结构;中原经济区北部围绕郑州和洛阳形成城市流强度高梯度区域,而南部由于处于经济区边缘,且处于省际地区,为城市流强度低梯度区域,故在南北方向上北高南低;东西方向上,东部受经济近邻效应影响明显,而西部紧靠西部欠发达地区,故城市流强度东高西低;随着时间的变化,经济区核心城市的溢出作用开始凸显.     

基于MERRA2再分析资料的全球AOD和沙尘AOD空间分布及趋势

利用MERRA2再分析资料和气溶胶遥感观测网(AERONET)观测资料,分析了全球气溶胶和沙尘气溶胶光学厚度(AOD)的空间分布及趋势.结果表明, MERRA2的AOD与AERONET观测结果相关性较好,相关系数为0.44～0.92,均方根误差为0.03～0.52,均方根误差较大的站点多位于东亚地区. AOD0.2的站点多位于北美、澳大利亚和欧洲, MERRA2对AOD值较低的站点高估0～0.04.AOD值较高的站点多位于东亚、南美、非洲, MERRA2对AOD值较高的站点低估0～0.22. MERRA2在中东地区的再现效果最好,北美和东亚地区效果较差. 2000-2017年AOD最高值在中国的四川盆地、华北平原及长三角地区;其次为印度恒河平原、塔克拉玛干沙漠、非洲和阿拉伯半岛,低值区在北美、南美、澳大利亚、俄罗斯和青藏高原地区.印度及相邻的阿拉伯海域AOD显著增加,增加速率约0.08/10 a.不同季节而言,夏季AOD最大,春季次之,秋季和冬季较小;沙尘AOD最高值为北非的沙漠地区,其次为塔克拉玛干和阿拉伯半岛.印度恒河平原沙尘AOD显著减小,减小速率约0.03/10 a.沙尘AOD呈夏季最大,春季次之,秋冬季较小的特征.     

基于MODIS数据的郑州地区PM_(2.5)时空分布特征分析

卫星观测不仅能反映全球尺度的大气污染状况,也能从城市等区域尺度上监测大气污染物的变化.本文基于2004-2013年MODIS气溶胶标准产品,利用PM_(2.5)卫星遥感估算的统计模型,统计分析了郑州地区的PM_(2.5)质量浓度的年际及季节变化特点,有助于深入研究郑州地区细颗粒物污染水平变化.研究发现,在空间上,郑州地区PM_(2.5)高值区主要集中在郑州市市辖区、中牟县、新郑市、荥阳市以及巩义市西北等地区,低值区主要分布于登封市和巩义市南部的山地地区.在时间上,2004-2011年整个郑州地区PM_(2.5)质量浓度总体呈现逐年增长的趋势,直到2011年达到峰值(108.59μg/m3).2011年之后,该地区PM_(2.5)污染状况有所好转,但仍处于重度污染状态.季节变化方面,PM_(2.5)高值通常出现在冬季(149.28μg/m3),秋季次之,春、夏季该地区PM_(2.5)质量浓度较低(81.71μg/m3).研究结果表明,利用卫星数据可以有效地分析郑州地区的PM_(2.5)时空分布特征,为该地区的PM_(2.5)污染治理提供有力的数据和技术支撑.     

甘肃半干旱区城乡气溶胶光学特性的观测与分析

利用CE318型太阳光度计(532nm波段)在2004年5月-2007年5月的城乡观测资料,反演分析了半干旱地区城乡气溶胶的光学特征.得到了气溶胶光学厚度(AOD)的年季变化,并对不同季节气溶胶的光学厚度以及波长指数的变化规律进行了讨论.结合兰州市郊区资料,对城郊大气气溶胶光学特征进行了对比及原因分析.认为较城市而言,半干旱区乡村大气总体上较城市更为洁净.城市气溶胶受到冬季采暖期等人为因素的影响,出现了AOD冬季大、夏季小的特点.气溶胶主要以工业粉尘和沙尘气溶胶为主,夜间逆温层对AOD的日变化影响较大.乡村春季沙尘天气较多,气溶胶浓度变化受季节的影响,春季AOD最大.气溶胶主控粒子多为沙尘粒子.     

2000—2019年东北三省气溶胶光学厚度的时空分布特征

利用MODIS高时空分辨率(日; 1 km×1 km)气溶胶光学厚度新产品MCD19A2, 研究东北三省2000—2019年气溶胶光学厚度(AOD)的时空分布特征。结果显示, 东北三省近20年来AOD变化不大, 均值为0.23。2003年, 春旱、扬沙和农田秸秆燃烧导致AOD最高(0.38)。AOD从南往北呈递减趋势, 总体上辽宁省>吉林省>黑龙江省。AOD高值区集中在辽中南城市群等人口密集的工业发达地区, 低值区分布在大兴安岭、小兴安岭和长白山脉等山区。AOD具有季节分布特征, 春夏季高, 秋冬季低。研究结果可为气溶胶对大气辐射收支平衡影响的研究以及模拟颗粒物浓度提供基础。     

基于DEA模型的中原城市群城市效率研究

运用数据包络分析方法,对2012年中原城市群9个城市的城市效率进行定量研究.结果表明:郑州、洛阳和济源的城市效率达到最优,处于高水平阶段;平顶山、新乡的城市效率均在0.90以上,城市效率水平较高;漯河、许昌的城市效率水平处于中等;开封和焦作的城市效率则位于低水平阶段.通过对各市的投入产出分析发现,郑州、洛阳、济源3个城市的资源投入量和产出量为合理值,而平顶山、新乡、漯河、许昌、开封和焦作均存在不同程度的投入冗余现象.     

大郑州都市圈政府间合作问题研究

大郑州都市圈主要包括郑州、洛阳、开封、焦作、新乡、许昌等城市,属中原城市群的紧密联系圈。这一地区地域毗邻、经济互补、联系紧密,具备经济深度合作、融合发展的前提和基础。河南省政府出台的《中原经济区建设纲要》也把"推进郑汴一体化发展,实现郑州与洛阳、新乡、许昌、焦作对接联动"作为一项重要内容。要实现都市圈内政府之间的合作,首先要达成共识,树立"共赢"的合作理念;其次,要建立健全都市圈政府合作的法律制度和建立跨行政区的区域经济合作组织。     

华北地区气溶胶的季节垂直分布特征及其光学特性

利用CALIPSO卫星2级产品,分析了华北地区不同污染条件下气溶胶光学厚度(AOD)的时空分布特征,气溶胶的季节成分比例及其光学属性和垂直分布特征.结合AERONET观测数据,对气溶胶的季节光学属性进行了验证.结果表明,华北地区AOD高值区分布于海拔较低的平原地带,低值区主要位于海拔较高的山地丘陵;夏季AOD最大,春季最小;能见度大时AOD小,能见度小时AOD大.华北地区气溶胶以人类活动产生的气溶胶为主,但在春季、秋季、冬季受来自北方的沙尘影响显著;春季退偏振比和色比值最大,夏季最小.春季沙尘被长距离传输至对流层中部及以上区域,夏季强烈的大气垂直对流活动使得大量气溶胶从边界层内被带至自由对流层,秋冬季稳定的气象条件使大量的气溶胶滞留在边界层内.     

基于太阳光度计的天津沿海地区气溶胶特性

利用MicrotopsⅡ型手持太阳光度计实测的气溶胶光学厚度(AOD)对天津沿海地区气溶胶光学特性进行研究,并结合波长指数α、浑浊度系数β对气溶胶特性进行进一步分析.结果表明:在研究时段2018年3月到11月中,AOD500月变化的最高值出现在7月,为0.94±0.38,最低值出现在5月,为0.41±0.20;在季节变化中夏季最高,秋季最低.α月变化的最高值出现在7月,为1.42±0.02,最低值出现在5月,为0.76±0.42;在季节分布中夏季最高,春季最低,根据波长指数分布特点,细粒子占天津沿海地区气溶胶类型的主导地位.β在研究时段内平均为0.39±0.33,空气以较为浑浊为主,月分布中最低月和最高月分别出现在5月和11月,季节分布中夏季最高.在气溶胶的模态占比分析中,细模态占据主要贡献比率.AOD高值可能与北方沙尘、海盐气溶胶、细模态气溶胶吸湿增长有关.     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

Perspherical Approaches for Electrons in Atoms and Charged Excitons in Quantum Wells

Instead of following Fock’s expansion,we solve the Schrodinger equation for some quantum mechanical manybody systems such as electrons in atoms and charged excitons in quantum wells in a similar way in hyperspherical coordinates by expanding the wave functions into orthonormal complete basis sets of the hyperspherical hannonics(HHs)of hyperangles and generalized Laguerre polynomials(GLPs)of the hyperradius.This leads the equation to     

Advances in broadband wireless communications under high-mobility scenarios

Future mobile communication systems aim at providing very high data transmission rates, even in high-mobility scenarios such as high-speed wheel-track trains, maglev trains, highway vehicles, airplanes, guided missiles or spacecraft. A particularly important commercial application is the strong and increasing worldwide demand for high- speed broadband wireless communications （up to 574.8 km/ h test speeds or 380 km/h commercial speeds） in railways, providing data, voice and video services for applications such as onboard entertainment services to passengers, train control, train dispatch, train sensor status handling and sur- veillance. In such high-mobility scenarios, there are a number of communication challenges, including fast hand- over, location updating, high-speed channel modeling, estimation and equalization, anti-Doppler spreading tech- niques, fast power control, and dedicated network architec- ture. Because signal transmission in very high-speed scenarios will inevitably experience serious deterioration, it is imperative to develop key broadband mobile communi- cation techniques for such high-speed vehicles.     

Wuhan University Journal of Natural Sciences TOTAL CONTENTS

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海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Scale-based spatial data model for GIS

Being the primary media of geographical information and the elementary objects manipulated, almost all of maps adopt the layer-based model to represent geographic information in the existent GIS. However, it is difficult to extend the map represented in layer-based model. Furthermore, in Web-Based GIS, It is slow to transmit the spatial data for map viewing. In this paper, for solving the questions above, we have proposed a new method for representing the spatial data. That is scale-based model. In this model we represent maps in three levels: scale-view, block, and spatial object, and organize the maps in a set of map layers, named Scale-View, which associates some given scales.Lastly, a prototype Web-Based GIS using the proposed spatial data representation is described briefly.     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to