固溶温度对Ag2205双相不锈钢组织与性能的影响

通过添加Cu–Ag合金颗粒制备Ag2205双相不锈钢,并分别在1 050,1 075,1 100,1 125和1 150℃对其进行固溶处理;利用光学显微镜、扫描电子显微镜、拉伸试验、电化学工作站及覆膜法等研究固溶温度对Ag2205双相不锈钢组织、力学性能、耐蚀性能及抗菌性能的影响,并与母材2205及Cu2205不锈钢的实验结果进行对比分析。研究结果表明:随着固溶温度的升高,Ag2205材料内γ相体积分数逐渐降低且γ相先变粗后细化,而α相体积分数逐渐提高;此外,微米级的含Ag相主要分布于α基体及α/γ相界处,升高固溶温度会促进Ag相溶解;随着固溶温度的升高,含Ag材料洛氏硬度和抗拉强度均先降低后升高,但伸长率持续增大,当固溶温度为1150℃时,Ag2205综合力学性能最佳且优于母材与含Cu2205材料的力学性能;Ag的加入会降低2205材料的耐蚀性,但提高固溶温度可改善其耐蚀性能,且在1125℃固溶后,其耐蚀性已优于母材耐蚀性;3种材料中,Cu2205材料的耐蚀性最好;当固溶温度大于等于1 075℃时含Ag材料具有优异的抗菌性能,Cu2205材料及母材则不具备抗菌效果。     

冷拔变形（F＋M）型双相钢的氢脆

实验采用阴极电解预充氢试样拉伸的方法,研究了冷拔变形05Si2铁素体-马氏体型双相钢的氢脆敏感性及断裂行为。发现双相钢氢脆敏感性随着冷拔变形量的增大出现一峰值,以及氢致铁素体基体的脆化现象。     

晶界工程处理对304不锈钢耐蚀性能和力学性能的影响

通过扫描电子显微镜、电化学工作站、晶间腐蚀试验及万能材料拉伸试验机研究了晶界工程处理对304不锈钢耐腐蚀性能和力学性能的影响。结果显示,经8%冷轧变形及1 100 ℃退火6 min处理后的304不锈钢,与1 050 ℃固溶处理30 min的304不锈钢相比,低重合位置点阵(coincidence site lattice, ΣCSL) 晶界比例从45.1%增加到77.8%,Σ3晶界比例从42.0%增加到65.5%。并且在迁移的随机晶界上引入了具有低晶界能的特殊晶界片段退火孪晶,降低了大角度晶界网络的连通性,优化了晶界分布,提升了304不锈钢抗晶间腐蚀性能。晶界工程处理对304不锈钢的力学性能影响较小,晶界工程处理后,其抗拉强度和屈服强度小幅度降低,分别降低了20 MPa和13 MPa,伸长率提高了8%。     

固溶处理温度对2507双相不锈钢组织结构及耐蚀性能的影响

【目的】现代工业的飞速发展对双相不锈钢的使用要求越来越高,为扩大2507双相不锈钢(DSS2507)的实际应用,本研究探讨固溶处理温度对DSS2507组织结构、硬度及耐蚀性能的影响。【方法】通过定量金相法及硬度法研究固溶处理温度对DSS2507显微组织结构以及硬度的影响;通过电化学实验分析固溶处理温度对DSS2507抗腐蚀能力的影响。【结果】随着固溶处理温度的上升,铁素体α相含量增多而奥氏体γ相含量减少,固溶处理温度为1 050~1 100℃时可使钢中铁素体相跟奥氏体相的比例达到1∶1。固溶处理温度为1 000~1 050℃时DSS2507的硬度降低;但固溶处理温度从1 050℃升高到1 200℃时,其硬度又逐渐升高。另外,随着固溶处理温度从1 000℃升高到1 200℃,DSS2507的耐均匀腐蚀和点蚀性能先增强后减弱,1 050℃处理的DSS2507抗电化学腐蚀性能最优。【结论】固溶处理温度为1 050~1 100℃时可以使DSS2507两相比例达到1∶1,经1 050℃固溶处理的DSS2507抗电化学腐蚀性能最优。     

固溶和时效处理对碳纳米管/2024铝合金复合材料组织和性能的影响

对碳纳米管/2024铝合金复合材料进行固溶和时效处理，通过维氏硬度和室温拉伸实验测试了复合材料的性能，对固溶和时效处理后复合材料的微观组织和析出相进行了表征。研究发现，复合材料的强塑性与固溶和时效处理密切相关，碳纳米管/2024铝合金复合材料经530 ℃×4 h固溶处理后维氏硬度达到最高，为179.45，较原始复合材料维氏硬度提高约31%。时效处理后加速了时效硬化行为，经130 ℃×4 h时效处理后复合材料的抗拉强度、屈服强度和伸长率最高，分别为430.4 MPa，606.1 MPa和9.5%。结果表明，碳纳米管/2024铝合金复合材料适宜的固溶和时效制度为：固溶处理530 ℃×4 h，时效处理130 ℃×4 h。     

预时效对7020铝合金组织与性能的影响

采用维氏硬度(HV)、电导率测试(EC)、扫描电镜(SEM)、透射电镜(TEM)、室温拉伸、冲击韧性实验研究预时效对7020铝合金组织与性能的影响。研究结果表明:合金经470℃固溶1 h后进行65℃预时效处理,与直接双级时效对比,合金的拉伸性能随预时效时间的延长而逐渐上升;65℃/168 h+90℃/8 h+160℃/26 h的抗拉强度为355.9 MPa,屈服强度为290.5 MPa,伸长率为16.3%,维氏硬度为120.9,电导率为22.4 MS/m;直接双级时效时,抗拉强度为320.4 MPa,屈服强度为256.7 MPa,伸长率为17.6%;维氏硬度为103.5,电导率为21.9 MS/m;合金经470℃固溶1 h后进行65℃预时效处理时,沿挤压方向和垂直挤压方向冲击吸收功分别为52.1 J和45.9 J;直接双级时效时,沿挤压方向和垂直挤压方向冲击吸收功分别为43.5 J和38.8 J;时效析出相随预时效时间的延长在晶内、晶界越来越细小弥散,晶界析出相断续分布。     

热等静压316L不锈钢致密体的组织与性能

采用热等静压方法对气雾化316L奥氏体不锈钢粉末致密化,用箱式电阻炉对致密体进行了固溶处理,研究了固溶前后致密体的显微组织和力学性能,并对其拉伸断口形貌进行了分析．结果表明：热等静压态致密体密度接近理论全致密,内部组织为细小的奥氏体,存在较多的碳化物,抗拉强度、屈服强度分别达到595．3MPa和263．3MPa,延伸率为58．3％,硬度为HBS152．3;固溶处理使致密体强度和硬度降低,塑性增加,且随着固溶温度的提高,强度迅速降低,塑性明显提高,最佳固溶温度为1050℃;在固溶温度为1050℃和水冷的情况下,最佳保温时间为20min;固溶处理前后拉伸试样断口呈现明显的韧性断裂,固溶韧性好于固溶前的,均高于热轧态产品的韧性．     

固溶处理对00Cr25Ni7Mo3N双相不锈钢超塑性和连接性能的影响

采用不同固溶工艺处理后的00Cr25Ni7Mo3N双相不锈钢,在恒温的热拉伸试验机上进行超塑性测试,通过Gleeble3500热模拟试验机进行超塑性扩散连接实验研究,并采用扫描电镜对固溶处理金相及连接试样界面孔洞进行观察.结果表明,由于固溶处理温度不同,α相和γ相体积比(xα/xγ)不同.超塑性拉伸测试中,在同一变形条件下,随着初始xα/xγ的增大,延伸率和峰值应力相应增大.固溶温度为1350℃的试样,在960℃、1×10-3s-1条件下拉伸,延伸率达到1186%;超塑性扩散连接在1100℃温度下进行时,压力加载形式不同,扩散连接界面结合机理不同,但加载形式对试样的界面剪切强度影响不大.在连接过程中,界面孔洞闭合情况和滞留位置与晶界迁移的相对速度有关.     

不同Al质量分数的铸造304不锈钢组织和性能

通过中频无芯感应炉,在无保护气氛的大气中熔炼铸造制备Al质量分数为0%、1.5%、2%、3%的304不锈钢,并对其进行1 050℃,保温45min的固溶处理,利用X射线衍射仪、光学显微镜、电子探针(EPMA)、扫描电镜(SEM)、拉伸试验和腐蚀试验,研究不同Al质量分数304不锈钢的组织和性能.结果表明:304不锈钢中加入Al元素后合金的组织由奥氏体+少量的骨骼状的δ铁素体逐渐转变为奥氏体+铁素体双相组织,当含Al质量分数为3.0%时,304不锈钢的基体组织转变为铁素体和在铁素体晶界上分布着的少量奥氏体.固溶态高铝304不锈钢的性能优于铸态性能,含Al质量分数1.5%的固溶态304不锈钢具有最优的力学性能和耐腐蚀性能,与未加铝的304相比,各种性能均得到较大提高.     

固溶处理对Fe-Mn-Al-C钢组织及力学性能的影响

通过XRD,OM,SEM,EDS,EPMA表征了不同铝质量分数(6%,8%,10%)的铸态Fe-Mn-Al-C钢经过不同温度固溶处理1 h后的组织,并对其性能进行了研究,结果表明:不同铝质量分数的Fe-Mn-Al-C钢的硬度经900、950、1 000℃固溶处理后,随固溶温度的升高硬度均表现为先增加后降低.3种钢的硬度在950℃固溶处理时表现为最大值,分别为240、298、337 HV.固溶温度升高时,3种铝质量分数的Fe-Mn-Al-C钢组织中铁素体相体积分数增加,奥氏体相的形貌发生变化;w(Al)=6%的Fe-Mn-Al-C钢的抗拉强度随固溶温度的升高而增大,1 000℃时达到最大值455 MPa;w(Al)=8%的Fe-Mn-Al-C钢抗拉强度随固溶温度升高而降低,但较铸态有所提高;900℃固溶时达到最大值504 MPa.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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An on-line scaling method for improving scalability of a database cluster

The explosive growth of the Internet and database applications has driven database to be more scalable and available, and able to support on-line scaling without interrupting service. To support more client's queries without downtime and degrading the response time, more nodes have to be scaled up while the database is running. This paper presents the overview of scalable and available database that satisfies the above characteristics. And we propose a novel on-line scaling method. Our method improves the existing on-line scaling method for fast response time and higher throughputs. Our proposed method reduces unnecessary network use, i.e. , we decrease the number of data copy by reusing the backup data. Also, our on-line scaling operation can be processed parallel by selecting adequate nodes as new node. Our performance study shows that our method results in significant reduction in data copy time.     

An improved R-tree based on childnode''s probability

R-Tree is a good structure for spatial searching. But in this indexing structure,either the sequence of nodes in the same level or sequence of traveling these nodes when queries are made is random. Since the possibility that the object appears in different MBR which have the same parents node is different, if we make the subnode who has the most possibility be traveled first, the time cost will be decreased in most of the cases. In some case, the possibility of a point belong to a rectangle will shows direct proportion with the size of the rectangle. But this conclusion is based on an assumption that the objects are symmetrically distributing in the area and this assumption is not always coming into existence. Now we found a more direct parameter to scale the possibility and made a little change on the structure of R-tree, to increase the possibility of founding the satisfying answer in the front sub trees. We names this structure probability based arranged R-tree (PBAR-tree).     

Integrating GIS Web services based on mediating architecture

The geographic information service is enabled by the advancements in general Web service technology and the focused efforts of the OGC in defining XML-based Web GIS service. Based on these models, this paper addresses the issue of services chaining,the process of combining or pipelining results from several interoperable GIS Web Services to create a customized solution. This paper presents a mediated chaining architecture in which a specific service takes responsibility for performing the process that describes a service chain. We designed the Spatial Information Process Language (SIPL) for dynamic modeling and describing the service chain, also a prototype of the Spatial Information Process Execution Engine (SIPEE) is implemented for executing processes written in SIPL. Discussion of measures to improve the functionality and performance of such system will be included.     

Tracking data management using topology of moving object database system for moving object constrained trajectory in LBS application

Advances in wireless technologies and positioning technologies and spread of wireless devices, an interest in LBS (Location Based Service) is arising. To provide location based service, tracking data should have been stored in moving object database management system (called MODBMS) with proper policies and managed efficiently. So the methods which acquire the location information at regular time intervals then, store and manage have been studied. In this paper, we suggest tracking data management techniques using topology that is corresponding to the moving path of moving object. In our techniques, we update the MODBMS when moving object arrived at a street intersection or a curved road which is represented as the node in topology and predict the location at past and future with attribute of topology and linear function. In this technique, location data that are corresponding to the node in topology are stored, thus reduce the number of update and amount of data. Also in case predicting the location,because topology are used as well as existing location information, accuracy for prediction is increased than applying linear function or spline function.