长江万州-巫山段阶地成因

根据长江万州-巫山段的阶地类型、沉积物特征和形成时代,结合青藏高原间歇性构造隆升过程、深海氧同位素变化曲线和青藏高原冰期-间冰期旋回,探讨730 ka B.P.以来万州-巫山段河流阶地的成因.研究表明,河流阶地不同阶段的下切速率响应了青藏高原的2期构造隆升事件:昆黄运动、共和运动.在与深海氧同位素气候周期旋回的比较中发现,阶地主要在冰期发生堆积,研究区T3、T2、T1阶地堆积期主要集中在MIS5d、MIS3b和YD冷期;下切期响应了共和运动的构造抬升过程.T4阶地主要发育于深海氧同位素MIS12阶段及青藏高原聂聂雄拉冰期,沉积物特征与同期珠穆朗玛峰北坡海洋型冰川具有相似的气候背景,表明T4阶地堆积期主要受控于气候变化.T5阶地的发育响应了重要构造运动——昆黄运动的构造抬升,下切至基岩;MIS18-MIS17气候转换期的不稳定性促进了河流的下切.构造运动、气候变化是万州-巫山段阶地形成演化的主要原因,并在对不同阶地的堆积-下切发育阶段的影响上具有相似性和差异性.     

无钟高炉炉料分布预测模型

为提高无钟高炉炉喉料面的预测精度,建立了考虑炉料运动的炉料分布数学模型.在分析炉料运动的基础上,指出了炉料运动是影响炉料堆积过程的重要因素,采用尺寸比1:10的无钟布料器模型试验分析了不同炉料分速度对炉料堆积行为的影响,建立了考虑炉料运动因素的料堆轮廓预测模型,并通过数值方法确定了料堆的位置和料面轮廓曲线,应用于料面形状的预测.结果表明:炉料的运动是造成料堆两侧堆积角差异、料堆横截面面积变化以及料面轮廓改变的重要原因,料堆轮廓采用直线段和曲线相结合的方式进行构造,炉料的堆积角和曲线过渡区域长度作为重要的模型参数均考虑了炉料速度的影响,模型构造的轮廓接近真实料堆形状,应用该模型实现了炉喉料面的准确预测.     

颗粒堆积物在不同堆放方式下的占空比和分形维数的计算

通过计算机编程模拟了在二维体系下颗粒堆积物规则堆积、交错堆积、随机堆积、混合堆积的过程,计算了不同堆放方式下颗粒堆积物的占空比k及分形维数d.我们发现颗粒物质的占空比k及分形维数d与堆积方式和颗粒大小有关.     

青藏高原东南缘四姑娘山地区末次冰期砾石沉积和冰楔特征

四姑娘山位于青藏高原东南缘,第四纪冰川可分为3期.末次冰期时长坪沟口属于冰缘地带,在前次冰期冰碛物上发育了冰楔构造,冰缘地带冰川融水形成黑色细砾堆积.根据新的证据,末次冰期时四姑娘山长坪沟口附近年平均气温比现在低14～20℃.末次冰川作用发生时恰好也是四姑娘山地区强烈抬升的时期,因此,这套粗碎屑堆积可能是推覆构造的沉积响应,表明末次冰期时可能存在气候与构造联动作用.四姑娘山地区末次冰川规模较倒数第二次冰期明显偏小.     

玻璃微珠粒度级配对振实堆积率的影响

为了研究不同粒径玻璃微珠堆积时粒径比及细颗粒体积分数对体系堆积率的影响规律,通过振实密度仪测试体系的堆积率并与堆积率的数学模型计算结果进行比较.结果表明,Furnas模型与实验值吻合较好(R≤7).两种粒径玻璃微珠堆积时,随粗细粒径比R的增大,堆积效率提高.细颗粒的体积分数为0.3左右时,堆积率达到最大.三种粒径玻璃微珠堆积时,体积比为7:1:2或6:1:3可使堆积率达到最大.修正后的Furnas模型可使二组分堆积计算值与实验值的误差低于1％(R≤7).通过引入当量直径并结合修正后的Furnas模型,可使三组分堆积率的估算误差低于2％.     

酱香型白酒分层移位发酵工艺研究

酱香型糟醅在堆积过程中,不同部位升温不同而使各层糟醅具有不同风格.将堆积糟醅分为A、B、C类.采用A、B、C类糟醅分别与窖内上、中、下三层进行组合分层下池发酵,形成多种组合下窖方式.其中组合一方式可使上层酒酱味更加突出,中层酒更加醇甜,下层酒窖香味更加突出;组合二方式可使中层酒和下层酒具有较突出的酱香.     

混凝土致密堆积模式及不同密度骨材的混凝土工程性质

从混凝土致密堆积配比设计逻辑出发,研究了不同密度骨材(水库废弃淤泥烧结的骨材、天然骨材(石头)与实心钢珠为混凝土骨材,骨材密度分别为1.7、2.6和7.8kg.m-3)经致密配比的堆积,获得了轻质、常重与重质高性能混凝土的材料及其配比关系,对比分析了不同密度骨材混凝土特性包括新拌性质及硬固行为的影响.     

广西平果堆积铝土矿岩溶地貌演化与成矿作用

研究了广西平果堆积铝土矿岩溶地貌演化与成矿作用.研究结果表明:广西平果堆积铝土矿风化程度的发展对应于矿区岩溶地貌的演化:地貌分带是矿区岩溶演化的基本规律之一;随着地貌演化过程中岩溶类型的顺序发展,地貌分带形态的变化趋向于不规则;矿区岩溶类型分带对应不同的水系结构,分带地貌演化反映水系发展过程,从水系演化关系指示矿区岩溶在地壳抬升过程中多旋回活动的特征;通过对比那豆与太平一教美矿区,发现堆积矿的分布形态随地貌演化趋向于分散和不均匀,堆积矿成分的变化趋势符合风化过程的一般规律;堆积矿的氧化铝含量经历了从上升到下降的变化过程,与地下岩溶演化程度密切相关;根据岩溶地貌初步恢复了矿区地下小流域水系分布形态,发现岩溶水系发育程度是形成地貌差异和堆积矿变化的基本原因.     

烧结温度对Cu-P金属结合剂堆积磨料 结构和性能的影响

在不同烧结温度下,以Cu-P合金为结合剂制备金刚石堆积磨料.利用差热分析(DTA)和X射线衍射(XRD)测试Cu-P合金的熔化特性与物相组成,采用扫描电镜(SEM)方法对堆积磨料的显微结构、金刚石和结合剂界面润湿性进行分析,并测试堆积磨料的单颗粒抗压强度、冲击韧性、气孔率、平均孔径尺寸等物理性能.对比了不同温度下烧结制备的堆积磨料的磨削性能,并阐述磨料磨损机理.结果表明,760℃烧结的堆积磨料,Cu-P结合剂对金刚石的包裹程度好,润湿性好,金刚石出刃高度适宜,并具有优异的力学性能.其单颗粒抗压强度、冲击韧性、气孔率、平均孔隙尺寸分别为23 N、78％、29.33％、18.53μm.760℃烧结的堆积磨料具有最优的磨削性能,磨削后砂轮中的堆积磨料处于半磨损状态,当氧化锆陶瓷的磨削比为24.8时,工件表面粗糙度为1.01μm.     

长江中游末次冰期风成堆积及其环境指示

该文研究了长江中游发育末次冰期的风成堆积序列.彭泽红光、小学剖面为黄土状土→中细砂堆积,其间夹有4个淤泥层;沙场剖面,为厚层的中细砂,有4个砂质亚粘土和(或)湖相淤泥夹层.OSL与~(14)C_(org)测年揭示,前者对应末次冰期早、中期,后者为末次冰期中、后期的堆积.粒度与元素指标揭示,两剖面物质组成具有统一性,可能指示沙山堆积具有统一物质来源.推测这个源地是沙山上风向的长江河谷.小学剖面黄土状土是沙山发育过程中在下风向的衍生堆积.     

永安镇油田构造特征

永安镇油田位于单断式箕状凹陷（东营凹陷）的陡坡断阶带,受３条大断层控制,从南向北出现了低、中、高３个台阶带。这一主体构造形式奠定了该油田基本构造格局,并控制了永安镇油田的油气差异运聚与油气分布规律,从南向北依次出现低饱和油藏、饱和油藏、油气藏、气藏这样一个油气藏分布序列。     

维护北京城的整体格局是保护古都独特风貌的基础

北京旧城的规划建设文化积淀深厚，源远流长，在现代化建设，迈向国际大都市的过程中，只有维护住了她的整体格局，才能保护古都北京特有的风貌。     

Thickness of calcium carbonate coats on stones of the Heishanxia terraces of the Yellow River and dating of coarse clastic sedimentary geomorphic surfaces

The calcium carbonate coats on stones developed in soil on the geomorphic surfaces of coarse clastic sediments in arid-semiarid regions contain evident information of age. The thickness of coats can be used not only as a good age indicator for the geomorphic surfaces but also coats themselves can be directly used as dating materials in the ESR method. Through measuring the thickness of carbonate coats on stones in soils on the alluvial terraces in the mouth of the Heishanxia gorge of the Yellow River and ESR dating of layers separated from the carbonate coats, the average of accumulation rates of the thickness of carbonate coats on stones since 1.57 Ma was calculated to be 0.10 mm/ka in the studied area, and a regression equation between carbonate coat thickness and age was also generated. From these research results, ages of T2-T11 terraces of the Yellow River in the studied area were systematically determined, and their values are in turn 18 ka, 94 ka, 139 ka, 215 ka, 305 ka, 410 ka, 495 ka, 742 ka, 1072 ka and 1570 ka. The reliability of all these age data is confirmed by the obtained 14C, OSL ages (T2, T3 and T4) and ESR ages of neighbor terraces, and they are completely consistent with the geological epochs estimated by geological and geomorphologic comparison and analysis.     

Age and genesis of the Shagou River terraces in eastern Qilian Mountains

The fluvial terrace sequence in eastern Qilian Mountains is a record of periodic uplift events of the Tibetan Plateau. Based on paleomagnetic dating, thermolumines-cence dating, radio carbon dating and loess-paleosol sequence on terraces, we preliminarily determine the ages of five major terraces of the Shagou River, northern side of the Qilian Mountains. The ages of five terraces were about 830, 418, 250,140 and 10 ka, respectively. Analysis on characteristics of terraces show that five major terraces were mainly tectonic genesis. Therefore, five major terraces recorded five strong rising events in the Qilian Mountains during the past 830 ka. The ages of those rising events are about the same as those terraces formation. Sub-terraces, constituting a main terrace, were perhaps mainly formed by climatic changes.     

阶梯电容式水位测量系统的研究

构建了十一阶梯电容式水位测量系统，使阶梯平台与水位线一一对应，每个平台的输出电容量与水位变化保持函数关系．为减小因非线性元件过多而引起的误差，谊构建方案放弃了传统的桥式、双T网络、运算放大等电路，设计并采用了LC谐振电路．经多次实验结果表明，采用阶梯电客式传感器和LC谐振电路，不但能够有效地提高整个系统的灵敏度与稳定性，而且测量结果也比较理想，其与理论值的平均误差为2．3％．     

试析高校学生工作中的文化管理模式

文化管理理论的研究内容是如何通过形成一个组织的文化达到对组织进行有效管理的目的，亦即通过形成组织的价值观和行为规范来影响组织成员的行为。文化管理模式是文化管理理论在管理实践中的运用形式，由于学生组织的自身特征，使文化管理模式在高校学生工作中更加契合适用。文化管理模式在高校学生工作中的实践途径包括培育学生正确的共同的价值观、加强学校物质文化和精神文化建设、构建不同层次的学生文化平台等三个方面。     

粤东地区的河流阶地

 依据广东东部超过32条河流、55处河流阶地、至少25个¹⁴C、热释光的冲积层测龄数据等情况,可知：粤东最多有6级河流阶地,最大阶地高度70 m且靠近现代主河床分布。从上游向下游第一级阶地明显变形：龙川县黎咀镇上游为常态阶地,黎咀镇下游至博罗县园洲镇为半埋藏阶地,园洲镇下游进入东江三角洲为埋藏阶地。而且该冲积物时代有渐新趋势,反映晚更新世河源地区的构造抬升较早或速率较快,中下游地区构造逐渐稳定或下沉。粤东至少有12处较典型的剥夷面砾石层。其特怔：① 分布海拔20～210 m,与当地剥蚀台地高度相似;② 位于当地级别最高、分布面积大的河流阶地上;③ 石岩镇玉律、平陵镇、东坑镇、水唇镇、龙母镇张坊等剥夷面砾石层由昔日河流形成,其谷中谷成为今日小河（只有狭窄河床河漫滩,或许有第一级河流阶地）,今昔河流发育相隔数十万年;④ 剥夷面有两个倾斜方向：流域内向河谷和向下游倾斜;总体上由南岭向南海倾斜。     

Terrace dating as an archive of the run-through of the Sanmen Gorges

Analysis of morphological properties in the Sanmen Gorges region of the Yellow River shows that four river terraces have been developed at the entrance to the gorges. Commonly, thick aeolian loess-paleosol sequence was deposited on the terraces, which makes it easy to date the terraces. The dating of paleomagnetic, loess-paleosol sequence matching and thermoluminescence show that terraces T₂, T₃ and T₄ were formed 0.129 Ma, 0.625 Ma and 0.865 Ma ago, respectively. The formation of these terraces in this region indicates that the Yellow River has experienced four intensive downcutting events during the last 0.9 Ma. The Yellow River cut through the Sanmen Gorges and inpoured into the East China Sea no later than 0.865 Ma.     

Dating and genesis of the upper Weihe River terraces in Longxi basin, China

Seven terraces along the Weihe River in Longxi basin have been investigated. These terraces all consist of archetypal duality in structure, namely the floodplain deposits and the layer of gravels overlaid by varying thickness of the loess. By resorting to various dating approaches such as palaeomagnetic, optically stimulated luminescenece (OSL), 14C and loess-paleosol sequence, we provide preliminary timing of these seven terraces along upper Weihe River. Analysis on sedimentation characteristics and dating of these terraces showed that seven terraces may be jointly generated by tectonic uplifts and climatic changes. Tectonic uplifts may accommodate initial river incision, and climatic change may be responsible for processes of subsequent channel widening and aggradation. Aggradation normally occurs during glacial periods, in contrast to down-cuttings during transitions from glacial to interglacial period. Moreover, on the basis of the timings and heights of these terraces, we infer that the long-term rate of river incision was determined to be 0.2 m/kyr during the last 870 kyr, which differs from other river incision rates. This discrepancy may reflect spatio-temporal differentiation of tectonic activities in the Qinling orogenic belt during the Pleistocene.     

Dating and genesis of the upper Weihe River terraces in Longxi basin,China

Seven terraces along the Weihe River in Longxi basin have been investigated. These terraces all consist of archetypal duality in structure, namely the floodplain deposits and the layer of gravels overlaid by varying thickness of the loess. By resorting to various dating approaches such as palaeomagnetic, optically stimulated luminescenece (OSL), 14C and loess-paleosol sequence, we provide preliminary timing of these seven terraces along upper Weihe River. Analysis on sedimentation characteristics and dating of these terraces showed that seven terraces may be jointly generated by tectonic uplifts and climatic changes. Tectonic uplifts may accommodate initial river incision, and climatic change may be responsible for processes of subsequent channel widening and aggradation. Aggradation normally occurs during glacial periods, in contrast to down-cuttings during transitions from glacial to interglacial period. Moreover, on the basis of the timings and heights of these terraces, we infer that the long-term rate of river incision was determined to be 0.2 m/kyr during the last 870 kyr, which differs from other river incision rates. This discrepancy may reflect spatio-temporal differentiation of tectonic activities in the Qinling orogenic belt during the Pleistocene.