一类非线性系统的突变故障诊断

针对一类非线性系统给出一种基于学习方法的突变故障诊断方法,设计了一个观测器,以此来检测、辨识和诊断一类非线性系统动态系统的故障。给出了故障检测的性能分析,并给出了检测时间上界。     

含未知输入的Lipschitz非线性广义系统的观测器设计

考虑了一类含有未知输入的Lipschitz非线性广义系统的鲁棒观测器设计问题.设计了一种非线性广义系统的未知输入观测器；当系统干扰无法消除时,设计出了一种鲁棒观测器.证明了它们的存在判据，并给出了具体的设计步骤.算例说明了方法的有效性.     

时滞Lipschitz离散系统鲁棒H∞观测器

文章讨论了一类具有时滞和干扰输入满~,．Lipsehitz条件的非线性离散系统的观测器的设计问题，其中Lipschitz条件以分量的形式给出．基于凸优化方法给出了全维鲁棒观测器的设计，对于给定的Lipschitz每件，该观测器使得干扰衰减指数最小．最后通过一个数值例子说明了此设计方案的有效性。     

基于鲁棒观测器的船舶舵机伺服系统故障检测

针对船舶舵机伺服系统的非线性和运行时受未知时变干扰的问题,提出了基于非线性鲁棒观测器的故障检测方案,可以在干扰力信息未知的情况下,对系统进行有效的故障检测.在对系统建模后,给出了观测器的设计步骤和存在条件,并采用线性矩阵不等式来解决观测器的求解问题.搭建了基于NI-PXI设备的故障检测实验台,在线检测观测器的观测能力、鲁棒性以及对故障的检测能力,设计了自适应阈值进行故障决策解决系统瞬态误报警的问题.实验结果表明:所提的故障检测方案有效且可用于在线故障检测,优于现有的一些故障检测方案.     

不确定组合大系统基于观测器的鲁棒分散镇定

研究一类不确定性有界，互联项满足Lipschitz条件的非线性不确定组合大系统的观测器设计和鲁棒分散镇定问题．给出了一类鲁棒观测器的设计方法以及基于此观测器受控系统的鲁棒分散镇定方法，其结果不仅效果较好(指数收敛)，而且是全局性的．最后给出一个数值例子说明结果的有效性．     

基于观测器的一类离散非线性系统的控制

研究一类离散非线性系统的观测器设计问题,基于Schur补引理和Lyapunov稳定性定理,提出一类离散非线性系统的观测器设计方法.证明了在适当条件下,提出的观测器保证观测误差渐近趋于零.进一步,提出了基于观测器一类离散非线性系统的反馈控制器设计方法.并给出在反馈控制的作用下相应闭环系统达到稳定的充分条件.     

一类非线性不确定系统的滑模观测器设计及其在故障检测中的应用

研究了一类非线性部分满足Lipschitz条件的非线性不确定系统的鲁棒滑模观测器的设计问题。提出了一种将Thau观测器与Walcott-Zak观测器结合的非线性鲁棒滑模状态观测器设计方案,并利用Lyapunov定理证明了状态观测误差最后一致收敛于一个紧集。将所设计的滑模观测器应用于故障检测,仿真实验结果验证了该方法的有效性。     

非线性系统的一种指数收敛观测器

为使非线性系统状态反馈设计切实可行，对一种非线性指数型观测器设计的前提条件进行了讨论，并提出了观测器的具体设计方法．即给出了可观测对为时变情形时的有关结论，同时还给出了非时变时的特别结论．所给出的观测器具有收敛速度快的特点．讨论过程中没有用到观测器设计通常要涉及到的Lyapunov稳定性理论，因而其过程避免了寻找不易构造的Lyapunov函数．通过算例，说明了所给方法的可行性．     

非线性摄动时滞系统故障诊断

针对一类含有未知输入和非线性摄动的状态时滞系统,采用基于自适应观测器的故障诊断系统的设计方法,以线性矩阵不等式的形式给出此问题解的存在条件及求解算法,并论证了系统的鲁棒稳定性,给出了对故障检测具有高灵敏度、零误报率的阚值判断公式.设计的自适应观测器具有双重功能:首先作为故障检测观测器能够检测出故障的发生,然后作为故障诊断观测器能够理想地估计出故障随时间的变化曲线.此算法既能诊断突变故障,又能诊断缓变故障.仿真结果表明算法具有良好的诊断性能.     

动力定位船舶的非线性观测器设计

针对动力定位船舶设计了一个非线性观测器，该观测器的全局收敛性通过李亚普诺夫稳定性定理得到了证明。观测器的最大优点是可以省略采用Kalman滤波器时线性化船舶运动方程的过程。该非线性观测器可以从附有测量噪声的输出中估计到船舶低频位置和运动速度以及环境扰动作用力，同时也能从输出信号中滤除一级波浪引起的船舶高频运动。该非线性观测器的性能通过对一动力定位船舶模型的仿真得到了验证。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.