改进的粒子群算法及其在带软时间窗车辆调度问题中的应用

针对微粒群优化算法容易陷入局部极值的缺陷,提出多相粒子群优化算法(Multi-pha-ses Particle Swarm Optimization,MPSO).建立了带软时间窗车辆调度问题数学模型,并将该方法运用于带软时间窗车辆调度路径优化.根据多相粒子群并行搜索的思想,给出MPSO算法在带软时间窗物流配送车辆调度路径优化的实现流程.仿真结果表明:多相粒子群算法可以快速、有效地求得车辆路径问题的优化解,是一种求解带软时间窗车辆路径问题的较好方案.     

蚁群算法在西餐连锁店配送路径中应用

西餐连锁店的路径优化是各连锁店食品配送路线的优化,要求满足各连锁店时间窗的约束,可抽象为带时间窗的车辆路径问题(VRPTW).文中采用启发式算法对VRPTW求解.为正确衡量信息素和期望值浓度在进化的不同阶段对算法的贡献,引入了一种自适应转移策略来提高算法的求解效率,并通过综合考虑全局和局部信息的更新策略——蚁权策略进行信息素更新,加快算法的收敛速度.最后,通过11个经典VRPTW对该算法的性能进行了检验.并以大连市西餐连锁店为研究对象,运用本文所提出的蚁群算法求解大连市西餐连锁店的配送路线.     

带时间窗车辆路径问题的混合粒子群算法

将粒子群优化算法与模拟退火算法结合,提出了一种求解车辆路径问题的混合粒子群算法.实例计算及与遗传算法比较的结果表明:应用混合粒子群算法可以快速地求得带时间窗车辆路径问题的优化解;该算法是一种求解离散组合优化问题的有效方法.     

基于离散海鸥算法求解循环取货车辆路径问题

针对如何降低循环取货车辆路径问题(VRP:Vehicle Routing Problem)中的运输成本,提出一种离散海鸥算法。首先,在海鸥迁移过程中,采用insert、 reverse操作更新海鸥位置加快算法寻优速度;其次,在海鸥攻击过程中,采用swap、 3-opt操作更新海鸥位置提升算法局部搜索能力;最后,结合模拟退火算法避免算法在运行过程中陷入局部最优,重新定义了在离散的车辆路径问题下的更新策略。以总成本最低为目标函数,构建相应的数学模型。实验结果表明,该算法具有高效解决循环取货车辆路径问题的能力,寻优效果及求解质量均高于标准海鸥优化算法、粒子群算法、模拟退火算法、灰狼优化算法、鲸鱼算法和飞蛾扑火算法。     

非满载车辆路径问题的改进粒子群优化算法

将局部版粒子群算法应用于非满载车辆路径问题,设计了一种实数编码方案,线性调整惯性权值,改进粒子更新公式,建立了解决该问题的粒子群算法。用该算法求解了两个车辆路径问题的算例,并与遗传算法和标准粒子群算法进行了比较。结果表明:该算法提高了搜索最优路径的成功率,能更有效地求解非满载车辆路径问题。     

多目标车辆路径问题的粒子群优化算法研究

针对粒子群算法(PSO)及其变种在约束多目标等复杂问题优化过程中所遇到的易陷入局部最优和收敛性问题,提出了一种基于动态学习和突变因子的粒子群算法(DSPSO)。首先,通过分析粒子群群体的学习机制,采用动态的学习策略,使粒子自适应动态调整认知成分和社会成分在迭代更新中的权重,以引导自身向最优解的方向探索,有效改善了群体的收敛速度;其次,通过引入阶梯突变因子的概念,使粒子在陷入局部最优时进行试探跳跃,阶梯突变赋予粒子突破更新步长限制的能力,使粒子在当前位置速度矢量方向上的二维空间邻域内进行试探寻优,当发现更优解时则跳出当前局部最优;最后,通过在BenchMark基准函数测试集中典型函数上的实验,证明了DSPSO的求解精度和收敛速度均优于对比算法。在多目标车辆路径问题实例优化中,解的可接受率和成功率分别为0.91和0.66,远优于对比算法中最优解的0.16和0.11,体现了所提改进算法在车辆路径问题中的优越性。     

改进蚁群算法优化车辆路径问题的研究

研究采用改进的蚁群算法优化带约束的车辆路径的问题。考虑的约束条件包括路径约束、时间窗约束和容量约束。主要目的是提出一种改进的蚁群算法进行车辆路径优化,构建配送车辆行驶路线,实现配送路线总成本的最小化。从三方面对蚁群算法进行了改进：对参与条件转移概率的候选节点列表进行预处理减少路线构建过程计算的时间复杂度;提出插入式节约算法用于改进蚁群初始配送路线提高寻优精度;基于蚁群系统对信息素更新策略进行改进,加快算法收敛速度。基于Solomon基准数据集,与近年来已取得的研究成果展开对比实验,证明提出的改进算法在提高求解精度和搜索效率方面的有效性,在优化带约束条件的车辆路径问题时的实用性,拓展了蚁群算法的应用领域。     

基于选择策略的简化蝗虫优化算法

针对蝗虫优化算法(Grasshopper optimization algorithm, GOA)收敛速度慢、收敛精度不高的问题，提出基于选择策略的简化蝗虫优化算法(Simplified grasshopper optimization algorithm, SGOA)。首先运用选择策略处理初始种群，有助于快速缩小算法的搜索范围。其次通过选择策略将整个种群分为精英种群和一般种群，精英种群由当前最优蝗虫指导位置更新，有利于实现算法的趋优和加速；一般种群的位置更新取决于自身位置、精英种群及当前最优蝗虫位置，有利于保持算法的稳定。为验证SGOA求解高维复杂函数的广泛适用性，选取GOA、经典的粒子群优化算法(Particle swarm optimization, PSO)、高效的灰狼优化算法(Gray wolf optimization, GWO)以及鲸鱼优化算法(Whale optimization algorithm, WOA)作为SGOA的对比算法。以上5种算法求解9个标准测试函数的统计结果表明：SGOA的收敛精度、稳定性以及寻优成功率均显著高于其他算法。     

考虑时空相关随机行驶时间的车辆路径问题模型与算法

本文对一类在真实道路网络中考虑时空相关的随机行驶时间的车辆路径问题进行了研究. 首先我们建立了该问题的两阶段随机规划模型. 然后我们将用于候选解寻优的智能优化算法与用于产生评价解的随机场景的情景生成技术相结合,提出一种智能随机优化方法求解该问题. 为了有效地进行解的寻优,本文结合可变邻域下降算法提出了一种混合粒子群优化算法.最后通过一系列基于北京市区道路网络的算例实验,我们验证了所提出的混合粒子群优化算法的有效性.实验结果还表明,考虑实际交通环境中道路网络上车辆行驶时间的时空相关性,会影响最优车辆路径决策方案.     

基于遗传算法的带时间窗邮政车辆路径问题研究

针对带时间窗约束的邮政车辆路径问题,建立了带时间窗约束的最小车辆运输费用模型,考虑了车辆装载容量、时间窗、往返货物归集等约束条件,针对四川邮政11个市局的实际邮路安排问题,利用遗传算法对模型进行了求解计算和优化对比分析。优化结果表明,在目前邮路安排的基础上可以节约派车数、降低总费用、缩短实际邮运里程。     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

正~~     

An on-line scaling method for improving scalability of a database cluster

The explosive growth of the Internet and database applications has driven database to be more scalable and available, and able to support on-line scaling without interrupting service. To support more client's queries without downtime and degrading the response time, more nodes have to be scaled up while the database is running. This paper presents the overview of scalable and available database that satisfies the above characteristics. And we propose a novel on-line scaling method. Our method improves the existing on-line scaling method for fast response time and higher throughputs. Our proposed method reduces unnecessary network use, i.e. , we decrease the number of data copy by reusing the backup data. Also, our on-line scaling operation can be processed parallel by selecting adequate nodes as new node. Our performance study shows that our method results in significant reduction in data copy time.     

An improved R-tree based on childnode''s probability

R-Tree is a good structure for spatial searching. But in this indexing structure,either the sequence of nodes in the same level or sequence of traveling these nodes when queries are made is random. Since the possibility that the object appears in different MBR which have the same parents node is different, if we make the subnode who has the most possibility be traveled first, the time cost will be decreased in most of the cases. In some case, the possibility of a point belong to a rectangle will shows direct proportion with the size of the rectangle. But this conclusion is based on an assumption that the objects are symmetrically distributing in the area and this assumption is not always coming into existence. Now we found a more direct parameter to scale the possibility and made a little change on the structure of R-tree, to increase the possibility of founding the satisfying answer in the front sub trees. We names this structure probability based arranged R-tree (PBAR-tree).     

Integrating GIS Web services based on mediating architecture

The geographic information service is enabled by the advancements in general Web service technology and the focused efforts of the OGC in defining XML-based Web GIS service. Based on these models, this paper addresses the issue of services chaining,the process of combining or pipelining results from several interoperable GIS Web Services to create a customized solution. This paper presents a mediated chaining architecture in which a specific service takes responsibility for performing the process that describes a service chain. We designed the Spatial Information Process Language (SIPL) for dynamic modeling and describing the service chain, also a prototype of the Spatial Information Process Execution Engine (SIPEE) is implemented for executing processes written in SIPL. Discussion of measures to improve the functionality and performance of such system will be included.     

Tracking data management using topology of moving object database system for moving object constrained trajectory in LBS application

Advances in wireless technologies and positioning technologies and spread of wireless devices, an interest in LBS (Location Based Service) is arising. To provide location based service, tracking data should have been stored in moving object database management system (called MODBMS) with proper policies and managed efficiently. So the methods which acquire the location information at regular time intervals then, store and manage have been studied. In this paper, we suggest tracking data management techniques using topology that is corresponding to the moving path of moving object. In our techniques, we update the MODBMS when moving object arrived at a street intersection or a curved road which is represented as the node in topology and predict the location at past and future with attribute of topology and linear function. In this technique, location data that are corresponding to the node in topology are stored, thus reduce the number of update and amount of data. Also in case predicting the location,because topology are used as well as existing location information, accuracy for prediction is increased than applying linear function or spline function.