改性纳米羟基锡酸锌的制备及表征

用共沸蒸馏方法制备了纳米ZnSn(OH)6颗粒,然后在共沸蒸馏纳米ZnSn(OH)6-正丁醇的体系中,直接加入硬脂酸制备了改性纳米ZnSn(OH)6颗粒.用XRD、TEM、FTIR和TG/DTA等对这种纳米颗粒的形貌和结构进行了表征,所得表面改性纳米ZnSn(OH)6的大小为60~80nm.并对改性机理进行了初步探讨.把改性纳米颗粒加在软质PVC中,和微米级产品相比,其氧指数提高17.8%.     

纳米MoS2含量对纳米微量润滑磨削CFRPs的影响

为了研究磨削碳纤维复合材料(CFRPs)时,纳米二硫化钼(MoS₂)含量对纳米微量润滑效果的影响,制备了不同质量分数(0%,3%,6%,9%,12%)的纳米MoS₂和棕榈油混合液,作为纳米微量润滑油液,对碳纤维复合材料进行磨削加工.使用光学显微镜,观测分析碳纤维复合材料的表面粗糙度、表面形貌.使用测力仪对磨削力进行测量,并通过磨削力计算出磨削力比.最后对纳米(MoS₂)在纳米微量润滑磨削过程中的作用机理进行了阐述.结果表明,当纳米(MoS₂)质量分数为9%时磨削力比最低,为0.0632,表面粗糙度R_○a值最小,为1.86μm,且表面碳纤维损伤最小.     

纳米Al2O3改性不饱和聚酯树脂的研究

用未经表面处理和经过表面处理的纳米Al2O3对不饱和聚酯树脂(UPR)进行填充改性,研究了纳米Al2O3的用量对UPR拉伸强度、弯曲强度、冲击强度的影响.结果表明,当纳米Al2O3的填充量为8%时,材料的增强增韧效果最好,但当纳米Al2O3的加入量为6%～8%时出现了很明显的脆韧转变.用差热分析法测定复合材料的玻璃化温度(tg)发现,UPR/纳米Al2O3复合材料的tg比纯UPR高,且经表面处理的纳米Al2O3填充的UPR的tg更高,这与力学性能测试结果一致.原位共混法可以实现纳米Al2O3的良好分散,相应地具有更好的增韧效果.     

水热法制备BaF2纳米颗粒

采用水热合成法,以BaCl2和KF为反应物,在聚乙烯吡咯烷酮(PVP)作表面活性剂的水-醇体系中制备了结晶良好的BaF2纳米颗粒.考察了PVP用量对纳米颗粒生成的影响.利用X射线衍射(XRD)、透射电镜(TEM)和红外光谱(IR)等测试手段对样品进行了表征.结果表明,以PVP为表面活性剂可以完善BaF2的结晶质量,以形成立方结构的BaF2纳米颗粒.     

表面活性剂对制备纳米MoS2颗粒的影响

采用表面活性剂促助法制备纳米MoS2颗粒,考察不同类型的表面活性剂对产物结构和形貌的影响.用红外光谱(IR)考察改性后纳米颗粒的表面结构,用透射电子显微镜(TEM)和高分辨透射电子显微镜(HRTEM)表征产物的形貌和结构.研究结果表明:不同类型的表面活性剂及其复配剂均对产物进行不同程度的改性,其中,阳离子型表面活性剂的改性效果最好,但阴离子型和非离子型表面活性剂的复配作用促助产生特殊的MoS2纳米杆结构,而且这种纳米杆并没有出现常见的层状结构或特殊的富勒烯结构.     

NiS纳米晶的水热合成及表征

在低温水热条件下,以NiCl2.6H2O、Na2S2O3、硫脲为反应物,制备了金属硫族化合物NiS纳米晶.用X射线粉末衍射(XRD)、透射电镜(TEM)分别对NiS纳米晶的结构及形貌进行了表征分析.结果表明,所得样品为六方晶系的NiS纳米晶;同时采用不同硫源及表面活性剂聚乙烯吡咯烷酮(PVP)可以获得不同形貌的纳米晶.     

Ag2Se纳米晶的水热合成及表征

在低温水热条件下,以AgNO3、Na2SeO3或单质硒为反应物,制备了金属硫族化合物Ag2Se纳米晶.用X射线粉末衍射(XRD)、透射电镜(TEM)、扫描电镜(SEM)分别对Ag2Se纳米晶的结构及形貌进行了表征分析.结果表明,所得样品为正交晶系的Ag2Se纳米晶,主要形貌为不规则的纳米颗粒;同时采用不同硒源及表面活性剂聚乙烯吡咯烷酮(PVP)可以获得不同形貌的纳米晶.     

磁搅拌研磨方法制备纳米石墨及其特性分析

采用磁搅拌研磨法在6h内快速制得了高纯纳米石墨.利用X-射线衍射(XRD)、氮气吸附、高分辨透射电子显微镜(TEM)、X-射线能量色散谱分析(EDS)和傅里叶变化近红外光谱(FT-IR)对纳米石墨进行了系统表征.经XRD分析,确认其为纳米石墨;经氮气吸附测试分析,纳米石墨的比表面积为661m2/g;高分辨透射电镜分析表明纳米石墨为纳米石墨片和多层石墨烯的混合物,其粒径分布在50～100nm左右;用红外光谱和EDS分析,纳米石墨表面具有较多的羟基和羧基等官能团,氧元素含量达22.47%.     

纳米Al2O3改性酚醛树脂在汽车制动摩擦材料上的应用

用偶联剂KH570对纳米Al2O3进行表面处理,经透射电镜检测,发现纳米Al2O3能够均匀有效地分散在酚醛树脂中,并确定了纳米Al2O3质量为树脂质量的6%时分散性最好.运用共混的方法,对酚醛树脂进行纳米Al2O3改性处理,分析了纳米Al2O3的质量为树脂质量的2%,4%,6%,8%和10%时,改性酚醛树脂对汽车制动摩擦材料性能的影响.结果表明:经过表面处理的纳米Al2O3改性醛醛树脂,当纳米Al2O3质量为树脂质量的6%时,酚醛树脂的性能提升最明显,酚醛树脂的热分解温度提高了41℃,且降低失重率,纳米Al2O3改性酚醛树脂制备的摩擦材料的摩擦系数最稳定,具有较低的磨损率.     

氢氧化镁基有机无机复合阻燃剂的制备

以Mg(NO)2·6H2O和氨水为原料,用直接沉淀法制备了纳米氢氧化镁,讨论了使用不同表面活性剂及其用量对纳米氢氧化镁的分散效果。同时,还进行了在氢氧化镁表面包覆有机阻燃剂THPC的研究,并采用SEM、TEM、FTIR、Zeta电位和热分析等手段,对包覆前后的氢氧化镁进行表征。实验结果表明,在氢氧化镁表面存在THPC有机包覆层。     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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An on-line scaling method for improving scalability of a database cluster

The explosive growth of the Internet and database applications has driven database to be more scalable and available, and able to support on-line scaling without interrupting service. To support more client's queries without downtime and degrading the response time, more nodes have to be scaled up while the database is running. This paper presents the overview of scalable and available database that satisfies the above characteristics. And we propose a novel on-line scaling method. Our method improves the existing on-line scaling method for fast response time and higher throughputs. Our proposed method reduces unnecessary network use, i.e. , we decrease the number of data copy by reusing the backup data. Also, our on-line scaling operation can be processed parallel by selecting adequate nodes as new node. Our performance study shows that our method results in significant reduction in data copy time.     

An improved R-tree based on childnode''s probability

R-Tree is a good structure for spatial searching. But in this indexing structure,either the sequence of nodes in the same level or sequence of traveling these nodes when queries are made is random. Since the possibility that the object appears in different MBR which have the same parents node is different, if we make the subnode who has the most possibility be traveled first, the time cost will be decreased in most of the cases. In some case, the possibility of a point belong to a rectangle will shows direct proportion with the size of the rectangle. But this conclusion is based on an assumption that the objects are symmetrically distributing in the area and this assumption is not always coming into existence. Now we found a more direct parameter to scale the possibility and made a little change on the structure of R-tree, to increase the possibility of founding the satisfying answer in the front sub trees. We names this structure probability based arranged R-tree (PBAR-tree).     

Integrating GIS Web services based on mediating architecture

The geographic information service is enabled by the advancements in general Web service technology and the focused efforts of the OGC in defining XML-based Web GIS service. Based on these models, this paper addresses the issue of services chaining,the process of combining or pipelining results from several interoperable GIS Web Services to create a customized solution. This paper presents a mediated chaining architecture in which a specific service takes responsibility for performing the process that describes a service chain. We designed the Spatial Information Process Language (SIPL) for dynamic modeling and describing the service chain, also a prototype of the Spatial Information Process Execution Engine (SIPEE) is implemented for executing processes written in SIPL. Discussion of measures to improve the functionality and performance of such system will be included.