AZ31镁合金薄板的交流钨极氩弧焊

探讨了氩弧焊工艺参数对镁合金焊接接头质量的影响，采用金相显微镜，对AZ31镁合金薄板TIG焊接接头进行了微观组织观察、用X-射线衍射仪等分析测试手段对相组成和力学性能进行了分析，结果发现：焊接电流为40A和45A时，焊接接头的力学性能最好，(σb为205MPa)，为母材强度的80％左右，断裂总是发生在热影响区，焊缝区组织呈细小的等轴晶，主要存在α-Mg和Mg17Al12两种相，热影响区组织较粗大。     

AZ31B镁合金TIG和MIG焊接接头组织性能比较分析

研究了AZ31B镁合金钨极氩弧焊(TIG)和熔化极氩弧焊(MIG)焊接接头组织及性能。在厚度为8.0 mm的AZ31B镁合金板材上分别进行了填丝TIG和MIG两种焊接试验,分析了AZ31B镁合金两种焊接工艺以及接头焊缝的微观组织和显微硬度。试验结果表明,填丝TIG焊缝成形良好;MIG焊接时有飞溅现象,焊缝成形不及TIG均匀。TIG和MIG焊接接头的相组成与母材的相组成一致。MIG焊接热影响区HAZ的晶内析出相弥散分布,焊缝区晶界析出相连续分布;而且MIG焊接接头的显微硬度值较TIG焊接时要高,焊接接头的力学性能有所提高。     

镁合金焊丝成分对镁钢异种金属CMT焊接性的影响

采用CMT冷金属过渡焊对异种金属AZ31B镁合金板和HDG60镀锌钢板进行焊接,试验中采用AZ92、AZ61、MnE21镁合金焊丝.结果表明:在合适的工艺参数下,3种焊丝都能形成较好的焊缝,但AZ92、AZ61焊丝的焊接窗口比较宽,而MnE21焊丝的焊接窗口极窄,并且焊缝处有明显的裂纹.接头的界面组织分析表明,焊接接头被分成焊缝区、中间结合区、熔合区.通过X射线衍射分析得出,当采用AZ92、AZ61镁合金焊丝时,焊接结合面主要有Mg的固溶体,还有MgFeAlO4、Mg2Zn11、Al12Mg17等化合物;采用MnE21镁合金焊丝时,焊接结合面主要有Mg固溶体,还有Mg32Al49、Al12Mg17化合物.在拉伸试验中,采用相同规格的拉伸试样,使用AZ61焊丝的接头拉剪力可达镁母材的87.5%.而采用其他2种焊丝时拉剪力较小.由此可见,AZ61焊丝更适合焊接镁钢异种金属.     

ME20M变形镁合金的TIG焊工艺研究

探讨了ME20M变形镁合金TIG焊工艺参数的选择,采用金相显微镜、拉伸试验机以及扫描电子显微镜等表征方法对焊接接头的微观组织、力学性能以及断口形貌等进行了分析.结果发现,焊接电流为80 A时,焊接接头成形较好,焊缝区组织呈细小的等轴晶,热影响区组织较粗大;焊缝区的硬度由于晶粒细化的原因而有所提高,在热影响区则有所下降;拉伸试验表明焊接接头的力学性能低于母材的力学性能,接头抗拉强度约为母材抗拉强度的75%左右.拉伸断口扫描形貌分析表明,断口呈韧-脆混合断裂.     

2219-T87铝合金TIG焊缝拉拔式摩擦塞补焊接头的微观组织及力学性能分析

本文研究了6 mm厚2219-T87铝合金TIG焊缝拉拔式摩擦塞补焊接头的微观组织,析出相演变规律以及力学性能。当使用7000 r/min主轴转速,12 mm进给量以及20–22 kN 轴向拉力时,焊接接头成形良好且无焊接缺陷,塞棒与试板之间通过再结晶的方式形成了冶金结合。根据微观组织特征不同,接头可划分为热影响区、热机械影响区、再结晶区、TIG焊缝-热影响区以及TIG焊缝-热机械影响区。TIG焊缝-热机械影响区晶粒受到焊接过程中塞棒旋转挤压作用而发生剧烈塑性变形。热机械影响区发生软化的主要原因是θ'相的溶解以及θ相的粗化。拉伸试验结果表明,轴向拉力为22 kN时,对应接头抗拉强度最高,为237 MPa;接头在TIG焊缝–热机械影响区发生断裂。断口形貌分析表明接头具有良好的塑性与韧性。     

AZ31镁合金氩弧焊接接头组织与力学性能研究

钨极氩弧焊(TIG)为镁合金焊接中最常用的一种焊接方法。本文采用直流钨极氩弧焊对6.0 mm厚AZ31镁合金挤压板材进行了双面焊接实验。采用光学显微镜、扫描电镜、拉伸试验机考察分析了焊接接头显微组织与力学性能。显微组织分析表明,AZ31镁合金直流TIG焊接头由母材、热影响区、焊缝区组成,焊缝组织呈现焊丝熔化后凝固组织;在母材热影响区与焊缝区之间坡口处形成过渡区,晶粒细小,为母材与焊丝的熔合区。采用AZ31焊丝焊接接头平均抗拉强度为241.0 MPa,延伸率为13.8%,分别达到了母材的86.0%和63.6%。焊接接头的断裂均位于热影响区,断口呈现韧脆混合断裂特征。     

Ca,Sr对AM80镁合金显微组织和高温蠕变性能的影响

采用扫描电镜(SEM)、X射线衍射仪(XRD)和高温蠕变试验机等实验手段研究了碱土元素Ca,Sr对AM80镁合金显微组织和力学性能的影响.结果表明:在AM80合金中复合添加0.2%Sr和0.5%~2.5%Ca,Ca、Sr元素可逐步细化合金的铸态组织,Ca原子与Al原子优先结合在晶界处生成了高熔点相Al2Ca,抑制了低熔点相-βMg17Al12的形成.AM80合金在高温蠕变过程中,-βMg17Al12相在晶界处存在连续析出和非连续析出2种形式.-βMg17Al12相非连续析出并且垂直于晶界,造成合金蠕变性能较差.当在合金中复合添加Ca,Sr后,高熔点相Al2Ca是主要的晶界强化相,替代低熔点的-βMg17Al12相,从而减少-βMg17Al12相的非连续析出,抑制了晶界滑动,改善了合金的高温蠕变性能.当Ca质量分数增加到2.5%时,合金的高温蠕变性能最优.     

不锈钢A-TIG焊活性剂的焊接性研究

利用自行研制的 30 4不锈钢A TIG焊活性剂进行了焊缝外观形貌、熔深效果、接头微观组织、化学成分及接头力学性能分析的焊接工艺试验 .试验结果表明 ,使用活性剂可以使焊缝熔深比常规的TIG焊增加 1～ 2倍 ,对 8mm以下的不锈钢钢板对接无须开坡口 ,可一次焊接完成并且单面焊双面成型 ,焊缝表面成形良好 .使用活性剂后接头微观组织、焊缝的化学成分和接头力学性能均不受影响 .     

可溶性镁合金的制备及其性能

针对传统可溶性压裂球材质存在的缺点,采用铸造法制备性能优异的可溶性镁合金,系统研究了铝含量对可溶性镁合金组织、溶解性能及力学性能的影响.结果表明:可溶性镁合金组织由α-Mg和β-Mg17 Al12相组成,随着铝含量的增多,组织中β-Mg17 Al12相数量增多,呈连续网状分布于α相晶界处,并且α晶粒也变得粗大.可溶性镁合金在氯化钾(KCl)溶液中可自行溶解,且随KCl浓度的升高,溶解速率变大,在质量分数为3％的KCl中溶解性能最佳.随着铝含量的增加,可溶性镁合金的溶解速率变大,室温下溶解速率最高可达7.42 mg·h-1·cm-2.溶解产物粒度分析结果显示,中值粒径D50为38.691μm,溶解产物物相为Mg17 Al12和Mg(OH)2.可溶性镁合金的抗压强度最高可达430 MPa,变形量为3.0％时试样断裂,随着铝含量的增加,可溶性镁合金的塑性降低.     

焊接电流对镁/镀锌钢 TIG熔--钎焊接头显微组织与力学性能的影响

采用TIG熔-钎焊焊接方法,以镁合金焊丝为填充材料,对镁合金与镀锌钢进行连接实验,并分析热输入量对接头显微组织和力学性能的影响.热输入量过小会阻碍镁/钢界面反应层的形成而使得焊缝难以焊合,热输入量过大又会促进焊缝内部脆性第二相的长大,降低接头力学性能.接头强度随着焊接电流和焊接速度的增大都呈现先上升后下降的趋势,电流为70 A时强度达到最大,该值接近AZ31B母材的88．7%.此时断裂发生于焊缝熔焊区,断面出现大量韧窝和撕裂棱,呈现出塑性断裂特征.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

正~~     

An on-line scaling method for improving scalability of a database cluster

The explosive growth of the Internet and database applications has driven database to be more scalable and available, and able to support on-line scaling without interrupting service. To support more client's queries without downtime and degrading the response time, more nodes have to be scaled up while the database is running. This paper presents the overview of scalable and available database that satisfies the above characteristics. And we propose a novel on-line scaling method. Our method improves the existing on-line scaling method for fast response time and higher throughputs. Our proposed method reduces unnecessary network use, i.e. , we decrease the number of data copy by reusing the backup data. Also, our on-line scaling operation can be processed parallel by selecting adequate nodes as new node. Our performance study shows that our method results in significant reduction in data copy time.     

An improved R-tree based on childnode''s probability

R-Tree is a good structure for spatial searching. But in this indexing structure,either the sequence of nodes in the same level or sequence of traveling these nodes when queries are made is random. Since the possibility that the object appears in different MBR which have the same parents node is different, if we make the subnode who has the most possibility be traveled first, the time cost will be decreased in most of the cases. In some case, the possibility of a point belong to a rectangle will shows direct proportion with the size of the rectangle. But this conclusion is based on an assumption that the objects are symmetrically distributing in the area and this assumption is not always coming into existence. Now we found a more direct parameter to scale the possibility and made a little change on the structure of R-tree, to increase the possibility of founding the satisfying answer in the front sub trees. We names this structure probability based arranged R-tree (PBAR-tree).     

Integrating GIS Web services based on mediating architecture

The geographic information service is enabled by the advancements in general Web service technology and the focused efforts of the OGC in defining XML-based Web GIS service. Based on these models, this paper addresses the issue of services chaining,the process of combining or pipelining results from several interoperable GIS Web Services to create a customized solution. This paper presents a mediated chaining architecture in which a specific service takes responsibility for performing the process that describes a service chain. We designed the Spatial Information Process Language (SIPL) for dynamic modeling and describing the service chain, also a prototype of the Spatial Information Process Execution Engine (SIPEE) is implemented for executing processes written in SIPL. Discussion of measures to improve the functionality and performance of such system will be included.