反规避研究

反规避措施是反倾销法的新发展，本文对欧盟和美国的反规避立法分别进行了阐述，并在此基础上进行了对比分析，试图对我国的反规避立法提出一些建议。     

我国遭遇反规避调查的现状及对策

本文首先从规避的表现形式、反规避的性质、反规避制度自身的合理性、反规避与反倾销之间的关系几个方面介绍了相关的概念和知识;然后论述我国当前遭受反规避调查的现状,归纳出我国遭遇反规避调查的特点;最后分析了遭遇反规避调查的原因,并提出我国应对反规避调查的对策。     

借鉴欧美法律完善我国原产地规则反规避条款

原产地规则的作用在于确定货物的原产地,因此在一国反规避实践中起着重要作用。在国际贸易中一国原产地规则在反规避方面的规定是否完备,直接影响政府反倾销措施的实施效果。然而,在目前欧美等国家已经把原产地规则作为一种“灰色”政策工具灵活自如地对中国频频发起反规避调查时,中国的原产地规则的反规避条款却仍不够完善,以至于到目前为止我国也没有针对国外的规避行为发起过一起反规避调查,导致外国规避行为的日渐猖獗,严重影响我国反倾销措施的实施效果。完善原产地规则反规避条款,保护本国经济,已迫在眉睫。     

欧盟反规避措施与中国企业无效规避问题探究

随着中国外向型经济的发展,中国与欧盟的经贸往来日益频繁,同时中国出口企业也遭到了越来越多的欧盟反倾销指控,而中国出口企业在寻求规避反倾销时,由于没有注意欧盟反规避立法反而形成“无效规避”,并遭受到反规避制裁。文章通过对欧盟反规避条款的分析为中国出口企业进行有效规避提出建议。     

反规避的有效应对

随着国际经济贸易的不断发展,反规避成为国际反倾销的新的发展趋势。乌拉圭回合后,美国和欧盟对其反规避措施都进行了修改。作为遭受反倾销起诉最多的国家,我国企业常常无效规避反倾销。因而,本文对我国企业合理有效规避反倾销提出了建议。     

著作权技术措施的利用与限制

技术措施是著作权人在数字时代保护其利益的一种重要手段,然而仅有技术措施的保护对著作权人来说是不够的。由于技术措施往往会受到规避行为的侵害,各国纷纷制定反规避条款对技术措施提供法律保护。这些反规避务款过多地倾向于著作权人利益的保护,确实地侵蚀了合理使用的空间,以致损害了公众在文化传播中的利益。本文在对各国针对技术措施的立法的分析基础上,对技术限制措施的利用与适当的立法限制进行了研究     

从WTO反倾销守则看美国与欧共体现行反倾销法及我国的对策

世界贸易组织（WTO）反倾销守则最终将世界范围内的反倾销立法与实践统一起来。然而，作为反倾销措施适用最多的美国与欧共体，其国内立法和具体司法实践仍有很大不同，加上新的反倾销守则在诸如反规避措施的规定上来达到一致意见，因此，在今后相当长的时间内，反倾销守则将与各国国内立法与实践并存，这在反倾销措施日益成为贸易保护主义首选手段的国际经济环境中显得更为重要。本就反倾销守则及欧美现行反倾销法进行比较并加以分析，进而探讨我国在进行出口贸易中所应注意蝗问题及如何利用及反倾销守则维护自身的正当利益并且制定出相应的外贸政策。     

滥用版权、商标权市场支配地位的美国反托拉斯考察

美国将滥用版权、商标权市场支配地位行为纳入由若干法案、判例及各式指南组成的反托拉斯体系架构中予以规制,其宗旨乃是维护自由公平竞争的市场秩序,保护消费者,促进社会福利。上述体系架构历史地、辩证地理清了版权滥用原则、商标权滥用原则与反托拉斯法间的相互独立关系;也对版权人通过许可协议限制竞争,滥用版权市场支配地位约束不受版权法保护之领域或限制合理使用制度允许之行为,滥用"反规避权"等新型版权违法行径予以了科学的认定;还从政府授权、商标之象征意义、商标产生之消费者依赖等方面审视了滥用商标市场支配地位行为,并对滥用商标域名和"商标反淡化保护"制度等行为模式予以了体系化的归纳和总结。     

CAD──一种全新的图形设计语言

CAD──计算机辅助设计，是一种全新的图形设计语言，它的出现对目前设计领域和艺术设计教育都产生了深远的影响。CAD是对常规表达方法的裂变，是对传统审美观的发展，是对设计师独特创造力的激励。改变设计观念，更新知识结构是摆在我们面前的重要课题。     

深化改革 促进科技与经济紧密结合

十年前，邓小平同志提出“科学技术是第一生产力”的科学论断，这是对马克思主义科学技术理论的创造性发展，是对当代社会生产力发展规律和时代特征认识的科学浓缩，是邓小平理论的重要组成部分。这个论断对推动我国科技、乃至整个改革开放事业，对推动我国经济发展、社会...     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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An on-line scaling method for improving scalability of a database cluster

The explosive growth of the Internet and database applications has driven database to be more scalable and available, and able to support on-line scaling without interrupting service. To support more client's queries without downtime and degrading the response time, more nodes have to be scaled up while the database is running. This paper presents the overview of scalable and available database that satisfies the above characteristics. And we propose a novel on-line scaling method. Our method improves the existing on-line scaling method for fast response time and higher throughputs. Our proposed method reduces unnecessary network use, i.e. , we decrease the number of data copy by reusing the backup data. Also, our on-line scaling operation can be processed parallel by selecting adequate nodes as new node. Our performance study shows that our method results in significant reduction in data copy time.     

An improved R-tree based on childnode''s probability

R-Tree is a good structure for spatial searching. But in this indexing structure,either the sequence of nodes in the same level or sequence of traveling these nodes when queries are made is random. Since the possibility that the object appears in different MBR which have the same parents node is different, if we make the subnode who has the most possibility be traveled first, the time cost will be decreased in most of the cases. In some case, the possibility of a point belong to a rectangle will shows direct proportion with the size of the rectangle. But this conclusion is based on an assumption that the objects are symmetrically distributing in the area and this assumption is not always coming into existence. Now we found a more direct parameter to scale the possibility and made a little change on the structure of R-tree, to increase the possibility of founding the satisfying answer in the front sub trees. We names this structure probability based arranged R-tree (PBAR-tree).     

Integrating GIS Web services based on mediating architecture

The geographic information service is enabled by the advancements in general Web service technology and the focused efforts of the OGC in defining XML-based Web GIS service. Based on these models, this paper addresses the issue of services chaining,the process of combining or pipelining results from several interoperable GIS Web Services to create a customized solution. This paper presents a mediated chaining architecture in which a specific service takes responsibility for performing the process that describes a service chain. We designed the Spatial Information Process Language (SIPL) for dynamic modeling and describing the service chain, also a prototype of the Spatial Information Process Execution Engine (SIPEE) is implemented for executing processes written in SIPL. Discussion of measures to improve the functionality and performance of such system will be included.     

Tracking data management using topology of moving object database system for moving object constrained trajectory in LBS application

Advances in wireless technologies and positioning technologies and spread of wireless devices, an interest in LBS (Location Based Service) is arising. To provide location based service, tracking data should have been stored in moving object database management system (called MODBMS) with proper policies and managed efficiently. So the methods which acquire the location information at regular time intervals then, store and manage have been studied. In this paper, we suggest tracking data management techniques using topology that is corresponding to the moving path of moving object. In our techniques, we update the MODBMS when moving object arrived at a street intersection or a curved road which is represented as the node in topology and predict the location at past and future with attribute of topology and linear function. In this technique, location data that are corresponding to the node in topology are stored, thus reduce the number of update and amount of data. Also in case predicting the location,because topology are used as well as existing location information, accuracy for prediction is increased than applying linear function or spline function.