江西会昌盆地埃达克质粗面岩年代学、地球化学与成因研究

江西是华南白垩纪红色碎屑沉积岩系最发育的地区之一,且常夹有火山岩层。会昌岽背村一带红色沉积岩系底部的火山岩具有较高Si O2和Al2O3,较低的Mg O,Si O2=59.0%~64.6%(平均61.9%),Al2O3=15.5%~18.9(平均17.7%),Mg O=0.28%~0.92%(平均0.55%);富碱和钠,(Na2O+K2O)=7.19%~10.1%(平均9.70%),Na2O=6.50%~7.70%(平均7.03%),在Si O2-(Na2O+K2O)图解上落入碱性系列粗面岩或粗面英安岩范围;CIPW计算结果显示,标准矿物Ab=57.2%~65.7(平均60.5%),Q=6.07%~14.7%(平均9.95%),小于20%,属粗面岩。稀土总量较低,轻稀土明显富集,重稀土强烈亏损,Eu负异常不明显,∑REE=114×10-6~168×10-6,∑LREE=101×10-6~148×10-6,∑HREE=14.9×10-6~19.6×10-6,∑LREE/∑HREE=6.54~7.52,(La/Yb)N=24.9~34.2(平均27.4),δEu=0.81~1.10(平均0.98%),在稀土曲线图上呈明显的右倾,具高压型粗面岩的特征。较低的Y和Yb含量,较高的Sr含量和Sr/Y比值,Y=8.99×10-6~11.7×10-6(平均10.8×10-6),Yb=0.55×10-6~0.82×10-6(平均0.7×10-6),Sr=329×10-6~836×10-6(平均498×10-6),Sr/Y=36.5~71.8(平均48.2),具有埃达克岩的特征;在不相容元素蛛网图上显示富集大离子亲石元素(Cs,Rb,Ba,K等元素),强烈亏损高场强元素(Ta、Nd),具壳源的特征。较低的(87Sr/86Sr)i值、较高的εNd(t)和较小的TDM2值,(87Sr/86Sr)i=0.7074~0.7082(平均0.7077),εNd(t)=-1.99~-2.60(平均-2.29),TDM2=1 071 Ma~1 120 Ma(平均1094 Ma),具年轻下地壳部分熔融产物的特征。SHRIMP锆石U-Pb测年结果显示,14个分析点的206Pb/238U年龄变化范围为(114~108)Ma,加权平均年龄为(110.7±1.0)Ma,MSWD=0.47,指示地质时代属早白垩世晚期。上述特征显示,会昌岽背村一带红色沉积岩系底部的火山岩为早白垩世晚期加厚地壳背景下年轻下地壳部分熔融形成的埃达克质粗面岩。     

青藏高原东北缘白河碱性玄武岩地球化学及其源区性质探讨

运用地球化学及Sr-Nd-Pb同位素特征进行分析,研究出露在青藏高原东北缘甘肃礼县境内的白河碱性玄武岩的地球化学特征及其地质意义。研究后可知,白河玄武岩具有低Si O2(38.94%~40.57%),极高Ti O2(4.66%~4.97%),高的K2O(1.46%~2.02%)和Na2O(2.08%~3.23%)含量,以及高Mg#(0.74~0.76)值等特征,具有富集地幔初始岩浆的性质,为典型的幔源钠质碱性玄武岩。微量和稀土元素具板内火山岩特征:Th,Rb,Sr,REE等大离子亲石元素和Ta,Nb,Ti,HREE等高场强元素明显富集,NMORB标准化图解中没有Nb的负异常,轻/重稀土元素强烈分异,(Sm/Yb)N=10.53~11.20。初始87Sr/86Sr(0.703 948~0.704 294)略高于现代大洋MORB(0.702 29~0.703 34),143Nd/144Nd(0.512 782~0.512 847)则低于现代大洋MORB(0.512 99~0.513 3),具有亏损的εNd(t)值(+3.1~+4.3),指示具有亏损地幔的信息;初始206Pb/204Pb(19.016 729~19.076 653),207Pb/204Pb(15.619 237~15.623 632)和208Pb/204Pb(38.488 124~39.593 763)比值均高于现代大洋亏损地幔的组分,指示富集地幔的信息。研究后认为,白河碱性玄武质岩浆来源于多元混合地幔源区。     

中祁连东段白花沟岩体地球化学特征及年代学意义

为了研究中祁连东段白花沟岩体的地球化学特征,通过LA-ICP-MS方法测得花岗闪长岩同位素年龄为(922±16)Ma(MSWD=2.0),侵位时代为新元古代。岩石中SiO_2含量为64.4%~75%,Al_2O_3含量为12.98%~15.75%,MgO含量为0.34%~2.25%,Na_2O/K_2O1,总体显示为过铝质花岗岩类;微量元素方面,Sr含量较低,属于低Sr花岗岩,Ba,Sr,Nb,Eu表示出明显的负异常;轻稀土表现出强烈富集的特征,δEu1(0.36~0.82),具有明显的负异常。白花沟岩体形成于晋宁运动前期的一次碰撞造山运动,为古老陆壳的重融,其源岩为贫粘土、富斜长石的砂屑岩。     

云南香格里拉伊隆迈勘查区火山岩岩石学及地球化学特征

为弥补云南省香格里拉伊隆迈勘查区岩石学及地球化学研究的空白,系统总结了该区火山岩的岩石学特征;并结合主量、微量及稀土元素数据及各类投点图,分析探讨火山岩的地球化学特征及其地质意义。结果表明:火山岩SiO_2含量为41.91%~47.75%,σ=0.005~27.94,m/f=0.3~1.73,为富铁质-铁质超基性-基性岩,Al_2O_3含量(13.03%~21.54%)较高,全碱ALK=0.13%~5.48%;岩石Rb、Sr、Th、U等大离子亲石元素相对亏损,Nb、Zr、Ta等高场强元素相对富集,Ti显著富集;火山岩主量、微量元素以及地球化学指标的差异性表明该区存在多期次的火山喷发;火山岩的稀土元素总量∑REE较高,为85.86×10~(-6)~137.58×10~(-6),稀土元素配分图为平滑的右倾曲线,LREE/HREE为3.16~7.16,(La/Yb)_N为3.27~9.66,表现为轻稀土中等富集以及轻重稀土分异不明显。     

贺兰山北段古元古代S型花岗岩岩石地球化学、锆石U-Pb年代学及其地质意义

对贺兰山北段似斑状花岗岩进行岩相学、岩石地球化学及锆石U-Pb年代学进行研究,探讨其成因机制及其源岩性质。研究结果表明:似斑状花岗岩具有高物质的量比即n(Al_2O_3)/n(Na_2O+K_2O)(记为A/CNK,为1.18~1.29)、低FeOt和MgO质量分数比即w(FeOt)/w(MgO)(小于10)、低P_2O_5(质量分数为0.15%~0.22%)和高K_2O(质量分数为5.09%~5.86%)的地球化学特征,属于典型的强过铝质S型花岗岩。岩石轻稀土富集,轻重稀土分异明显([w(La)/w(Yb)]N=10.4~153.6),具有明显的Eu负异常(δ(Eu)=0.19~0.49);同时,岩体富集大离子亲石元素(LILE)K和Rb,亏损高场强元素(HFSE)Nb,Ta,Zr,Hf和Ti等。似斑状花岗岩与孔兹岩具有相似的微量和稀土元素地球化学特征,推断其应为孔兹岩部分熔融的产物。较低的w(CaO)/w(Na2O)、较高的w(Rb)/w(Sr)和w(Rb)/w(Ba)暗示孔兹岩的原岩应为泥质岩或是以泥质岩为主的、成熟度较高的沉积岩,反映其当时的沉积环境应为被动大陆边缘,而非活动大陆边缘。似斑状花岗岩LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb年龄为(1922±31)Ma,与孔兹岩带内所记录的1.92~1.90Ga期间的岩浆-变质事件相吻合,可能反映了构造体制由碰撞挤压到伸展的转变。     

粤北塘湾岩体岩石地球化学特征及其意义

塘湾岩体位于诸广岩体中南部,岩性主要为中细粒斑状二云母花岗岩。对塘湾岩体进行了详细的主量元素、微量元素和稀土元素的研究。结果表明,该岩体表现为高钾钙碱性,SiO_2含量高(72.76%~74.32%,平均值为73.50%),富碱(Na_2O+K_2O=7.61%~8.50%,平均值为8.07%),且钾大于钠,铝过饱和(A/CNK值介于1.03~1.12之间,平均1.07)的特点。微量元素中富集Rb,Th,U,Ce,Zr,Hf,明显亏损Sr,P,Ti,Ta,岩体铀含量较高,Th/U比值低,岩体中的铀多受到了活化改造,对铀成矿有利;稀土元素具有总含量不高,配分模式呈右倾型,轻、重稀土分馏明显,以及强烈的铕负异常等特征。推测其形成于岩石圈伸展减薄的环境下,源区由泥质岩(主要)和砂质岩(次要)混合组成。     

藏南雪莎地区辉绿岩脉的锆石U-Pb年龄、岩石地球化学和Sr-Nd-Pb同位素

探讨特提斯喜马拉雅在早白垩世的地质构造演化历史。通过对西藏南部雪莎地区辉绿岩进行LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb年龄、地球化学以及Sr-Nd-Pb同位素的研究,获得成岩年龄为124.5±2.6 Ma,全岩主元素及痕量元素地球化学特征显示:它们属于低钾(拉斑)系列,SiO_2质量分数为45.55%～46.67%,具有高TFeO(平均质量分数为9.62%)、高钛(TiO_2平均质量分数为1.73%)、高磷(P_2O_5平均质量分数为0.19%)等特点;轻、重稀土元素分馏较为明显(LREE/HREE=3.54～3.67,(La/Yb)_N比值平均为3.06),具有较弱的Eu正异常(δEu=1.02～1.19),富集大离子亲石元素(LILE,如Ba、Sr、Th)和高场强元素(HFSF,如Zr、Hf),呈现典型的洋岛玄武岩(OIB)地球化学特征;Sr、Nd、Pb同位素[(~(87)Sr/~(86)Sr)_t=0.705 17～0.706 14、(~(143)Nd/~(144)Nd)_t=0.512 748～0.512 809、ε_(Nd)(t)=5.27～6.46、(~(207)Pb/~(204)Pb)_t=15.564～15.587以及(~(206)Pb/~(204)Pb)_t=18.285～18.490]显示出亏损地幔特征。结合区域地质资料,认为雪莎地区辉绿岩形成于被动大陆边缘构造环境,具有OIB型地球化学特征,可能与澳大利亚Kerguelen地幔热柱有关,属于Comei-Bunbury大火成岩省的一部分。     

龙首山芨岭复式岩体岩石地球化学特征及构造环境探讨

芨岭复式岩体位于甘肃龙首山拱断带中段,产有芨岭等我国最为典型的碱交代型铀矿床,为揭示其成因意义,并初步探讨其构造环境,对芨岭复式岩体进行了地球化学研究。地球化学及岩石学研究表明,芨岭复式岩体岩石属于低硅(47.09%~73.71%)、低钾高钠(K2O/Na2O平均值1)、准铝质高钾钙碱性系列岩石。微量元素相对富集Ba,Rb,Th,U等大离子亲石元素(LILE)且相对贫Ta,Nb,Zr,Hf,Ti,P等高场强元素(HFSE)。具有明显的Th,U富集,La,Ce正异常,Zr,Hf弱亏损,Sr,P,Ti强烈亏损特征。稀土元素含量较高且表现出轻稀土元素(LREE)富集,重稀土元素(HREE)较为平坦特征。应用微量元素构造判别图解,并结合前人对该区构造-岩浆演化的长期研究,认为芨岭复式岩体很可能形成于碰撞后构造背景。     

西秦岭TTG质脉岩地球化学特征及其与金矿化的关系

选取西秦岭夏河-合作断裂以南广泛发育的中酸性脉岩进行岩石学、岩石地球化学分析研究:研究区脉岩具有低硅低镁(SiO_2占55.14%～68.42%,平均64.13%;MgO占0.101%～1.02%,平均0.633%);高钠低钾(Na_2O/K_2O=0.63～2.920.5);高铝高钛(Al_2O_3含量大于15%;TiO_2占0.462%～0.806%,平均0.566%)特征。轻稀土元素(LREE)富集(LREE为195.89×10~(-6)～223.95×10~(-6),平均215.85×10~(-6)),重稀土元素(HREE)严重亏损(HREE为10.45×10~(-6)～14.56×10~(-6),平均11.86×10~(-6)),轻重稀土元素分馏明显,具弱的负铕异常(δ_(Eu))(δ_(Eu)=0.61～0.97,平均0.75);微量元素组成与埃达克岩类似,高Sr、低Y,高场强元素Th、U、Zr、Hf正异常,大离子亲石元素K、Ba、Sr负异常。脉岩具有奥长花岗岩-英云闪长岩-花岗闪长岩(TTG)岩套的性质,脉岩产生于晚三叠世洋壳俯冲消减活动大陆边缘弧环境。脉岩与金矿化是同一构造-岩浆旋回内区域壳幔相互作用的系列产物,金成矿与脉岩不仅在时空上密切伴生,而且物质成分上具有相同的来源和继承演化的成因联系。     

内蒙古西乌旗地区二叠纪双峰式火山岩的年代学、地球化学特征和地质意义

为了加深对中亚造山带东段晚古生代构造背景的认识, 选取内蒙古西乌旗地区二叠纪火山岩进行年代学和地球化学研究。分别利用X光荧光光谱(XRF)、SHRIMP锆石U-Pb测年、ICP-MS和ISOPROBE-T方法测定研究区火山岩的主量元素含量、年龄、微量元素和稀土元素含量及Sr-Nd同位素。结果表明, 这套火山岩的SiO₂含量集中分布在53.54%~54.71%和72.61%~80.81%两个区间, 分别属于玄武安山岩和流纹岩, 构成双峰式火山岩组合。流纹岩SHRIMP锆石U-Pb年龄为279 ± 4.3 Ma, 说明它喷发于早二叠世。玄武安山岩轻稀土略富集而重稀土略亏损, (La/Yb)_N为2.06~2.34, 有轻微的Eu负异常, 富集大离子亲石元素和高场强元素, Nb, Ta和Sr有明显的负异常, 推断其来源于深部非原始地幔, 很大程度上受地壳成分的混染。流纹岩亦略富集轻稀土, 略亏损重稀土, (La/Yb)_N为1.70~3.81, 有很强的Eu负异常, Sr, P和Ti相对强烈亏损, Nb和Ta轻度亏损, K, Zr和Hf相对富集, 具有较高的正ε_Nd(t)值(+3.98~+5.62)和年轻的模式年龄T_DM(490~690 Ma), 具有A型花岗岩的特征, 推断其为新生陆壳来源。综合地球化学特征、区域地质特征和前人研究资料, 这套双峰式火山岩具有板内成因特征, 形成于碰撞后的伸展环境。     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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An on-line scaling method for improving scalability of a database cluster

The explosive growth of the Internet and database applications has driven database to be more scalable and available, and able to support on-line scaling without interrupting service. To support more client's queries without downtime and degrading the response time, more nodes have to be scaled up while the database is running. This paper presents the overview of scalable and available database that satisfies the above characteristics. And we propose a novel on-line scaling method. Our method improves the existing on-line scaling method for fast response time and higher throughputs. Our proposed method reduces unnecessary network use, i.e. , we decrease the number of data copy by reusing the backup data. Also, our on-line scaling operation can be processed parallel by selecting adequate nodes as new node. Our performance study shows that our method results in significant reduction in data copy time.     

An improved R-tree based on childnode''s probability

R-Tree is a good structure for spatial searching. But in this indexing structure,either the sequence of nodes in the same level or sequence of traveling these nodes when queries are made is random. Since the possibility that the object appears in different MBR which have the same parents node is different, if we make the subnode who has the most possibility be traveled first, the time cost will be decreased in most of the cases. In some case, the possibility of a point belong to a rectangle will shows direct proportion with the size of the rectangle. But this conclusion is based on an assumption that the objects are symmetrically distributing in the area and this assumption is not always coming into existence. Now we found a more direct parameter to scale the possibility and made a little change on the structure of R-tree, to increase the possibility of founding the satisfying answer in the front sub trees. We names this structure probability based arranged R-tree (PBAR-tree).     

Integrating GIS Web services based on mediating architecture

The geographic information service is enabled by the advancements in general Web service technology and the focused efforts of the OGC in defining XML-based Web GIS service. Based on these models, this paper addresses the issue of services chaining,the process of combining or pipelining results from several interoperable GIS Web Services to create a customized solution. This paper presents a mediated chaining architecture in which a specific service takes responsibility for performing the process that describes a service chain. We designed the Spatial Information Process Language (SIPL) for dynamic modeling and describing the service chain, also a prototype of the Spatial Information Process Execution Engine (SIPEE) is implemented for executing processes written in SIPL. Discussion of measures to improve the functionality and performance of such system will be included.     

Tracking data management using topology of moving object database system for moving object constrained trajectory in LBS application

Advances in wireless technologies and positioning technologies and spread of wireless devices, an interest in LBS (Location Based Service) is arising. To provide location based service, tracking data should have been stored in moving object database management system (called MODBMS) with proper policies and managed efficiently. So the methods which acquire the location information at regular time intervals then, store and manage have been studied. In this paper, we suggest tracking data management techniques using topology that is corresponding to the moving path of moving object. In our techniques, we update the MODBMS when moving object arrived at a street intersection or a curved road which is represented as the node in topology and predict the location at past and future with attribute of topology and linear function. In this technique, location data that are corresponding to the node in topology are stored, thus reduce the number of update and amount of data. Also in case predicting the location,because topology are used as well as existing location information, accuracy for prediction is increased than applying linear function or spline function.