初容室容积对燃气弹射载荷与内弹道性能影响

为研究初容室容积变化对燃气弹射载荷与内弹道性能的影响,建立了含二次燃烧和尾罩运动边界的二维轴对称数值模型。在实验数据验证模型可靠性的基础上,研究了初容室容积变化导致流场结构和二次燃烧核心区域改变的机理,分析了弹射过程中影响建压的主导因素,得到了不同初容室容积下的流场、载荷和内弹道性能规律。结果表明:随着初容室高度的增加,燃气射流反射点由筒底转移至筒壁面,二次燃烧核心区域由发射筒上部转移至下部;对于弹底初始冲击压力峰值,容积因素占据主导,对于二次压力峰值,总压因素占据主导;导弹加速度峰值和出筒速度先减小后增加,出筒时间先变长后变短。实验装置初容室高度增加100mm,为最优内弹道设计方案。     

提拉活塞式导弹水下发射过程数值模拟

为综合潜艇和导弹在作战中的优点,将陆上导弹常用的提拉活塞发射方式移植到水下,并利用潜艇进行水下导弹发射,对提拉活塞式导弹发射过程进行数值模拟,建立了耦合求解非定常流场和运动的数值仿真模型,在给定初始条件下,模拟了导弹在水下和空中发射的出筒过程,分析了发射流场和导弹运动参数的变化情况.仿真结果表明:在水下发射导弹的过程中,海水来不及填补因导弹运动形成的弹尾区域空隙而形成了空化,产生了较大的压差阻力,减小了出筒速度和增加了出筒所需时间;弹尾处空化的产生增大了导弹水动力特性的不确定性,给发射内弹道的设计和控制造成了困难,弹尾处空泡溃灭后产生的压力波对弹尾和筒底形成巨大的冲击载荷,并对弹尾和筒底的结构防护提出了更高要求.     

导弹热发射燃气射流对发射筒的影响

为研究导弹热发射过程中燃气射流对筒体的热冲击和动力冲击效应,基于三维、雷诺平均Navier-Stokes方程和RNG(renormalization-group)κ-ε湍流模型,采用域动分层法模拟导弹发射过程,得到了导弹发射过程中筒内的温度、速度、压强云图及筒壁监测点的压强和温度变化曲线。结果表明:发射筒前后盖打开以后,筒内燃气无反射回流现象;导弹发射过程中,筒内的高压燃气向外压迫筒壁,使筒体产生最大变形为0.68 mm;发射筒在最大温度载荷作用下产生的热变形为0.1 mm。     

TiNi形状记忆合金低速冲击响应行为的研究

利用单摆冲击试验设备,对TiNi合金不同冲击能量及温度条件下的冲击响应行为进行了研究.冲击过程中的接触载荷由压力传感器及数字信号处理系统实时测量.根据接触载荷数据,可计算得到接触载荷与样品表面变形的关系.结果表明,同一冲击高度时,随温度升高马氏体TiNi合金的最大接触载荷增加,而接触时间降低;母相TiNi合金的最大接触载荷随冲击高度的增加会出现载荷平台段即伪弹变形段,处于平台段时母相TiNi合金吸收冲击能量,且不产生不可恢复的塑性变形,最大接触载荷降低,从而可减轻材料损伤.     

TiNi形状记忆合金低速冲击响应行为的研究

利用单摆冲击试验设备，对TiNi合金不同冲击能量及温度条件下的冲击响应行为进行了研究。冲击过程中的接触载荷由压力传感器及数字信号处理系统实时测量。根据接触载荷数据，可计算得到接触载荷与样品表面变形的关系。结果表明，同一冲击高度时，随温度升高马氏体TiNi合金的最大接触载荷增加，而接触时问降低；母相TiNi合金的最大接触载荷随冲击高度的增加会出现载荷平台段即伪弹变形段，处于平台段时母相TiNi合金吸收冲击能量，且不产生不可恢复的塑性变形，最大接触载荷降低，从而可减轻材料损伤。     

强冲击载荷下多孔钛动态力学性能实验及数值模拟

对多孔钛在强冲击载荷下的动态力学性能进行了实验和数值模拟研究. 通过一级轻气炮分别对孔隙率为30%的试样以及孔隙率为20%的试样进行冲击加载,得到了多孔钛在强冲击载荷下的冲击压力与时间的关系以及其他相关数据. 实验测试结果表明,冲击压力会因试件中孔洞的影响而发生衰减;多孔钛的压力峰值没有产生应力平台,显示出了强烈的衰减特性以及应变率相关的黏弹性特性. 本文同时依据实验,利用有限元程序对多孔钛的平板撞击实验进行了数值模拟,所得到的压力-时间曲线以及其他重要参数与实验值吻合较好.      

不同水头高度洪水冲击乡村建筑模型试验研究

洪水的冲击会对建筑结构造成极大的危害,甚至会引起建筑物的损毁,尤其是在山区的村镇.通过模型试验,研究了洪水对建筑结构的冲击作用.试验中模拟洪水选用的水头高度为0.6、0.9、1.2m,模型距溃口的距离为6m,坡度为2°,模型比尺为1/6,选用3种开洞率.通过对不同水头高度、开洞率的试验结果进行分析,研究了村镇建筑结构表面洪水冲击压力特性及其分布规律,结果表明:洪水冲击压力峰值是稳流水压力的1.5～2.0倍且均随着水头高度的增加而增加;冲击压力在建筑物表面从底部到顶部逐渐减小;冲击压力合力和弯矩随着水头高度的增加而增加,随着开洞率的增加而减小.     

沸腾液体扩展蒸汽爆炸初期演化过程的数值模拟

对沸腾液体扩展蒸汽爆炸发生初期,容器顶部突然出现开口,压力快速泄放导致容器内介质过热沸腾的过程进行了模拟研究。选取过热水及饱和水蒸气为容器内介质,分析了该过程中气液两相的变化过程。探讨了初始温度（初始压力）、初始充装量及开口大小等因素对前述物理过程及容器内压力、温度的影响。结果表明：容器内过热沸腾的过程中,温度逐渐下降,压力响应会出现两次压力峰和一个压力平台期,两个压力峰值都会随初始温度的增加而增加,压力平台持续时间随初始温度先增大后减小;第一个压力峰值随初始充装量的增加先增大后减小,第二个压力峰值则随初始充装量的增加而增大,压力平台的持续时间和液体充装量成正比关系;开口越大两个压力峰值也越大,压力平台持续时间越短。     

基于儿童头部有限元模型的颅内响应研究

应用基于CT数据构建的3岁儿童头部有限元模型,参照成人尸体实验条件进行头部撞击仿真实验,并将头部颅内响应结果同尸体实验以及6岁儿童头部进行了对比分析.结果表明:颅骨刚度的增加会引起撞击侧颅内压力减小、对撞侧颅内压力增大、脑组织von Mises应力减小以及脑组织最大剪应力减小,说明在同一冲击载荷条件下,颅骨刚度的增加会使撞击侧的脑组织挫伤风险降低.根据研究结果,建议针对不同年龄段人群制定不同的脑损伤准则.     

不同载荷水平砂岩吸水特性实验研究

针对边坡岩体受损后吸水特性发生变化进而导致稳定性降低的问题,选取三峡库区典型砂岩为研究对象,对不同载荷水平砂岩的吸水特性进行实验研究,结果表明:随着时间的增加,砂岩吸水曲线水位高度上升速率逐渐减小,并最终趋于稳定;随着载荷水平的逐渐升高,砂岩吸水率先减小后增加,当载荷水平较高导致岩样出现裂缝后,岩样吸水能力极大提高,短时间内水位高度迅速上升.岩样的吸水曲线水位高度局部较高区域恰好在主裂缝附近,而较多的小裂缝处的水位高度线分布散乱.该研究揭示出可根据岩体表观吸水曲线特征来预测岩体内部结构变化情况.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

正~~     

An on-line scaling method for improving scalability of a database cluster

The explosive growth of the Internet and database applications has driven database to be more scalable and available, and able to support on-line scaling without interrupting service. To support more client's queries without downtime and degrading the response time, more nodes have to be scaled up while the database is running. This paper presents the overview of scalable and available database that satisfies the above characteristics. And we propose a novel on-line scaling method. Our method improves the existing on-line scaling method for fast response time and higher throughputs. Our proposed method reduces unnecessary network use, i.e. , we decrease the number of data copy by reusing the backup data. Also, our on-line scaling operation can be processed parallel by selecting adequate nodes as new node. Our performance study shows that our method results in significant reduction in data copy time.     

An improved R-tree based on childnode''s probability

R-Tree is a good structure for spatial searching. But in this indexing structure,either the sequence of nodes in the same level or sequence of traveling these nodes when queries are made is random. Since the possibility that the object appears in different MBR which have the same parents node is different, if we make the subnode who has the most possibility be traveled first, the time cost will be decreased in most of the cases. In some case, the possibility of a point belong to a rectangle will shows direct proportion with the size of the rectangle. But this conclusion is based on an assumption that the objects are symmetrically distributing in the area and this assumption is not always coming into existence. Now we found a more direct parameter to scale the possibility and made a little change on the structure of R-tree, to increase the possibility of founding the satisfying answer in the front sub trees. We names this structure probability based arranged R-tree (PBAR-tree).     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Integrating GIS Web services based on mediating architecture

The geographic information service is enabled by the advancements in general Web service technology and the focused efforts of the OGC in defining XML-based Web GIS service. Based on these models, this paper addresses the issue of services chaining,the process of combining or pipelining results from several interoperable GIS Web Services to create a customized solution. This paper presents a mediated chaining architecture in which a specific service takes responsibility for performing the process that describes a service chain. We designed the Spatial Information Process Language (SIPL) for dynamic modeling and describing the service chain, also a prototype of the Spatial Information Process Execution Engine (SIPEE) is implemented for executing processes written in SIPL. Discussion of measures to improve the functionality and performance of such system will be included.