孔雀鱼精子发生的显微与超微结构

对卵胎生硬骨鱼孔雀鱼精子的发生进行了显微与超微结构研究.成鱼精巢呈肾形,腹面有输精管伸出,内部构造为小管型.孔雀鱼精子发生经过精原细胞,初级精母细胞,次级精母细胞,精子细胞及变态精子阶段;初级精母细胞和精子细胞高尔基体和囊泡丰富;从精母细胞到精子细胞有细胞质不完全分裂现象;成熟精子头部较长,袖套部分长度是头部的2倍,直径与精子头部相同,线粒体多.鞭毛有侧鳍,其轴丝为典型的“9+2”结构.     

短尾鮠精子发生的超微结构研究

用透射电镜观察了短尾鮠的精原细胞、初级精母细胞、次级精母细胞、精子细胞和精子的形态以及细胞核、拟染色体和线粒体等的结构变化规律．结果表明：精原细胞时期细胞器较丰富，到精子细胞后期，细胞器的形态和数量发生了较大变化；随着精母细胞的发育，核质凝聚程度逐渐增强．短尾鮠的精子具有椭圆的头部和复杂的中片，近侧中心粒和远侧中心粒靠近核的中央，鞭毛呈9＋2轴丝结构，并具有由外膜折迭形成的波浪形的结构．表明短尾鮠精子发生中具有某些区别于其它鱼类精子的不同结构．     

皱纹盘鲍精巢及精子结构的研究

用光镜和电镜观察了皱纹鲍精巢和精子的结构,生精细胞通过基膜着生在分枝的结缔组织上,由基底部向精巢腔增殖。观察到５个阶段的生精细胞。精子可分为头部、中段和末段３部分,头部由顶体、顶体上腔和细胞核组成;中段由中心粒、线粒体和核糖体组成;末段细长,轴丝为典型的“９＋２”微管结构。     

鳜精巢的组织学和超微结构观察

对鳜精巢的组织学结构和超微结构进行观察．鳜精巢呈叶型结构,由精原细胞、初级精母细胞、次级精母细胞、精细胞、成熟精子等生殖细胞和支持细胞、间质细胞、边界细胞、类肌细胞、成纤维细胞、内皮细胞等非生殖细胞组成．鳜精子形成过程,精细胞大致经历了鞭毛发生,核质凝缩及核位置的改变,线粒体迁移等过程．鳜成熟精子无顶体结构,头短而圆,主要为核占据,核凹窝发达,尾细长,具侧鳍,尾部轴丝为“9 2”结构．     

剑尾鱼精巢的显微和超微结构观察

对性成熟卵胎生鱼类剑尾鱼(Xiphophorus helleri)的精巢进行了显微和超微结构的观察.结果显示,剑尾鱼具一对索状精巢,其内部呈小管型.精巢内每一精小囊的生殖细胞发育同步,从精子发生到成熟精子的形成,精小囊逐渐由小管盲端向中央腔方向移动,在迁移过程中逐渐发育.剑尾鱼的精子发生经过精原细胞,初级精母细胞,次级精母细胞,精细胞及变态精子、成熟精子等阶段.剑尾鱼成熟精子分为头部、中段、尾部3个部分.     

北京鸭精子发生过程的电镜观察

应用电子显微镜研究了北京鸭的精子发生过程。初级精母细胞有一个分化的过程,其细胞核的顶部上方有一个由高尔基体和线粒体组成的高尔基区,这一区和核内染色体的出现有明显的位置相关,并随着减数分裂的进行而分散。观察了精细胞变态过程中细胞核的形态和结构的变化。探讨了由高尔基体形成顶体、由远端中心粒和线粒体形成中段、由远端中心粒的未端形成尾丝的过程。发现包围细胞核的微管随着精子的发育而层数逐渐增多,此微管系统的变化与精子头部核的定型有关。     

东方杯叶吸虫精巢和精子发生的超微结构研究

本文应用透射电镜研究了东方杯叶吸虫精巢和精子的超微结构及精子发生过程,并与体外培养成虫进行比较,提出一种精子结构模式图.精子的形成经历了由精原细胞,初级精母细胞、次级精母细胞、精子细胞和精子的发育等过程.精子细胞形成后,胞质突起形成一分化区,并发育成精子鞘,核向鞘中旋转、浓缩和迁移,两根鞭毛轴丝由鞘中基体发出;鞭毛为9+“1”结构.体外培养成虫尚有几种不正常的成熟精子,可作为体外培养的评价指标.     

东方杯叶吸虫精巢和精子发生的超微结构研究

本文应用透射电镜研究了东方杯叶吸虫精巢和精子的超微结构及精子发生过程,并与体外培养成虫进行比较,提出一种精子结构模式图。精子的形成经历了由精原细胞,初级精母细胞、次级精母细胞、精子细胞和精子的发育等过程。精子细胞形成后,胞质突起形成一分化区,并发育成精子鞘,核向鞘中旋转、浓缩和迁移,两根鞭毛轴丝由鞘中基体发出;鞭毛为9+“1”结构。体外培养成虫尚有几种不正常的成熟精子,可作为体外培养的评价指标。     

赤点石斑鱼精子发生和形成的超微结构研究

用透射电镜研究了赤点石斑鱼Epinephelus妇精子发生和精子形成过程。结果表明，赤点石斑鱼精子发生经历了初级精原细胞、次级精原细胞、初级精母细胞、次级精母细胞、精子细胞阶段。精子细胞再经过精子形成过程成为精子。在初级精原细胞、次级精原细胞阶段，细胞核释放出拟染色体。拟染色体分布于精原细胞和前期Ⅰ的初级精母细胞的细胞质中。初级精母细胞减数分裂早期同源染色体配对明显可见，并形成联会复合体。精子细胞之间存在细胞联系（桥粒）。赤点石斑鱼成熟精子的特点是细胞核圆形，核内染色质致密，没有核泡（核空隙）。精子尾部细长，横切面为典型的“9＋2”轴丝结构。     

中国大鲵精子形态研究

通过扫描电镜和光学显微镜,观察了中国大鲵精子的形态结构,并对精子各部位量度进行了测量和计算,结果表明:大鲵精子由头部和尾部组成,无明显的颈部.精子头部细长且直,前端渐细呈锥状,顶体由顶体鞘和穿孔器组成,头部中后部有胞质小团分布;尾部呈波状,由轴纤维、波动膜和轴丝构成.精子的全长为252.45±11.19 μm(n=20),顶体长23.33±1.68 μm,头长68.27±2.75 μm,尾长184.19±11.74 μm,头宽2.63±0.34 μm.比较分析表明:中国大鲵精子具有隐鳃鲵科精子的共同形态结构特征;隐鳃鲵科物种精子的形态结构与小鲵科的具有相似性;在大鲵的人工授精过程中,保证精子结构完整,是提高大鲵受精率的一个重要因素.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

The Analects and the Moment in Peking——The influence of a Confucian education system on the personality formation,the way of thinking and the fate of the main characters

0.Preface China has long been boasting of its colorful and immense culture which comprises of Taoism,Confucianism and Buddhism.The interwoven influence among the religions on Chinese way of thinking,on the nation＇s behavior in their social life throughout the long history is beyond list.