N-烷基-ε-己内酰胺的合成及其在植物材料染色中的应用

ε－己内酰胺与溴代十二烷，溴代辛烷，溴代已烷在氢化钠的作用下，在四氢呋喃中进行反应，合成了3种N－烷基－ε－己内酰胺，产率55％－67％，以番红、苯酚品红液等为染色剂，研究了N－烷基－ε－己内酰胺在多种植物材料染色过程中的助染作用。     

α—溴代醛的合成

α－溴代醛是一种有用的有机合成中间体，主要用于制备α，β－不饱和醛和定向合成的光学活性异构体。本从易得的原料开始，制备一种使用方便的溴化剂－二溴麦尔多姆酸，使酯醛发生α－溴化反应不仅条件温和，操作简便，而且收率高，后处理方便。     

α─溴代醛的合成

α－溴代醛是一种有用的有机合成中间体，主要用于制备α、β－不饱和醛和定向合成的光学活性异构体．本文从易得的原料开始，制备一种使用方便的溴化剂－二溴麦尔多姆酸，使脂肪醛发生α－溴化反应不仅条件温和、操作简便，而且收率高，后处理方便．所合成的一系列α－溴代醛经沸点．１ＨＮＭＲ和ＧＣ—ＭＳ所确证．     

一种制备正三十二烷的新方法

正三十二烷可以从植物中分离［１］,曾被用作气相色谱的固定相［２］,也是豆类昆虫的引诱剂,在化学一上该物质还有其它应用．正三十二烷可通过溴代十六烷与二羧酸酰氯的Ｂｌａｉｓｅ－Ｋｅｔｏｎｅ反应制备［３］．Ｃ１６Ｈ３３Ｂｒ＋ＣｌＣＯ（ＣＨ２）ｎＣＯＣｌＢ－...     

2,7-二溴芴酮的合成研究

研究了以芴酮为原料，水作为溶剂在碘催化下直接溴代制备2，7-二溴芴酮的方法，考察了不同的溶剂、催化剂、反应时间、反应温度对产率的影响．该制备方法选择水为溶剂、碘作为催化剂，在100℃下反应4h产率为60．3％．并对所合成化合物的结构进行了红外、核磁波谱表征．     

(R)和(S)-4-甲基-1-壬醇的合成研究

（R）和（S）－4－甲基－1－壬醇是黄粉虫（Tenebrio molitorL.）雌性性引诱信息素,以天然樟脑衍生物莰烷－10,2－磺内酰胺为原料,在有或无Cul催化条件下以巴豆酰基鞭莰烷－10,2－磺内酰胺的不对称Michael加成反应为关键步骤对该信息素进行了合成,其加成产物（3 ′R）和（3′S）－N－3′－甲基辛酰基莰烷－10,2－磺内酰胺以LiAlH4^-还原断裂及HBr溴化反应后,再经3－甲基辛基溴化镁与甲醛反应即合成出目标产物（R）和（S）－4－甲基－1－壬醇,全合成总产率可42％,目标产物对映异构体纯度可达96％e,e此合成法具有步骤短、产率高及手性助剂可回收利用等优点。     

离子液体[Bmim]Br3对1—乙酰基奥—3—甲酸甲酯的选择性单溴代反应

在无溶剂和室温条件下，三溴化1-丁基-3-甲基睐唑（[Bmim]Bra）选择性地与1-乙酰基奥-3-甲酸甲酯进行溴化反应，以92％的收率生成1-溴乙酰基奥-3-甲酸甲酯。该方法反应条件温和、产率高、选择性好、环境友好。     

m—溴硝基苯的合成新途径

本文采用溴酸钾与硝基苯反应制备m-溴硝基苯。在常温下,反应时间短,重复性好,易分离,产率高。它是合成m-溴硝基苯较好方法。     

溴化十六烷基三甲铵催化合成环己酮

以溴化十六烷基三甲铵作为相转移催化剂，用次氯酸钠作为氧化剂，在适当的反应条件下，氧化环己醇合成环己酮．实验结果表明，溴化十六烷基三甲铵催化合成环己酮，可提高环己酮的产率，具有所用的反应条件温和、操作简便、需用时间短等优点．     

2-丙酰基呋喃的合成

以溴乙烷和糠醛为原料，通过格氏反应和氧化反应，合成了2－丙酰基呋喃。此法不分离中间产物，不仅简化了操作，而且提高了产率。     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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An on-line scaling method for improving scalability of a database cluster

The explosive growth of the Internet and database applications has driven database to be more scalable and available, and able to support on-line scaling without interrupting service. To support more client's queries without downtime and degrading the response time, more nodes have to be scaled up while the database is running. This paper presents the overview of scalable and available database that satisfies the above characteristics. And we propose a novel on-line scaling method. Our method improves the existing on-line scaling method for fast response time and higher throughputs. Our proposed method reduces unnecessary network use, i.e. , we decrease the number of data copy by reusing the backup data. Also, our on-line scaling operation can be processed parallel by selecting adequate nodes as new node. Our performance study shows that our method results in significant reduction in data copy time.     

An improved R-tree based on childnode''s probability

R-Tree is a good structure for spatial searching. But in this indexing structure,either the sequence of nodes in the same level or sequence of traveling these nodes when queries are made is random. Since the possibility that the object appears in different MBR which have the same parents node is different, if we make the subnode who has the most possibility be traveled first, the time cost will be decreased in most of the cases. In some case, the possibility of a point belong to a rectangle will shows direct proportion with the size of the rectangle. But this conclusion is based on an assumption that the objects are symmetrically distributing in the area and this assumption is not always coming into existence. Now we found a more direct parameter to scale the possibility and made a little change on the structure of R-tree, to increase the possibility of founding the satisfying answer in the front sub trees. We names this structure probability based arranged R-tree (PBAR-tree).     

Integrating GIS Web services based on mediating architecture

The geographic information service is enabled by the advancements in general Web service technology and the focused efforts of the OGC in defining XML-based Web GIS service. Based on these models, this paper addresses the issue of services chaining,the process of combining or pipelining results from several interoperable GIS Web Services to create a customized solution. This paper presents a mediated chaining architecture in which a specific service takes responsibility for performing the process that describes a service chain. We designed the Spatial Information Process Language (SIPL) for dynamic modeling and describing the service chain, also a prototype of the Spatial Information Process Execution Engine (SIPEE) is implemented for executing processes written in SIPL. Discussion of measures to improve the functionality and performance of such system will be included.