不同季节中缅树鼩脂肪细胞的流式分析

为探究不同季节下中缅树鼩脂肪组织的变化情况,利用流式细胞术分别对春夏秋冬四季中缅树鼩白色脂肪细胞进行UCP1、CD137,对褐色脂肪细胞进行UCP1抗体标记研究。结果显示:中缅树鼩白色脂肪组织细胞群夏季UCP1、CD137阳性表达最低,分别为8.98%、4.42%,冬季达到最高,分别为60.91%、35.54%;褐色脂肪组织细胞群在夏季UCP1阳性表达为22.38%,冬季则高至83.78%。以上结果表明中缅树鼩在冬季,白色脂肪组织中UCP1及CD137阳性表达均增加,诱导白色脂肪组织"褐变",可能产生米色脂肪细胞;褐色脂肪组织UCP1阳性表达增加,表明其产热活性增强。     

冷驯化对中缅树鼩白色脂肪组织和血液生理生化指标的影响

对冷驯化条件下中缅树鼩的白色脂肪组织重量和血液生理生化指标进行测定.结果表明:中缅树鼩的体重、白色脂肪组织重量及含量随着冷暴露时间的延长而显著增加.冷驯化组中缅树鼩的血常规指标中白细胞、血红蛋白、红细胞、血小板与对照组相比无显著差异.而冷驯化组中缅树鼩血生化中葡萄糖、谷草转氨酶、谷丙转氨酶、谷氨酰胺转移酶则显著高于对照组.实验结果提示,中缅树鼩体内白色脂肪的大量堆积导致了体重的增加,冷驯化条件下中缅树鼩血液葡萄糖的增加可能是因为过多能量的摄入使其肝脏代谢负担增加,对其肝脏代谢功能产生了不良影响.     

低温对中缅树鼠句肝脏、BAT总RNA含量的影响

肝脏和BAT是小型哺乳动物体内重要的产热器官。中缅树Qu肝脏、BAT重量及肝脏和BAT总RNA含量在冷驯化过程中出现先降低再增加的趋势。冷驯化4h-7d肝脏总RNA含量与对照组相比，变化均不显著，但冷驯化14d时显著上升；BAT总RNA含量从1h到8h有下降趋势，从24h开始显著上升并持续至14d。在冷驯化过程中，中缅树Qu肝脏RNA含量较BAT的增加快，但BAT RNA含量的增幅较肝脏大。表明中缅树Qu肝脏对急性冷暴露的反应要比BAT快，但其BAT的拉产热能力强于肝脏。文章的实验结果表明，低温能够诱导中缅树Qu BAT和肝脏重量和总RNA含量增加，从而使其适应性产热增加，能够更好地适应其生存环境。     

急性冷暴露与持续冷驯化对中缅树鼩膈肌和心肌线粒体呼吸的影响

在急性冷驯化阶段(1h,4h,8h),中缅树膈肌线粒体状态IV呼吸与对照比较8小时组有显著的增强,心肌线粒体状态IV呼吸与对照比较在4小时和8小时有显著增强;在持续冷驯化阶段(1d,7d,14d,28d),中缅树膈肌和心肌线粒体状态IV呼吸与对照比较均有所增强,其中28天组增强十分显著。这一系列变化对于探讨中缅树膈肌与心肌在冷驯化中质子漏产热特征具有一定的意义。     

冷驯化对黑腹绒鼠能量代谢和产热的影响

以南方常见种之一黑腹绒鼠(Eothenomeys melanogaster)为对象,经过(5±1)℃冷驯化0,7,14,21,28 d后,测定其体质量、能量收支、基础代谢率(BMR)和非颤抖性产热(NST)等代谢产热指标及褐色脂肪组织(BAT)的产热活性变化.结果表明:体质量随冷驯化时间的延长缓慢下降;摄入能、消化能、可代谢能、BMR和NST呈现增加的趋势,21 d达到最高水平或趋于稳定;随着冷驯化时间的逐渐增加,BAT的相对质量、线粒体蛋白含量及细胞色素C氧化酶(COX)活性均明显提高,21 d达到最大值.说明在寒冷胁迫下,黑腹绒鼠采用增加能量摄入和提高产热能力等对策维持能量的收支平衡.而黑腹绒鼠代谢和产热模式的特点与其自身的生活习性及生境条件密切相关.     

冷驯化对大绒鼠褐色脂肪组织产热活性的影响

大绒鼠(Eothenomys miletus)为横断山区的固有种.在冷驯化((5±0.5)℃;光照:12L∶12D)过程中,大绒鼠体重降低,非颤抖性产热(Non-shivering thermogensis,NST)随冷驯化时间延长而显著增加;与NST增加相应,褐色脂肪组织(Brown adipose tissue,BAT)的总蛋白质含量(Total protein,TP)和线粒体蛋白含量(Mitochondrial protein,MP)、细胞色素C氧化酶活性、线粒体状态IV呼吸能力和$-磷酸甘油氧化酶活性与对照组比较均出现了显著增加.这些变化是大绒鼠在低温下产热增加的细胞学基础.但是,不论是NST、还是细胞水平的变化强度,均没有典型的北方种类强烈,表现出对横断山区特殊的产热适应特征,很可能代表了横断山区小型哺乳动物在冷适应条件下的产热模式.     

中缅树鼩肥满度、身体组成和消化道形态的比较

为了阐明不同区域中缅树鼩(Tupaia belangeri)的体重、肥满度、身体组成和消化道形态是否存在地理差异,对中国分部的中缅树鼩进行了采样,样本来自于云南省(河口、昆明、勐腊、大理、腾冲和片马)、贵州省(兴义)、四川省(西昌)、广西壮族自治区(大新和乐业)和海南省以及中国医学科学院医学生物学研究所实验室繁殖的F1代个体,对其体重、胴体重、体长、内脏器官和消化道的长度、重量进行了测定。结果表明:海南地区中缅树鼩的体重、胴体重和肥满度较大,而昆明地区的较小;海南和大新地区中缅树鼩的褐色脂肪组织和肝脏重量较大,昆明地区的较小,身体组成的其他指标均表现出显著的地区差异;大新地区中缅树鼩的消化道总长度显著大于其他种群,片马地区的最小,片马和腾冲地区中缅树鼩的总消化道含内容物重显著大于其他种群,实验室繁殖个体较小,消化道各指标也出现了地区差异。以上所有结果说明,不同地区的中缅树鼩在体重、肥满度、身体组成和消化道形态方面出现了地理差异,而这些差异可能和其适应不同的栖息环境有关。     

化学通讯介导对中缅树鼩个体识别的影响

为了探究尿液、粪便及胸腺分泌物对中缅树鼩个体识别的影响,通过Y-迷宫对中缅树鼩尿液、粪便和胸腺分泌物三种气味源的选择频次进行了统计分析。结果表明:用三种气味源与对照作为刺激源时,中缅树鼩均显著选择尿液和胸腺分泌物(P0.05);在习惯性实验中中缅树鼩对同性尿液和胸腺分泌物的选择频次持续下降,对陌生个体尿液和胸腺分泌物的选择频次显著增加(P0.05);尿液、胸腺分泌物在雌雄中缅树鼩个体识别的影响表现出明显差异,中缅树鼩对尿液和胸腺分泌物的选择频次均显著多于对照组(P0.01),而且雄性胸腺分泌物较雌性更受关注(P0.05),但雌性尿液比雄性更受关注(P0.05)。以上所有结果说明,中缅树鼩的尿液和胸腺分泌物中包含个体信息并用以识别个体,这两种气味源中所包含的化学信号对中缅树鼩个体间的交流极为重要,而粪便可能仅为单纯的排泄生理。     

横断山区中缅树鼩肥满度的初步研究

通过对分布于横断山区中缅树鼩的肥满度进行测定,探讨中缅树鼩肥满度与环境之间的关系.将56只体重相近的中缅树鼩随机分为7组(每组8只):对照组(自由取食,control);分别禁食12h(F12h)组、24h(F24h)组和36h(F36h)组;以及禁食36h后重喂食12h(R12h)组、48h(R48h)组和7d(R7d)组.实验结束后测定动物的体重和体长.采用体重与体长立方的比值(K=100 W/L3)作为测定肥满度的指标.结果发现:中缅树鼩雌雄个体肥满度之间差异不显著,不同年龄组之间肥满度差异不显著.中缅树鼩不同季节的肥满度差异极显著,肥满度的季节变化趋势为:冬季最高,秋季较高,春季较低,夏季最低.禁食和重喂食极显著影响中缅树鼩的肥满度,禁食后肥满度降低,禁食24h时达到极显著水平,禁食36h时最小,重喂食7d后能恢复到对照组水平.中缅树鼩肥满度在不同环境条件下的变化模式与其生存的食物波动大、高海拔低纬度和年平均温度较低的横断山区密切相关.     

雌性中缅树鼩不同生理期血液激素和脂类指标分析

为了阐明雌性中缅树鼩不同生理期血液激素和脂类指标的变化,对其雌二醇(Tradiol,E2)、孕酮(Progesterone,P)、睾酮(Testosterone,T)、甲状腺激素(Thyroxine,T_4)、三碘甲状腺原氨酸(3,3'5-triiodothyromine,T_3)、瘦素、皮质醇、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇、乳酸脱氢酶、总胆汁酸、尿酸和总蛋白含量进行了测定。结果表明:较野外种群,实验室驯化种群和繁殖种群血清中雌二醇、孕酮显著降低;而血清中高密度脂蛋白胆固醇、总胆汁酸、乳酸脱氢酶、尿酸含量显著升高;怀孕期血清中睾酮、总蛋白显著降低,雌二醇、孕酮、T_3、T_4、瘦素、皮质醇、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇、总胆汁酸、乳酸脱氢酶、尿酸含量显著升高;与未发情期相比,发情期雌性中缅树鼩血液中的雌二醇显著升高,孕酮含量极显著升高。以上结果说明长期驯化的中缅树鼩的动情能力降低,长期圈养同时能降低中缅树鼩的新陈代谢能力。     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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An on-line scaling method for improving scalability of a database cluster

The explosive growth of the Internet and database applications has driven database to be more scalable and available, and able to support on-line scaling without interrupting service. To support more client's queries without downtime and degrading the response time, more nodes have to be scaled up while the database is running. This paper presents the overview of scalable and available database that satisfies the above characteristics. And we propose a novel on-line scaling method. Our method improves the existing on-line scaling method for fast response time and higher throughputs. Our proposed method reduces unnecessary network use, i.e. , we decrease the number of data copy by reusing the backup data. Also, our on-line scaling operation can be processed parallel by selecting adequate nodes as new node. Our performance study shows that our method results in significant reduction in data copy time.     

An improved R-tree based on childnode''s probability

R-Tree is a good structure for spatial searching. But in this indexing structure,either the sequence of nodes in the same level or sequence of traveling these nodes when queries are made is random. Since the possibility that the object appears in different MBR which have the same parents node is different, if we make the subnode who has the most possibility be traveled first, the time cost will be decreased in most of the cases. In some case, the possibility of a point belong to a rectangle will shows direct proportion with the size of the rectangle. But this conclusion is based on an assumption that the objects are symmetrically distributing in the area and this assumption is not always coming into existence. Now we found a more direct parameter to scale the possibility and made a little change on the structure of R-tree, to increase the possibility of founding the satisfying answer in the front sub trees. We names this structure probability based arranged R-tree (PBAR-tree).     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Integrating GIS Web services based on mediating architecture

The geographic information service is enabled by the advancements in general Web service technology and the focused efforts of the OGC in defining XML-based Web GIS service. Based on these models, this paper addresses the issue of services chaining,the process of combining or pipelining results from several interoperable GIS Web Services to create a customized solution. This paper presents a mediated chaining architecture in which a specific service takes responsibility for performing the process that describes a service chain. We designed the Spatial Information Process Language (SIPL) for dynamic modeling and describing the service chain, also a prototype of the Spatial Information Process Execution Engine (SIPEE) is implemented for executing processes written in SIPL. Discussion of measures to improve the functionality and performance of such system will be included.