盐度对桐花树幼苗根茎叶膜保护系统的影响

研究了红树植物桐花树幼苗根茎叶各器官在不同盐分处理下，蛋白质含量、超氧化物歧化酶、过氧化物酶和过氧化氢酶及膜脂质过氧化作用的变化情况。结果表明：随着盐分的增加，叶和根的蛋白质含量均有所下降，而茎的蛋白质含量则有所升高。各器官膜脂质过氧化作用随盐度增加都有增加．过氧化物酶和过氧化氢酶活性随盐度增加则有微弱下降或基本保持稳定，而超氧化物歧化酶活性则表现出较为明显的下降趋势，讨论了桐花树幼苗在盐度存在情况下膜脂质过氧化作用和膜保护酶系统的关系。     

培养盐度对海莲和木榄幼苗膜保护系统的影响

研究两种红树植物海莲和木榄幼苗叶片在不同培养盐分处理下,蛋白质含量、超氧化物歧化酶及膜脂质过氧化作用的变化情况．结果表明：随着盐分的增加,幼叶的蛋白质含量在总体上呈下降的趋势,海莲从对照的２．２ｍｇ／ｇＦＷ下降到３０‰盐度时的０．８ｍｇ／ＦＷ,木榄的蛋白质变化则较为复杂．具有膜保护作用的超氧化物歧化酶活性在总体上则逐步随盐度增加而增加,海莲幼叶的ＳＯＤ活性从对照的３１个活性单位／ｍｇＰｒ上升到３０‰盐度的９５个活性单位／ｍｇＰｒ,木榄的ＳＯＤ活性升高则更为明显．与ＳＯＤ变化相反,膜脂质过氧化作用随盐度升高则表现出较为明显的下降趋势（木榄）和在低盐度下降,高盐度上升的变化（海莲）．讨论了海莲和木榄幼叶在不同盐度条件下膜脂质过氧化作用和膜保护酶系统的关系,表明脂质过氧化作用和ＳＯＤ保护作用是盐胁迫的主要过程,可作为红树植物耐盐性的参数．     

盐度对白骨壤和秋茄幼苗叶细胞质膜硝酸还原酶活性的影响

以两相分配法从红树植物白骨壤和秋茄幼苗叶中提取的高纯度质膜囊泡为材料，鉴定出质膜硝酸还原酶（NR）的存在，白骨壤幼苗叶质膜NR与胞质NR比较活性较低，但二者均与反应体系NaCl浓度有关；白骨壤和秋茄幼苗叶细胞质膜NR活性也受培养液盐度的影响；在一定盐度范围内（白骨壤0‰-30‰；秋茄0‰-20‰）NR活性随盐度增高而增强，白骨壤在30‰盐度时活性达到最高，比对照高89.5%，秋茄在20‰盐度对NR活性比对照增强192％。当盐度更高时，NR活性下降。表明：两种红树植物对NO3^-的吸收和利用均受培养盐度的影响，秋茄对盐度的反应较白骨壤敏感。     

盐度对秋茄幼苗的生长和水分代谢的效应

探讨了不同盐度海水砂培 45～47 d的秋茄幼苗的生长特性和水分代谢状况。结果表明:5～10‰的低盐度对高度生长以及5～15‰的低盐度对根、茎、叶和总生物量具有正刺激效应;高盐度(20‰以上)起抑制作用。随着盐度的提高,叶片变小,根/苗、根/叶生物量率曲线呈上升(盐度 0～5‰)至平缓(盐度 5～15‰)到上升(盐度 20～25‰)至陡升(盐度 25～35‰)趋势。盐度的提高,叶片水势、蒸腾速率、气孔导度降低而扩散阻力提高。最适生长的盐度在5～15‰之间;更高的盐度虽可生长,但已受胁迫,表现为生态抗盐适应性。     

白骨壤对关键环境因子的生态响应研究进展

白骨壤（犃狏犻犮犲狀狀犻犪犿犪狉犻狀犪）是红树林生态系统的先锋植物.为适应低温、高盐、淹水、土壤缺氧和潮水冲击等诸多不良因子的影响,白骨壤已特化出一套适应机制：包括形态结构、水分、光合作用、蒸腾作用、气孔导度、生物量和生长等.本文综述了白骨壤对低温、盐度、土壤、潮水浸淹、风浪作用等环境因子的生态响应,指出白骨壤作为先锋树种和乡土树种,对环境具有较强的耐受性和适应性并能有效保护生态安全,可作为红树林造林优先选择的树种,应深入研究其与各环境因子的生态响应机制,为红树林造林地选择及生态修复提供科学依据.     

萘胁迫对白骨壤种苗萌生及抗氧化作用的影响

采用砂基栽培．研究污染物多环芳烃萘(Nap)不同暴污强度(0、20、40、60、80、100mg／L)和暴污时间的环境胁迫下．对红树植物白骨壤(Auicennza marina)幼苗萌发初期的萌生及子叶超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化物酶(POD)活性和膜脂质过氧化作用的影响．结果表明：Nap污染胁迫对红树白骨壤幼苗的萌生．随着暴污强度和暴污时间的增加而影响愈加明显；幼苗萌发初期抗Nap胁迫生长的浓度范围在40mg/L以下．在暴污的较短时间内．幼苗子叶SOD活性有着积极的响应；随着暴污时间的延长．SOD活性则逐步受到抑制．达30d后酶活性略普遍低于对照．受Nap的胁迫．幼苗子叶POD活性提高；POD有效防御Nap胁迫的浓度范围在60mg／L以下．幼苗子叶中抗氧化防御系统．在萌发初期对有效防御膜脂质过氧化的Nap胁迫浓度在60mg／L以下．结果表明．白骨壤幼苗的萌发初期,对Nap污染的环境胁迫有较强的抗性能力.     

广西海岸沙滩红树林的生态研究Ⅰ：海岸沙丘移动及其对白骨壤的危害

广西北海大冠沙红树林为开阔沙滩白骨壤林。为了解沙丘移动的规律及其对红树林的危害，从１９９２年４月到１９９５年７月对一处于发育初期的活跃沙丘进行实地观测。结果表明，３０多年前沙丘才开始在林内发育和移动。沙丘高可达８８ｃｍ，每年移动１２．６４ｍ，在４～７月大潮期移动尤其迅速。沙丘在３．２５年面积扩大了２．４４倍。研究样地白骨壤植株高４９．５～６７．９ｃｍ，８６％的植株因被沙丘埋没而死亡。在埋没过程中存活下来的植株继续受侵蚀、呼吸根上的固着动物和人为活动的危害。沙丘的移动引起白骨壤林的明显退失和生境的分化。     

几种红树植物叶片和胚轴碳氢氮含量

探讨了红树植物秋茄、白骨壤、桐花树、海莲、木榄、红海榄、正红树和角果木的叶片及秋茄、海莲和木榄的胚轴，在生长发育过程中。Ｃ、Ｈ、Ｎ素的含量动态，结果表明：幼叶、成熟叶和黄叶Ｃ、Ｈ、Ｎ素的含量范围：含Ｃ量分别为４１８．４～４９６．５ｍｇ／ｇ、４４２．４～５０１．５ｍｇ／ｇ和４５０．７～５４２．１ｍｇ／ｇ；含Ｈ量分别为５４．Ｏ～６１．８ｍｇ／ｇ、５３．９～６１．４ｍｇ／ｇ和５２．８～６４．１ｍｇ／ｇ；含Ｎ量分别为１１．３～３９．０ｍｇ／ｇ、１０．６～３０．９ｍｇ／ｇ和５．１～１８．６ｍｇ／ｇ，随着叶片的生长、发育至衰老。Ｎ素含量降低，Ｃ、Ｈ含量也发生一定的变化，随着胚轴在母树上萌生至成熟：秋茄、海莲和木榄，含Ｈ量分别提高了１５．７％、１１．３％和１６．７％；而含Ｎ量则分别降低了４４．Ｏ％、１３．７％和４２．８％；含Ｃ量秋茄变化不明显，海莲和木榄则分别略为降低。     

铅对玉米幼苗影响机制的初步研究

通过栽培污灌试验，研究了玉米幼苗铅胁迫下的脂质过氧化、膜系统伤害、叶绿素含量的变化关系．试验结果表明：随铅处理强度的增加，过氧化物酶（ＰＯＤ）活性下降，脂质过氧化作用加强，膜透性增加，细胞内的电解质大量外渗，叶绿素含量下降．由此初步地揭示了铅对玉米幼苗危害与自由基代谢平衡的关系．     

水杨酸对温度胁迫下紫御谷幼苗生长及光合特性的影响

以紫御谷为材料,研究了水杨酸对温度胁迫(高温和低温)下紫御谷幼苗生长及光合特性的影响,结果表明:①高温和低温胁迫显著降低了紫御谷幼苗的根冠比、根系活力、总根长和平均根直径,使根系生长受到抑制,而水杨酸处理则提高了其根冠比、根鲜物质量、茎鲜物质量和根系活力;②高温胁迫显著降低了紫御谷叶片的叶绿素a、总叶绿素质量分数和净光合速率,而水杨酸处理显著提高了紫御谷叶片的净光合速率.低温胁迫使紫御谷幼苗叶片的净光合速率、气孔导度和蒸腾速率均显著低于常温对照,而水杨酸处理后,叶片的净光合速率、气孔导度和蒸腾速率均有所升高.③高温胁迫下,紫御谷幼苗的初始荧光(Fo)、光化学量子效率(Fv/Fm)和光下PSⅡ实际光化学效率(ΦPSⅡ)与常温对照相比差异不显著,而低温胁迫下的Fv/F和ΦPSⅡ则显著低于常温对照,喷施水杨酸后Fv/Fm和ΦPSⅡ均低于低温处理组,且Fv/Fm差异显著,由此推断低温胁迫可能使PSⅡ反应中心受到不可逆的损害.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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An on-line scaling method for improving scalability of a database cluster

The explosive growth of the Internet and database applications has driven database to be more scalable and available, and able to support on-line scaling without interrupting service. To support more client's queries without downtime and degrading the response time, more nodes have to be scaled up while the database is running. This paper presents the overview of scalable and available database that satisfies the above characteristics. And we propose a novel on-line scaling method. Our method improves the existing on-line scaling method for fast response time and higher throughputs. Our proposed method reduces unnecessary network use, i.e. , we decrease the number of data copy by reusing the backup data. Also, our on-line scaling operation can be processed parallel by selecting adequate nodes as new node. Our performance study shows that our method results in significant reduction in data copy time.     

An improved R-tree based on childnode''s probability

R-Tree is a good structure for spatial searching. But in this indexing structure,either the sequence of nodes in the same level or sequence of traveling these nodes when queries are made is random. Since the possibility that the object appears in different MBR which have the same parents node is different, if we make the subnode who has the most possibility be traveled first, the time cost will be decreased in most of the cases. In some case, the possibility of a point belong to a rectangle will shows direct proportion with the size of the rectangle. But this conclusion is based on an assumption that the objects are symmetrically distributing in the area and this assumption is not always coming into existence. Now we found a more direct parameter to scale the possibility and made a little change on the structure of R-tree, to increase the possibility of founding the satisfying answer in the front sub trees. We names this structure probability based arranged R-tree (PBAR-tree).     

Integrating GIS Web services based on mediating architecture

The geographic information service is enabled by the advancements in general Web service technology and the focused efforts of the OGC in defining XML-based Web GIS service. Based on these models, this paper addresses the issue of services chaining,the process of combining or pipelining results from several interoperable GIS Web Services to create a customized solution. This paper presents a mediated chaining architecture in which a specific service takes responsibility for performing the process that describes a service chain. We designed the Spatial Information Process Language (SIPL) for dynamic modeling and describing the service chain, also a prototype of the Spatial Information Process Execution Engine (SIPEE) is implemented for executing processes written in SIPL. Discussion of measures to improve the functionality and performance of such system will be included.