晋商大院历史文化积淀

晋商是中国明清时代富有传奇色彩的商帮,他们不仅缔造了辉煌的商业帝国,而且创造了深邃的晋商文化和精神。在拥有富可敌国的巨大资财后,这些晋商回归故里修筑的深宅大院就成为他们财富与地位的象征,更多地凝聚了丰富的历史文化内涵——建筑形态典型化、意识形态儒学化、宗法观念形象化、社会思想传统化。晋商大院深处积淀的厚重历史文化值得我们探寻与思索。     

晋商大院历史文化积淀

晋商是中国明清时代富有传奇色彩的商帮,他们不仅缔造了辉煌的商业帝国,而且创造了深邃的晋商文化和精神。在拥有富可敌国的巨大资财后,这些晋商回归故里修筑的深宅大院就成为他们财富与地位的象征,更多地凝聚了丰富的历史文化内涵——建筑形态典型化、意识形态儒学化、宗法观念形象化、社会思想传统化。晋商大院深处积淀的厚重历史文化值得我们探寻与思索。     

晋商衰败原因新探

晋商的衰败是我国经济史上一个值得关注和研究的现象.活跃于商界500多年的晋商,在清末民初很快走上衰败,究其原因主要在于晚清国势衰微,社会动荡不安,战事不断,加之外国资本的挤压,损失惨重.主观上晋商的封建性和保守性使之未能融入中国近代化进程,没能抓住机遇改组为近代企业,加之生活腐化、贪图享乐、争名夺利,加剧了晋商的衰败.     

晋商信用体系解读

创造几百年商业神话的晋商，吸取了几千年中国文化的精髓，组织间和组织内部建立了一套完整的信用体系。晋商组织的标期和账期制度以及晋商员工的同人担保制的信用机制对我国社会信用体系的建设具有重要的借鉴价值。     

以中国传统诚信观审视晋商诚信

中国传统诚信观形成的经济基础是自给自足的封建小农经济，且深受儒家思想的影响，有着自身鲜明的特点。晋商精神最重要的就是诚实守信。晋商的诚信是基于经济利益和社会利益的目标下，对中国传统诚信观的继承和认可。     

晋商信用体系解读

创造几百年商业神话的晋商,吸取了几千年中国文化的精髓,组织间和组织内部建立了一套完整的信用体系。晋商组织的标期和账期制度以及晋商员工的同人担保制的信用机制对我国社会信用体系的建设具有重要的借鉴价值。     

从地方志看明清时期中小晋商的民间慈善活动

明清时期晋中地区的广大中小商人积极支持和捐助民间慈善事业，从与他们有血缘关系的宗族亲人，有地缘关系的乡村社区的邻里，再到超出血缘与地缘的朋友古旧，最后到异地经商的陌路之人都是这些中小晋商的慈善网下的受益者。这些行为不仅体现了广大的下层晋商乐善好施的美德，而且使中小晋商与社会之间形成了良性互动。     

重塑诚信——考晋商经营之法宝

在我国商界历史中,晋商位居十大商帮之首,一度执世界金融之牛耳,俗称"有麻雀的地方就有晋商"。纵观晋商五百年的辉煌业绩,晋商成功的因素和经验不少,而尤以"诚信"称著天下。"诚信"不仅是晋商贯穿商业活动的信守原则,也是晋商之魂的内在本质,更是晋商成功的法宝。晋商的诚信经营理念对于今天市场经济条件下的商业经营仍有很大的借鉴意义。     

"三言二拍"中的苏州徽州商人与明清时晋商之比较

＂三言二拍＂作为中国文学史上著名的市民文学代表,首次大量描写了中国的商人形象,尤其是苏州商人和徽州商人的形象。然而,明清时还有一支更为引人注目的商帮,那便是晋商,＂三言二拍＂中虽然很少提到晋商,但是在当时的历史环境下,晋商却是十分兴盛。＂三言二拍＂中的苏州、徽州商人和明清时的晋商产生于相同的社会历史背景之下,都是商品经济发展到一定程度的产物,有许多相同的地方,但是也存在一些明显的不同之处,这些不同是由他们各自所处地域及经商传统的不同而形成的。     

晋商伦理的现代意义

晋商在长期发展过程中形成的商业伦理文化曾在其兴起发展中发挥了重要的作用。虽然晋商伦理作为封建小农社会的产物具有一定的历史局限性,但其要义精髓对于市场经济依然具有适用性和可借鉴性。针对当前我国市场经济建设中信用缺失、道德失范严重的问题,关注并研究晋商伦理便具有了积极的现实意义。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…