应急系统调度问题的模糊规划方法

应急系统调度问题通常仅把“应急时间最短”作为系统的优化目标，易导致出救点数目较大的情况，无论从系统的稳定可靠性还是费用考虑，这种提发生是极其不利的，针对这一特点，提出了基于“时间最短”，“出救点数目最少”的多目标数学模型，考虑决策者偏好的模糊性，本文采用模糊规划的思想方法处理该问题，并给出了相应的求解算法，算例及实际运用令人满意。     

模糊环境下应急系统多目标调度问题求解

为研究突发事件发生后的应急资源调度问题,考虑应急救援系统中应急时间呈不确定性的特征,采用模糊数来描述出救点到受灾点的出救所需时间,以最小化最大应急时间和出救点最少作为优化目标,构建模糊环境下具有多种资源和多个出救点的应急资源调度模型。基于该问题的指数复杂度,提出了基于Pareto的模拟退火算法(Pareto Simulated Annealing,PSA)对该多目标问题模型进行求解。最后,通过仿真算例验证了模型的合理性以及所提算法的有效性。     

模糊环境下多出救点应急救援车辆路径与物资运输优化研究

为研究灾害发生后应急救援车辆的运输路径和救援物资的运输问题,考虑受灾点对救援物资的需求量为模糊变量,将多出救点到多个受灾点的应急救援运输优化问题视为两阶段决策问题.第1阶段建立救援车辆的路径优化模型,实现运输时间最短;在满足第1阶段最优的情况下,第2阶段建立模糊线性规划模型,在运输成本最小前提下,确定出救点与受灾点之间的救援物资调运以及受灾点与受灾点之间救援物资的转运量.最后,利用具体算例来验证该模型的有效性.     

灾害链中多资源应急调度模型与算法

灾害事故的应急资源调度是减少生命财产损失的有效手段.针对灾害链中多资源应急调度问题, 建立了多资源多受灾点应急调度模型,设计了基于图论中网络优化和线性规划优化思想的启发式算法,并分析了算法复杂性.该算法根据应急资源在原生灾害和次生灾害中的需求对资源进行分类,对灾害链中都需要的公共应急资源, 通过对模型线性松弛解的修正,降低问题的复杂性, 减少算法的计算时间;而对原生或次生灾害中需要的应急资源, 运用领域搜索方法寻找出救点,得到满意的资源调度方案. 最后通过算例验证了算法的有效性和可行性,表明算法适合较大规模的计算, 并能满足应用中的实时性要求.     

基于联系数的多资源应急系统调度问题

针对多资源连续消耗应急系统调度问题中出救点到应急地点的时间不确定性 ,采用集对分析中的联系数概念进行描述和求解 ,并定义了联系数的序关系的概念 .给出了基于联系数的多资源连续消耗应急系统的应急时间最早的模型和算法 .数值算例表明了算法的有效性和实用性 .     

基于粒子群算法的连续性消耗应急资源调度

以连续性消耗应急过程为背景,运用粒子群算法求解多目标的应急资源调度数学模型.由实际的应用环境,考虑每个出救点应急资源的起始运输量,以应急系统施救成本费用和因施救不及时造成损失的双重角度构造模型的目标函数.针对该模型的特点,设计粒子群算法求解方法和步骤,实现了一步求解.并且讨论了不同参数组合对粒子群算法求解效率的影响.数值算例验证了所建立模型的合理性及其粒子群算法的可行性和有效性.     

面向应急物资调度的一种模糊规划模型

灾害救援问题具有信息缺失、数据难以收集与整理的特点.为了科学、合理地进行救援物资的调度,考虑在满足处置应急需求时,从总体上最大限度地降低处置应急物资运输调度的费用和时间.在现有研究成果的基础上,引入了模糊评价方法,建立多出救点、多受灾地的多目标模糊规划模型.模型采用加权语言标签空间描述救援地到受灾地可能发生的费用与时间,考虑决策者对风险的偏好建立无差异函数,将其转化成决策者的效用作为目标值,给出相关算法,确定为每一个应急需求点提供应急物资的供应点以及相应的供应量.最后,给出算例证明其可行性.     

非线性连续消耗应急物资调度问题研究

构建了多应急点、多出救点和多阶段的应急物资调度模型,以最小化调度总费用和最大化应急点满意度为优化目标.以物资缺失损失系数和应急点满意度系数引入需求紧迫度到模型中,在优先供给需求紧迫度较高的应急点的同时,确保其他应急点的物资缺失损失是可接受的.设计一种结合改进粒子群算法和非梯度侧步爬山搜索机制的混合多目标粒子群算法(IMPSO HCS).实现多目标优化问题求解.通过仿真对比实验验证了上述模型的合理性与算法的有效性.仿真结果表明,该模型与算法在实现应急点满意度与应急物资调度费用两个目标协同的同时,获得了较高的满意度与较低的应急物资调度费用.     

考虑“安全-时间”的自然灾害多地点应急救援路线优化

研究有多个地点受灾等待接受救援的应急救援路线规划问题。针对可同时派出多组救援人员,且有固定救援出救点和救灾补给点的情况,建立了综合考虑安全风险和时间花费的救援路线优化模型。基于进化多目标优化思想,设计了求解模型的遗传算法。提出的交叉和变异算子确保算法迭代过程中得到的路径始终是可行的,回路清除算法清除所有非有益回路,精英保留策略在各代Pareto最优解中优中选优。实验证明该算法有较好的运行结果和效率。综上,本文提出了路网具有安全风险和时间花费两个属性的多受灾地点多救援队伍应急救援路线优化问题,并设计了相应的求解算法。     

震后应急物流系统中的定位-路径问题

为尽可能降低地震灾害造成的损失和危害,应急物资必须在震后最短的时间内供应到各个救灾点。从系统整体优化的角度,研究震后应急物流系统中的定位-路径问题,同时综合考虑了震后应急物流系统的特性,以应急物资总运达时间与系统总成本最小为目标,构建了一个震后应急物流系统中的多目标定位-路径优化模型,并设计了一种混合启发式算法予以求解。通过算例验证了本文方法的可行性与有效性。     

The 12th International Conference on Service Systems and Service Management ICSSSM'15

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Enterprise resource planning implementation decision & optimization models

To study the uncertain optimization problems on implementation schedule, time-cost trade-off and quality in enterprise resource planning (ERP) implementation, combined with program evaluation and review technique (PERT), some optimization models are proposed, which include the implementation schedule model, the timecost trade-off model, the quality model, and the implementation time-cost-quality synthetic optimization model. A PERT-embedded genetic algorithm (GA) based on stochastic simulation technique is introduced to the optimization models solution. Finally, an example is presented to show that the models and algorithm are reasonable and effective, which can offer a reliable quantitative decision method for ERP implementation.     

A calculus for services innovation

Innovation in the services area - especially in the electronic services （e-services） domain - can be systematically developed by first considering the strategic drivers and foci, then the tactical principles and enablers, and finally the operational decision attributes, all of which constitute a process or calculus of services innovation. More specifically, there are four customer drivers （i.e., collaboration, customization, integration and adaptation）, three business foci （i.e., creation-focused, solution-focused and competition-focused）, six business principles （i.e., reconstruct market boundaries, focus on the big picture not numbers, reach beyond existing demand, get strategic sequence right, overcome organizational hurdles and build execution into strategy）, eight technical enablers （i.e., software algorithms, automation, telecommunication, collaboration, standardization, customization, organization, and globalization）, and six attributes of decision informatics （i.e., decision-driven, information-based, real-time, continuously-adaptive, customer-centric and computationally-intensive）. It should be noted that the four customer drivers are all directed at empowering the individual - that is, at recognizing that the individual can, respectively, contribute in a collaborative situation, receive customized or personalized attention, access an integrated system or process, and obtain adaptive real-time or just-in-time input. The developed process or calculus serves to identify the potential white spaces or blue oceans for innovation. In addition to expanding on current innovations in services and related experiences, white spaces are identified for possible future innovations; they include those that can mitigate the unforeseen consequences or abuses of earlier innovations, safeguard our rights to privacy, protect us from the always-on, interconnected world, provide us with an authoritative search engine, and generate a GDP metric that can adequately measure the growing knowledge economy,     

THE 8~(th) INTERNATIONAL CONGRESS ON INDUSTRIAL AND APPLIED MATHEMATICS

正August 10-14,2015Beijing,China The International Congress on Industrial and Applied Mathematics(IClAM)is the premier international congress in the field ofapplied mathematics held every four years under the auspices ofthe International Council for Industrial and Applied Mathematics.From August 10 to 14,2015,mathematicians,scientists and entrepreneurs fiom around the world will gather in Beijing,China for the 8th IClAM to be held at     

论生物系统中的功能不守恒性

根据能量守恒定律，能量一次转换所做的总功应等于输入的总能量。但在生物系统中，能量的转换是多次的，其总功之和大于系统输入的总能量，此现象称之为功能不守恒性。能量转换效率越高，功能差别越大。能量通过细胞水平的多次转换，总功可提高至2倍左右。能量通过生态系统水平多次转换，总功可提高至1．4倍左右。通过系统内各子系统能流之和称为序能，反映了系统有序性大小，它取决于系统输入总能量和能量转换效率。根据序能原理，用GDP^2／9(GDP为国内生产总值，Q为能量总输入)反映人类社会功能和效率，要比单纯用GDP更客观。绿色GDP应同时考虑使GDP^2／Q增长最大和使自然生态系统的序能最大。人的经济行为和动物的行为对策也符合序能原理。     

Dealing with Human Relations in Chinese Systems Practice

This paper is about the Wuli, Shili, Renli (WSR) systems methodology. An important concept within this, Renli, has been developed from Confucian philosophy to clarify to Chinese researchers the necessity of dealing with human relations in systems practice. At present, the only formal means of operationalizing Renli that people are exploring in China is to import from the West methods for organizing debate. However, the concept of Renli suggests that more is needed than methods alone. In particular, facilitation skills are required. It is argued that the development of facilitation skills can be enhanced if researchers can gain both theoretical and practical knowledge of group dynamics, and engage in activities of self-reflection to look at, and alter, their own roles in these dynamics and the wider sociopolitical system. There are therefore three aspects to Renli: the use of systems methods for organizing debate, the acquisition of facilitation skills, and self-reflection geared toward the development of facilitation skills and enhanced critical awareness of the politics of intervention.     

云环境中邮件服务器面向传输的优化设计

随着云计算的发展,新的应用不断涌现,但电子邮件服务依然占有着重要的地位.邮件服务器是一种I/O密集的应用.在云计算时代,越来越多的用户邮件保存在服务器端,邮件在从客户端传输到服务器端之前,邮件或者邮件的部分内容在服务器端可能已经存在.基于这种现象,提出了一种方案,通过引入计算的代价来降低通信量,从而提高邮件服务器的处理能力.对电子邮件的格式和SMTP协议进行了扩充,引入了附件和正文分离传输的模式.在邮件传输时,客户端先计算附件的散列值,并作为正文的一部分传输到服务器端,服务器端再根据散列值来判断附件是否需要传输.     

金工工艺的优化设计

运用价值工程与运筹工程理论, 在金工工艺单项设计指标优化的基础上, 对其设计指标也进行了全面优化。     

THE 8~(th) INTERNATIONAL CONGRESS ON INDUSTRIAL AND APPLIED MATHEMATICS

正August 10-14,2015Beijing,ChinaThe International Congress on Industrial and Applied Mathematics(ICIAM)is the premier international congress in the field of applied mathematics held every four years under the auspices of the International Council for Industrial and Applied Mathematics.From August 10 to 14,2015,mathematicians,scientists