聚合物的结构转变和软模

测量了聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯的微分时域介电谱．在它的低温β转变中快极化不出现奇异，但３个慢极化机构出现抛物型软化     

非极性介质的冷冻介电谱

基于热平衡态的冷冻介电谱可提供慢极化响应过程的能谱信息，用此方法研究了苯和石 慢极化响应过程，发现在接近各处在的高温极化温度前谱线均发生分裂，研究石蜡的两个冷冻放电过程中束缚电荷引起的活化能与温度的关系，发现温度增加，石蜡的束缚电荷能级势垒降低，极化成份增加，量增大，慢极化电荷对两种冷冻方法表现出没的温度关系。     

聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯的冷冻介电谱

用冷冻介电谱方法将聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯在液氮温度下冷冻下来的驻极体效应的不同微观机构分开，得到１个快极化和３个偶极取向慢极化成份．     

聚合物的时域介电谱

在１０４至１０－５Ｈｚ频段，聚合物的介电谱只能用时域参数描述．介质的极化响应可描述为Ａεｓｅｘｐ［－（ｔ／τ）类型的若干个项之和．实验证明在随机驰豫中α＝１，在自由驰豫中则α＝１／２．在低频段用频域方法测量εｓ时．样品中的慢响应极化机构的贡献表现为吸收电流；它使得εｓ没有确定值，时域参数是十分灵敏的方法，它可以检测出对εｓ的贡献只有１０－４的微量极化机构．对于同一种聚合物、慢极化响应的成份决定于材料的加工工艺和添加物．     

聚合物极化的非马尔可夫过程

聚合物极化是典型的非马尔可夫过程，其中存在极化强度等于零而与温度或时间均无关的原始态．由此以后经历的过程，只要温度不太高而电场不太强，体系的热平衡极化性质确定并和弱场有线性关系而同以前的历史无关，但必须计及由原始态起的全过程的记忆效应．聚合物的动态极化性质，只能在全过程中以经历过的不同热平衡态隔开的每个片段中分别研究，不同片段的动态过程可以有完全不同的规律．给出了研究非马尔可夫过程的实验和理论方法实例     

汽油中杂质的慢介电谱

石油产物中含有微量杂质时频域介电谱无法觉察，但会引起显著的慢介电谱．时域方法可检测出汽油中１０ｍｇ／ｋｇ的杂质硫和氧     

PZN基陶瓷超低频介电弛豫的研究

采用线变零起始电压法，对Ｐｂ（Ｚｎ１／３Ｎｂ２／３）Ｏ３基陶瓷样品在－１５０～１６０℃温度范围内的超慢介电弛豫进行了详细测试；并结合普适型弛豫函数进行了实验数据的有效拟合，实现了介电常数从时域向频域的傅利叶转换，从而得到该样品的超低频（１０－５～１０－１Ｈｚ）介电频谱、温谱．观察到该样品的超低频介电温谱在居里温度点１１０℃附近存在扩散相变温区，并且在相变温区以下表现出明显的弛豫弥散现象、用热刺激电流（ＴＳＣ）得到样品的弛豫激活能Ｅ和本征驰豫时间τ０，并对其弛豫极化机制进行了讨论．     

电流变活性的若干判据

给出了一个简化模型描述载流子在电流变液中的输运 .颗粒极化可分为两部分 ,慢极化分量由载流子的受阻输运所致 ;快极化分量是载流子所在介电背景的极化 .在切变场中 ,一个强的电流变强度要求强而相对稳定的颗粒相互作用 .大的极化强度确保相互作用强度 ,合适的极化速率和介电损耗以保证颗粒相互作用的相对稳定性 .根据计算结果并考虑到切变场对介电响应的影响 ,这里给出一个半经验电流变活性判据 :对于ω <10 3s-1,ωτ >10 -4 ,存在 1相似文献   

钛酸锶钡的极性相变和介电谱

从不同含锶量的Ｂａ１－ｘＳｒｘＴｉＯ３陶瓷的频域介电谱测量结果看出,德拜偶极取向极化理论不适用于Ｂａ１－ｘＳｒｘＴｉＯ３陶瓷．结合Ｂａ１－ｘＳｒｘＴｉＯ３的时域介电谱分析可知,频域Ｃｈ偏离了严格定义的快Ｃ１是由慢极化对频域测量的干扰所引起的     

电位极化方式对奥氏体不锈钢应力腐蚀开裂敏感性的影响

在慢应变速率拉伸过程中通过施加循环电位扫描及电位阶跃等不同的电位极化方式，研究了奥氏体不锈钢在酸性氯化物溶液中的应力腐蚀开裂敏感性，并利用ＳＥＭ技术观察了断口形貌．结果表明，电位扫描速度和电位阶跃频率对裂纹萌生扩展起决定作用．相同电位范围内，电位阶跃比电位扫描导致更高的材料断裂敏感性．     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to