自旋相关耦合双量子点的非平衡输运特性

采用K e ldysh非平衡格林函数方法,研究了电子通过耦合双量子点的自旋极化输运特性.我们考虑量子点中的电子电子相互作用,在H artree-Fock近似下给出自旋分离流的普遍表达式.数值结果显示:随着偏压的增加,不同自旋取向的电子所占居的等效能级相继进入偏压窗口,自旋极化流振荡,电荷流持续增加.这些变化特性可以很好的用自旋相关的共振隧穿理论给予解释.     

GaAs导带中电子自旋极化的能量演化

考虑自旋极化依赖的带隙重整化效应,分别计算了常温与10 K的低温下GaAs导带中光注入电子自旋极化度的能量演化。计算过程中假设右旋圆偏振光激发,载流子浓度为2×1017 cm-3。发现常温下电子初始自旋极化度随过超能量的增大而增大,并非为通常认为的0.5。而在低温下,导带底附近电子初始自旋极化度几乎为0,电子初始自旋极化度也随过超能量的增大而增大,高能级上可以获得100%的电子初始自旋极化度。     

人造双原子分子的自旋极化电子输运

利用非平衡格林函数方法研究了Aharonov-Bohm环中人造双原子分子的自旋极化电子输运性质.计算了量子点中自旋相关的占有数、自旋积累以及系统总电导和自旋极化率.发现两电极之间的耦合强度以及量子点之间的耦合强度对系统自旋相关输运性质以及总的电导有重要影响.     

HERMES上深度非弹过程中纵向自旋转移的处理方法

为了得到HERMES(德国DESY实验室)实验装置上的深度非弹散射过程中产生的A粒子的极化信息,探知核子中夸克自旋的分布及转移,建立了一种能消除对该分析结果有很大影响的接收度的不均匀性的新方法,即归一法;此外,对由匹兹堡组新提出的螺旋度平衡法作了改进并加以论证.并将两种新方法与依赖模拟的蒙特卡洛方法螺旋度平衡法作了比较.     

基于MgO:PPLN的高功率2μm光参量振荡器

采用1m激光泵浦周期性极化掺镁铌酸锂晶体光参量振荡器（MgO:PPLN OPO）,实现了高功率2m近红外激光输出.采用Nd:YVO4激光器产生的1m激光泵浦MgO:PPLN OPO,在泵浦功率为7.2W时,获得了5.3W的2m激光输出,转换效率为74％.为进一步获得更高功率的红外激光输出,泵浦源改用Nd:YAG激光器,并对其进行优化设计,提高了Nd:YAG激光器的输出功率和光束质量,用其泵浦MgO:PPLN OPO,在泵浦功率为25W时,获得了9.5W的2m激光输出.     

钛宝石激光端面泵浦钕掺杂钒酸钇薄片激光器

报道了采用σ偏振钛宝石激光端面泵浦ａ切割掺钕钒酸钇薄片激光器中的偏振热透镜补偿特性研究，在常温下获得２ｍＷ低阈值、大于５０％的高光－光转换效率的连续基横模运转，在８８０ｍＷ注入泵浦功率下，输出４４０ｍＷ的ＴＥＭ００模激光．同时，研究了随着泵浦功率的增加，激光的纵模演化特性．结果表明，以σ偏振泵浦时，π偏振的１．０６４μｍ激光功率相对波动度小于１％．     

OPFIRL中超喇曼过程的电偶极跃迁增强效应

利用超喇曼过程,可以获得在一定范围内频率准连续可调的亚毫米波激光;证实在红外—微波双光子泵浦亚毫米波激光的超喇曼过程中存在电偶极跃迁增强效应,利用这种效应,有可能提高超喇曼激光器的效率。     

基于MgO掺杂LiNbO_3的高功率2μm光参量振荡器

采用1μm激光泵浦周期性极化掺镁铌酸锂晶体光参量振荡器(Mg O:PPLN OPO),实现了高功率2μm近红外激光输出.利用Nd:YVO_4激光器产生的1μm激光泵浦Mg O:PPLN OPO,在泵浦功率为7.2 W时,获得了5.3 W的2μm激光输出,转换效率为74%.泵浦源改用Nd:YAG激光器,并对其进行优化设计,提高了Nd:YAG激光器的输出功率和光束质量,用其泵浦MgO:PPLN OPO,在泵浦功率为25 W时,获得了9.5 W的2μm激光输出.     

激光棒的负透镜效应及其腔型补偿法

提出几种计算和测量激光棒负透镜等效焦距的方法。估算了在单次泵浦情况下由于激光棒内温升不均匀造成的热透镜效应。用等效薄透镜方法计算了这两种透镜效应的综合效应。根据此种综合效应设计出不同的激光腔型和共振腔参数做激光实验，使激光效率提高３￣５倍，发散度减小。     

铁磁/有机系统的自旋扩散漂移性质研究

基于自旋扩散漂移方程和欧姆定律,理论研究了电场对铁磁/有机半导体界面的电流自旋极化性质的影响.考虑到有机半导体内特殊的载流子以及电场对其自旋扩散长度的影响,计算了界面处的电流自旋极化率.结果表明,高电场可以使界面处的电流自旋极化率得到有效提高.同时还进一步研究了电场下有机半导体中极化子比率、自旋相关界面电阻等因素对电流自旋极化的影响.     

Optical detection of liquid-state NMR

Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) in liquids and solids is primarily detected by recording the net dipolar magnetic field outside the spin-polarized sample. But the recorded bulk magnetic field itself provides only limited spatial or structural information about the sample. Most NMR applications rely therefore on more elaborate techniques such as magnetic field gradient encoding or spin correlation spectroscopy, which enable spatially resolved imaging and molecular structure analysis, respectively. Here we demonstrate a fundamentally different and intrinsically information-richer modality of detecting NMR, based on the rotation of the polarization of a laser beam by the nuclear spins in a liquid sample. Optical NMR detection has in fact a long history in atomic vapours with narrow resonance lines, but has so far only been applied to highly specialized condensed matter systems such as quantum dots. It has been predicted that laser illumination can shift NMR frequencies and thus aid detection, but the effect is very small and has never been observed. In contrast, our measurements on water and liquid 129Xe show that the complementary effect-the rotation of light polarization by nuclear spins-is readily measurable, and that it is enhanced dramatically in samples containing heavy nuclei. This approach to optical NMR detection should allow correlated optical and NMR spectroscopy on complex molecules, and continuous two-dimensional imaging of nuclear magnetization with spatial resolution limited only by light diffraction.     

Early differentiation and volatile accretion recorded in deep-mantle neon and xenon

The isotopes (129)Xe, produced from the radioactive decay of extinct (129)I, and (136)Xe, produced from extinct (244)Pu and extant (238)U, have provided important constraints on early mantle outgassing and volatile loss from Earth. The low ratios of radiogenic to non-radiogenic xenon ((129)Xe/(130)Xe) in ocean island basalts (OIBs) compared with mid-ocean-ridge basalts (MORBs) have been used as evidence for the existence of a relatively undegassed primitive deep-mantle reservoir. However, the low (129)Xe/(130)Xe ratios in OIBs have also been attributed to mixing between subducted atmospheric Xe and MORB Xe, which obviates the need for a less degassed deep-mantle reservoir. Here I present new noble gas (He, Ne, Ar, Xe) measurements from an Icelandic OIB that reveal differences in elemental abundances and (20)Ne/(22)Ne ratios between the Iceland mantle plume and the MORB source. These observations show that the lower (129)Xe/(130)Xe ratios in OIBs are due to a lower I/Xe ratio in the OIB mantle source and cannot be explained solely by mixing atmospheric Xe with MORB-type Xe. Because (129)I became extinct about 100 million years after the formation of the Solar System, OIB and MORB mantle sources must have differentiated by 4.45 billion years ago and subsequent mixing must have been limited. The Iceland plume source also has a higher proportion of Pu- to U-derived fission Xe, requiring the plume source to be less degassed than MORBs, a conclusion that is independent of noble gas concentrations and the partitioning behaviour of the noble gases with respect to their radiogenic parents. Overall, these results show that Earth's mantle accreted volatiles from at least two separate sources and that neither the Moon-forming impact nor 4.45 billion years of mantle convection has erased the signature of Earth's heterogeneous accretion and early differentiation.     

Minority spin condensate in the spin-polarized superfluid 3He A1 phase

The magnetic properties of (3)He in its various phases originate from the interactions among the nuclear spins. The spin-polarized 'ferromagnetic' superfluid (3)He A(1) phase (which forms below 3 mK between two transition temperatures, T(c1) and T(c2), in an external magnetic field) serves as a material in which theories of fundamental magnetic processes and macroscopic quantum spin phenomena may be tested. Conventionally, the superfluid component of the A(1) phase is understood to contain only the majority spin condensate, having energetically favoured paired spins directed along the external field and no minority spin condensate having paired spins in the opposite direction. Because of difficulties in satisfying both the ultralow temperature and high magnetic field required to produce a substantial phase space, there exist few studies of spin dynamics phenomena that could be used to test the conventional view of the A(1) phase. Here we develop a mechanical spin density detector that operates in the required regime, enabling us to perform measurements of spin relaxation in the A(1) phase as a function of temperature, pressure and magnetic field. Our mechanical spin detector is based in principle on the magnetic fountain effect; spin-polarized superfluid motion can be induced both magnetically and mechanically, and we demonstrate the feasibility of increasing spin polarization by a mechanical spin filtering process. In the high temperature range of the A(1) phase near T(c1), the measured spin relaxation time is long, as expected. Unexpectedly, the spin relaxation rate increases rapidly as the temperature is decreased towards T(c2). Our measurements, together with Leggett-Takagi theory, demonstrate that a minute presence of minority spin pairs is responsible for this unexpected spin relaxation behaviour. Thus, the long-held conventional view that the A(1) phase contains only the majority spin condensate is inadequate.     

铁磁/有机系统的自旋扩散漂移性质研究王

基于自旋扩散漂移方程和欧姆定律, 理论研究了电场对铁磁/有机半导体界面的电流自旋极化性质的影响. 考虑到有机半导体内特殊的载流子以及电场对其自旋扩散长度的影响, 计算了界面处的电流自旋极化率. 结果表明, 高电场可以使界面处的电流自旋极化率得到有效提高. 同时还进一步研究了电场下有机半导体中极化子比率、自旋相关界面电阻等因素对电流自旋极化的影响.     

Adsorption of Xe in zeolite MCM-22

Adsorption of xenon in zeolite MCM-22, a zeolite containing two separate pore systems，has been investigated in detail by variable temperature (VT) ¹²⁹Xe NMR spectroscopy. NMR results suggest that Xe atoms are preferentially adsorbed in the supercages of the zeolite at low Xe pressure (less than a few atmosphere), while Xe atoms can penetrate into the two-dimensional sinusoidal channels at high Xe pressure. Exchange of xenon at the different adsorption sites in the same supercage, i.e. xenon atoms in the two pockets and those in the central part of the supercage, was confirmed at 145 K by two-dimensional (2D) ¹²⁹Xe NMR exchange spectroscopy. The time scale for the exchange is about several milliseconds.     

晶体CsFeCl_3的自旋极化MS-X_a计算

本文采用自旋极化的MS-X_a方法,在晶体CsFeCl_3的实际的D_3d低对称品场下计算了络离子(FeCl_b)~(4-)的电子结构。给出了单电子本征值和本征函数和自旋极化分裂,用过渡态理论计算了部分光学跃迁和电荷转移跃迁的能量。     

T型有机器件自旋注入效率的提高

考虑到有机半导体中特殊的载流子电荷自旋关系,建立了一个自旋注入有机半导体的简单的T型器件模型,运用自旋扩散理论计算得出了此模型的电流白旋极化率并与铁磁／有机半导体异质结构的注入效率进行了比较．理论计算发现T型模型中通过调节分支电流的大小会使自旋极化率较铁磁／有机半导体模型有明显的提高,并讨论了极化子比率、外加电场、自旋相关界面电阻以及有机半导体电导率等因素对电流自旋极化性质的影响．     

Li—He与Li—Xe相互作用势的研究

利用组合规则计算了Ｌｉ－Ｈｅ与Ｌｉ－Ｘｅ原子体系的Ｂｏｒｎ－Ｍａｙｅｒ短程排斥势参数，采用Ｔａｎｇ－Ｔｏｅｎｎｉｅｓ势模型构成了Ｌｉ原子与Ｈｅ及Ｘｅ原子间的全程势曲线，计算所得的势阱参数与实验值符合较好。     

Magnetic control of ferroelectric polarization

The magnetoelectric effect--the induction of magnetization by means of an electric field and induction of polarization by means of a magnetic field--was first presumed to exist by Pierre Curie, and subsequently attracted a great deal of interest in the 1960s and 1970s (refs 2-4). More recently, related studies on magnetic ferroelectrics have signalled a revival of interest in this phenomenon. From a technological point of view, the mutual control of electric and magnetic properties is an attractive possibility, but the number of candidate materials is limited and the effects are typically too small to be useful in applications. Here we report the discovery of ferroelectricity in a perovskite manganite, TbMnO3, where the effect of spin frustration causes sinusoidal antiferromagnetic ordering. The modulated magnetic structure is accompanied by a magnetoelastically induced lattice modulation, and with the emergence of a spontaneous polarization. In the magnetic ferroelectric TbMnO3, we found gigantic magnetoelectric and magnetocapacitance effects, which can be attributed to switching of the electric polarization induced by magnetic fields. Frustrated spin systems therefore provide a new area to search for magnetoelectric media.