芴基荧光共聚物与芴基磷光共聚物光电性能的比较研究

通过对芴基荧光共聚物(PFO-TPP)和芴基磷光共聚物(PFO-TPP-Pt)的光电特性的比较研究,结果发现PFO-TPP-Pt磷光共聚物相对于母体荧光共聚物PFO-TPP的PL效率低很多,但是磷光聚合物比相应的不含金属的母体荧光共聚物的EL效率却显著提高,PFO-TPP-Pt器件的最大外量子效率为1.95%,相应的发光亮度为8.3 cd/m2和色坐标(C IE1931)为(0.700,0.293),此外,磷光共聚物在EL过程中的能量转移比母体荧光共聚物更完全。     

氟原子对光伏聚合物性能的影响

以二（2-辛基十二烷氧基）苯并二噻吩（ODBDT）为供体单元，分别与受体单元二噻吩苯并噻二唑（DTBT）和二氟代二噻吩苯并噻二唑（DTffBT）共聚，合成了两种具有给-受体（D-A）结构的共轭聚合物PODBDT-DTBT和PODBDT-DTffBT。利用紫外-可见吸收光谱、循环伏安法研究了聚合物的光物理与电化学性能，并通过光伏性能测试研究了氟原子对聚合物太阳能电池的影响规律。结果表明，氟原子的引入使得聚合物的光学带隙变窄，溶解性变差；基于PODBDT-DTBT或PODBDT-DTffBT与PC₇₁BM共混制备的本体异质结太阳能电池，光电转化效率分别为3.01%和2.00%。     

芴基共聚物共混与InGaN基发光二极管杂合的白光发射

利用红光共聚物(PFO-DBT15)和绿光共聚物共混膜作InGaN基蓝光芯片的荧光下转换材料,PFO-DBT15和PFO-BT35是9,9-二辛基芴(DOF)分别与4,7-二噻吩-2,1,3-苯并噻二唑(DBT)和2,1,3-苯并噻唑(BT)无规共聚的芴基共聚物,通过调节PFO-DBT15与PFO-BT35共混比例实现了有效的共轭聚合物/InGaN发光二极管杂合的白光发射. 这种杂合器件在20mA电流驱动下相关色坐标、色温和色散指数分别是(0.34,0.32), 6798 K和85.     

基于三苯胺共轭侧链苯并二噻吩交替环戊二烯宽带隙聚合物的构筑

以苯并[1,2-b:4,5-b′]二噻吩-4,8-二酮、4-溴-4′,4′-二甲氧基三苯胺等为原料,通过Miyaura硼化反应、Stille偶联反应及Suzuki偶联反应设计合成了基于三苯胺共轭侧链苯并二噻吩交替环戊二烯宽带隙聚合物供体材料PBF-EH.通过核磁共振氢谱仪解析各中间产物及目标产物的分子结构,通过紫外-可见吸收光谱表征了聚合物的光物理特性,其最大吸收边缘位于550 nm处,对应光学带隙为2.25 eV.用循环伏安法测定了聚合物分子的能级分布,经表征,聚合物的HOMO能级为-5.07 eV,LUMO能级为-3.43 eV,可与受体材料形成良好的能级匹配.该研究工作为新型宽带隙聚合物供体的设计合成提供了一种简便方法.     

二嵌段共聚物-(PPP)x-(PA)y-的态密度特征

在紧束缚近似的基础上，对均聚物－（PPP）x－（PA）y－以及二嵌段共聚物－（PPP）x－（PA）y－的态密度（DOS）进行了计算分析，发现共聚物的态密度与均聚物地态密度有着显著的区别，共聚物的带隙的大小介于大带隙的－（PPP）x－和小带隙的－（PA）y－之间，在共聚物中与－(PPP)x-的导带和价带的子带隙以有共聚物的导带底和价带顶中，所存在捅态密度只有由－（PA）y－来提供，而在共聚物的价带底和导带顶的能态密度则取决于－（PPP）x－的态密度。     

聚9,9-双(丙酸乙酯基)芴的合成及性能研究

以丙烯腈为烷基化试剂，以工业芴为原料，在温和的条件下合成了9，9—双取代芴单体，并以FeCl3为聚合催化剂，合成了可溶性的聚芴衍生物聚9，9—双(丙酸乙酯基)芴，采用元素分析，Fr—IR，TGA，GPC，UV—Vis和荧光光谱等对单体和聚合物结构和性能进行了表征，实验结果表明：所采用的方法是一种实用的制备9，9—双取代芴的简便方法，所获得的聚合物在溶液和薄膜状态具有强烈的蓝色荧光发射，在相同浓度时溶剂不影响发光波长，而对发光强度有明显的影响，在同一溶剂中，随聚合物浓度减小，发光波长蓝移，聚合物在氮气和空气中具有高热稳定性。     

新型芴-苯乙烯共聚物的合成及其性能

通过Wittig反应制备了两种新型的芴一苯乙烯共聚物p—PF—PPV和o—PF—PPV．单体和共聚物的结构经核磁共振氢谱、质谱、红外光谱测试技术确证．凝胶渗透色谱法测得共聚物p—PF—PPV和o—PF—PPV的数均分子量分别为3130,3050．p—PF—PPV和o—PF—PPV在二甲亚砜溶液中的荧光波长分别为514nm和503nm,固体p—PF—PPV和o—PF—PPV的荧光发射峰分别为516nm和496nm．两种聚合物均没有观察到玻璃化转化温度,p—PF—PPV和o—PF—PPV的热分解温度分别为330℃和579℃,有良好的热稳定性和成膜性．由循环伏安法测得的电化学性质表明：两种聚合物的HOMO能级均高于文献报道的芴一苯共聚物（PPF）,具有良好的空穴传输特性．     

导电聚合物的能带结构和光跃迁

采用计及电子－电子（ｅ－ｅ）相互作用的扩展的紧束缚模型，研究了非简并基态的导电聚合物－顺式聚乙炔（ｃｉｓ－ＰＡ）的能带结构，发现ｅ－ｅ相互作用的增强和链长的增加均可使其带隙变窄，从而使激发光谱波长发生红移。     

聚(4,7-二(4-己基噻吩-2-基)-2,1,3-苯并噻二唑)的合成及光/电化学性质研究

本文通过Still偶联反应合成了4,7-二(4-己基噻吩-2-基)-2,1,3-苯并噻二唑,进一步经Fe Cl3氧化法合成得到聚(4,7-二(4-己基噻吩-2-基)-2,1,3-苯并噻二唑)(PHB),并利用紫外-可见吸收光谱、荧光光谱、发光光谱、循环伏安曲线及热重(TG)进行表征.与聚3-己基噻吩(P3HT)的光/电化学性质比较表明,共轭链中D-A推拉电子结构的形成能显著提高共轭高分子聚合物最大吸收波长,降低带隙.     

氟原子对光伏聚合物性能的影响

以二(2-辛基十二烷氧基)苯并二噻吩(ODBDT)为供体单元,分别与受体单元二噻吩苯并噻二唑(DTBT)和二氟代二噻吩苯并噻二唑(DTffBT)共聚,合成了两种具有给-受体(D-A)结构的共轭聚合物PODBDT-DTBT和PODBDT-DTffBT。利用紫外-可见吸收光谱、循环伏安法研究了聚合物的光物理与电化学性能,并通过光伏性能测试研究了氟原子对聚合物太阳能电池的影响规律。结果表明,氟原子的引入使得聚合物的光学带隙变窄,溶解性变差;基于PODBDT-DTBT或PODBDT-DTffBT与PC71BM共混制备的本体异质结太阳能电池,光电转化效率分别为3.01%和2.00%。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Jane Eyre——A Feminist In The 19th Century

In the 19th century the society was controlled by men, and women were just appendants of them, they had not any rights and freedom. But Jane was an exception, she showed some characteristics of early feminist. Jane showed her characteristics of feminism in three aspects: rebellion, equality, and independence. These characteristics were helpful to her success, and feminism is the only way out for women of that time.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-