半导体器件失效分析的重要性及关键问题研究

本文对半导体器件失效分析的重要性及关键问题进行了阐述，认为失效分析对提高产品的可靠性具有非常重要的意义。失效分析的关键同意包括失效信息及失效数据的收集、失效预警及启动分析机制、信息反馈机制，专业技术及人员，善于总结，实现点到面的技术提升等方面。     

管壳式换热器失效分析与预防

阐述了管壳式换热器常见的失效形式,分析了各种失效的原因,提出了预防措施,在线检测,为生产提供了有益的借鉴。     

故障树分析法及其在轴承可靠性分析中的应用研究

采用故障树分析法对轴承失效机理进行研究，通过分析其故障模式与效应，研制出轴承失效故障树；编写出计算机辅助故障树分析程序；求出导致轴承失效的所有可能的故障模式，从而建立系统的故障谱，为轴承设计和维修提供了有益的参考。     

利用故障树分析法对底排弹的失效分析

本文在某底排弹系统可靠性模型的基础上,利用故障树的分析方法建立了底排弹失效故障树,并重点对底排装置的各个机构的失效建立了故障树并进行了定性分析和定量分析,为底排弹的作用可靠性的研究和分析提供了一定的参考。     

叉车机械变速箱齿轮失效故障树可靠性分析

通过对叉车机械变速箱齿轮进行失效模式与效应分析,研制出机械变速箱齿轮失效故障树;编写出计算机辅助故障树分析程序;求出了导致系统失效的所有可能的故障模式 (即最小割集 ),从而建立了系统的故障谱,为叉车的设计和维修提供了有益的参考.     

采煤机导向滑靴失效的力学分析

运用现代力学分析方法，分析了采煤机导向滑靴失效的力学原因，为今后的相关产品的设计、制造及维护提供了可借鉴的理论依据。     

炼镁还原罐早期失效分析

对炼镁还原罐的失效形式及原因进行了理认和实验分析，研究发现还原罐的早期失效与化学成分及组织的控制不当直接相关，铬的不足导致还原罐的严重氧化；碳量过高导致晶界碳化物网的形成，为高温氧化及裂纹的扩展提供了通道；对回炉料控制不当带来的夹杂物也严重地影响了还原罐的使用寿命     

汽车安全带卷收器失效形式分析及结构优化

针对汽车安全带卷收器失效的问题,以复合紧急锁止式汽车安全带卷收器为研究对象,简介了 汽车安全带卷收器的工作原理和失效形式;通过分析汽车安全带卷收器失效的原因,提出解决汽车安全带卷 收器支架变形和芯轴断裂的结构优化设计方案;应用 HyperMesh 有限元软件分析,以轻量化为目标,分析了 汽车安全带卷收器结构的应力值和强度值,对比标准表明其结构满足使用性能要求,降低了后期制作样品的 成本,提高了其经济性和技术性,为汽车安全带卷收器设计提供参考。     

电站压力容器失效分析

压力容器广泛应用于电力发电行业,是电站发电必不可少的特种设备。由于工作条件恶劣,容易发生事故。本文针对压力容器失效分析,介绍了相关概念、相关的失效分析技术思路及程序,研究了韧性破裂、脆性破裂、蠕变破裂等失效机理,失效原因及预防措施。     

电子电器产品系统级失效分析

为了对电子电器产品的失效进行系统的失效分析,以改进电子电器产品的生产工艺,提高电子电器产品的可靠性,促进社会工业和经济的快速发展。对电子电器产品系统级失效分析方法进行了系统化总结,以提供一种适用于多种电子电器产品失效的分析方法。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to