中国鹅掌楸的地理分布与空间格局

中国鹅掌楸呈东北－北美东部间断分布模式，该种的现代分布范围主要位于我国中亚热带，北纬２２－３２．５°，东经１０４．５－１１９．２°。大地理空间的分布格局呈聚集分布；小空间范围多呈均匀分布，个别地方居群呈聚集分布，中国鹅掌楸在历史上有过兴盛时期，虽然总体上趋势于衰退，但在局部有利的生境中表现一定的发展潜力。分布区及分布模式的形式，是鹅掌楸属的联合统一分布区分割的结果，它有三方面的原因：第三纪以来冷暖     

广西那坡县种子植物区系科属地理成分的分析

那坡县位于广西西南部 ,东经 10 5°31′～ 10 6°5′ ,北纬 2 2°5 5′～ 2 3°32′之间 ,处于滇、越、桂三地交接带 ,属古热带植物区北部湾地区的一部分 ,其地理位置特殊 ,植物种类极其丰富 ,有种子植物 174科 889属 2 2 0 1种。科、属的分布区类型分析表明 ,科的分布区类型以热带 -亚热带分布科所占比例最大 ,一些主产热带的科 ,如兰科、桑科、茜草科 ,荨麻科、番荔枝科等在本区系中有着丰富的属种 ;属的分析显示热带亚热带分布占70 9% ,其中又以热带亚洲分布最多 ,占 2 7 6 % ,其次是泛热带分布 18 8% ,热带分布远多于温带分布 (5 5 4∶2 15 ) ,显示出明显的热带北缘性质 ,具有热带向亚热带的过渡性。     

白冠长尾雉的分布与种群密度

白冠长尾雉(Syrmalicus reevesii)是中国的特有种、现今分布仅限于中国中部的山地,约当北纬26°～34°,东经104°～117°之间,是典型的东洋界物种。垂直分布的高度为海拔200～2,600m,海拔1,000m左右为最适宜的栖息范围。白冠长尾雉是典型的林栖鸟类,栖息的生境为亚热带常绿林和常绿、落叶混交林。典型栖息地的种群密度每平方公里为6只左右。     

中国灰鹤的现状与研究进展

目前,灰鹤在全国除广东、广西、福建、海南、香港、澳门和台湾外,其余的23个省区及北京、天津和上海3个直辖市均有分布。与历史分布比较,近20年来,中国灰鹤分布的总区域正在缩小,小区分布日渐现增多。中国灰鹤的夏季分布约在北纬32°20′—53°,东经76°—135°范围,垂直分布海拔65—3900m;涉及的行政省区分别有新疆、甘肃、内蒙、黑龙江、吉林、宁夏和四川若尔盖。其中,分布在新疆巴音布鲁克盆地的灰鹤种群达920—1150只,是目前中国记录的最大灰鹤繁殖度夏种群。中国灰鹤的越冬分布约在北纬22°90′—40°30′,东经87°50′—121°90′范围,垂直分布海拔0—3350m;涉及的行政省区分别有辽宁、河北、北京、天津、河南、山东、山西、陕西、江苏、上海、湖北、湖南、江西、贵州、云南、西藏、四川,及其宁夏的青铜峡黄河滩等地。其中在西藏、云南、贵州、山西、河南、河北、山东和江苏越冬的灰鹤种群,多数年份均超过千只。在20世纪末进入21世纪之际,我们研究推测灰鹤在中国越冬的种群总数不会少于22401只;全国灰鹤的种群结构,成鸟可能占60 03%,亚成鸟可能占22 36%,幼鸟可能占17 14%,总体属稳定增长型种群。     

国营林场经济效益的灰色预测和优势分析

1、林场基本情况 广运林场位于广西平乐的东南部,北纬24°17′～24°28′,东经110°～110°40′。海拔一般为800～1000m,坡度一般为25°～35°,土壤多属紫色土、红壤,母岩多为砂岩,土壤pH5～6,土层深50～100cm,表土一般为10～30cm。 平均气温19.9℃,极端最高气温38℃,极端最低气温-3.7℃,年雨量1388～1727mm,且3～8月降水为885mm。     

中国伪隐翅虫属——四川新记录

报道中国伪隐翅虫属一四川新记录种,线伪隐翅虫Pseudopsis flum Zerche.研究标本1 ♂,中国四川马边大风顶自然保护区,北纬28°26′-28°45′,东经103°13′-103°26′,海拔1900-2500m,1993年7月5日,周才权采.标本保存在西华师范大学生命科学学院.     

论贵州山地综合开发与整治

<正> 我省是一个多山的省份,山地占全省总面积的87.18%(不包括丘陵地在内)。因此,综合开发与整治山区,加速我省山区生产的全面发展,振兴山区经济,保护山区环境,为尽快实现山区现代化,具有深远的战略意义。一、山区自然环境复杂自然资源丰富贵州省位于我国西南地区的东南部,属云贵高原向东延展之部分。界于东经103°3′～109°30′。北纬24°30′～29°13′之间,属中亚热带的范围。贵州高原由于晚近期自东向西掀升强烈,故地势西高东低。西部韭菜坪(赫章,威宁、水城三县交界处)海拔达2900米,东部黎平县水口河最低仅137米,地势高差悬殊。由于上     

中纬度干旱半干旱气候特征和区域差异

中纬度干旱半干旱气候又称温带、亚热带干旱半干旱气候和亚热带——温带的草原——荒漠植被分布区相吻合。它主要分布于北半球内陆大约35°—50°N的欧亚大陆和北美大陆的中心部分,其中亚洲内陆地区包括西亚北部的西亚干旱区(伊朗高原为主)、苏联的中亚干旱气候区和我国西北部干旱区以及欧洲温带草原、荒漠气候区。在北美大     

卧龙自然保护区大熊猫生态环境的植被类型

自然概况卧龙自然保护区位于东经102°52′到103°24′,北纬30°45′到31°25′,东西长52公里,南北宽62公里,总面积二千平方公里,属岷江上游阿坝州汶川县境,是四川盆地向青藏高原过渡的高山深谷地带。全区由西北向东南倾斜,山高坡陡,河谷深切,最低海拔1,120     

太行山龙泉关地区植被类型的研究

太行山龙泉关地处北纬38°50′,东经113°50′,海拔高度700-2280米,山区地形复杂。植物种类较丰富,记录野生高等植物共294种,隶属于71科,180属。其中乔木29种,灌木31种,草本234种。种子植物属的地理成分有15种分布区类型,其中北温带分布最多,占48％以上,热带分布共占18.3％,中国特有分布占1.4％。该地区地带性植被类型有寒温性针叶林、温性针叶林、落叶阔叶林、落叶阔叶灌丛、灌草丛、草原,非地带性植被类型有草甸。 太行山龙泉关地处北纬38°50′,东经113°50′,海拔高度700-2280米。按吴氏植物区系分区系统,太行山植物区系属泛北极植物区,中国-日本森林植物亚区,华北地区,华北平原、山地亚地区。至今,无人对该段山区进行地植物学方面的研究。1985年,我们对该段山区的植被类型进行研究,目的为开发利用太行山植被资源,开展山地生态系统的研究,维护山地生态平衡提供地植物学方面的依据。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.