ZrO_2对堇青石多孔陶瓷吸水率和显气孔率的影响

采用活性炭和淀粉作造孔剂,ZrO2作添加剂,经湿混、干燥、造粒、成型和烧成制备堇青石多孔陶瓷.通过X射线衍射和陶瓷吸水率测定仪对堇青石多孔陶瓷的物相组成、吸水率和显气孔率进行了表征.实验结果表明:用10%活性炭和5%可溶性淀粉作造孔剂,添加1.0%的ZrO2,在1250℃下制得的堇青石多孔陶瓷的吸水率和显气孔率最高,分别为49.96%和39.89%。     

利用累托石合成堇青石

利用湖北省钟祥累托石作为合成堇青石的主要原料,主要研究了堇青石熟料对合成堇青石性能的影响.试验表明:加入30%堇青石熟料的坯料性能最好,且合成温度低,合成的堇青石机械强度高,热稳定性好,热膨胀系数为2.934×10-6/℃(Rt～1000℃).     

由化工脱水污泥烧制陶粒

以综合化工污泥、膨润土和造孔剂为原料,制成粒径为3～6mm水处理用的生料球,经烘干、预热、焙烧等工艺过程,进行了陶粒填料的合成研究. 采用正交试验进行陶粒的制备,测定了所制备陶粒的堆积密度、表观密度、比表面积、筒压强度和磨损率等性能,分析了造孔剂掺量、污泥与膨润土配比、预热时间、预热温度及烧结温度等不同因素对陶粒主要性能的影响. 根据作为水处理填料的材料应遵循的原则和对陶粒各性能分析的结果,确定了烧制污泥陶粒的最佳工艺参数:造孔剂掺量5%、污泥与膨润土比例4∶6、预热时间30min、预热温度400℃、烧结温度1140℃. 扫描电镜照片揭示了陶粒表面和内部孔隙特征及不同烧结温度下陶粒内部孔隙的变化特征.     

氧化铋对低温燃烧合成堇青石粉相变和烧结性能的影响

为研究Bi2O3在堇青石基微晶玻璃烧结过程中的作用及其添加量对微晶玻璃相转变和烧结性能的影响,以硅酸、硝酸铝、硝酸镁为原料,尿素为燃料,用低温燃烧法制备了具有不同Bi2O3含量的堇青石基微晶玻璃,并对其进行了X射线衍射分析、显微分析和能谱分析.结果表明:添加Bi2O3能明显促进μ-堇青石向α-堇青石的相转变或促进α-堇青石相直接析晶,降低α-堇青石相的析出温度(由1 050℃降至900℃),有效促进微晶玻璃的烧结致密化;Bi2O3的添加量以质量分数5%左右为宜.此外,介绍了一种简便快捷地制备堇青石基微晶玻璃的新方法.     

堇青石质整体式催化剂的制备及其催化噻吩加氢脱硫性能

采用涂敷法将工业加氢脱硫催化剂(FH UDS)负载到草酸预处理过的堇青石上,制得堇青石基负载FH-UDS新型整体式催化剂,用XRD、N2吸附脱附、SEM和XPS等分析手段对所制备催化剂的结构进行了表征,并以噻吩加氢脱硫为模型反应,基于高压固定床反应装置,对所制备催化剂的加氢脱硫(HDS)性能进行了实验研究。结果表明,酸处理增大了堇青石的比表面积,使其Mg、Al含量急剧减少,但未改变其物相结构;堇青石预处理条件、活性胶的pH值以及扩孔剂的加入对催化剂性能影响较大。在满足机械强度要求情况下,堇青石预处理时的酸浓度越大,煮沸时间越长,涂敷效果越好,催化剂的HDS活性越好;由质量分数50%草酸煮沸4 h的堇青石、pH=3的活性胶制备的催化剂具有较好的加氢脱硫活性,当反应温度为350℃时,噻吩的转化率已达到95%;在活性胶中加入尿素扩孔剂有利于催化剂活性的提高,反应温度较低时,此作用更显著。当反应温度为300?℃和325?℃时,噻吩的转化率分别由66%,78%提高到77%,91%。     

钴的负载量对制备碳纳米管-堇青石复合载体的影响

用钴作为催化剂催化裂解乙炔在整体式堇青石表面生长碳纳米管,制备碳纳米管-堇青石复合载体,并用SEM、N2物理吸附等方法对生成的碳纳米管的微观结构和复合载体的宏观结构进行了表征.结果表明,所得碳纳米管具有螺旋状多壁,均匀覆盖在堇青石表面.所制备的碳纳米管能渗透生长到堇青石内部,在超声破坏处理后仍能保持较高的附着度.在堇青石上生长碳纳米管能有效地提高堇青石载体的比表面积、比孔容积和载体的中孔数量,改善载体的孔分布.钴催化剂负载量对复合载体的性质有较大影响,随着负载量的增加,碳纳米管数量增多并变粗,复合载体的含碳率增加,同时复合载体的平均孔半径变小.     

镁质复合滑板材料的研究与开发

以优质电熔镁砂、烧结镁铝尖晶石为主要原料,采用纸浆废液作为结合剂研究镁质复合滑板材料.为了提高材料的热震稳定性,在基质中加入一定量电熔镁砂、镁铝尖晶石和α-Al 2O 3细粉.原料经过混炼、成型、干燥后在1 760 ℃的高温隧道窑中烧成.通过对试样进行性能检测与分析得出结论:对于镁质复合材料,尖晶石以预合成形式或以再生形式加入在基质中,随着加入量增加,材料的热震稳定性都提高,常温耐压强度先降低后增大.     

堇青石质蜂窝陶瓷载体的表面改性

用硝酸溶液对堇青石质蜂窝陶瓷样品进行处理，以堇青石为第1载体，浸渍涂覆掺杂稀土离子的自制γ-Al2O3为第2载体，以增加堇青石质蜂窝陶瓷的比表面积．加入镧提高了催化剂的抗烧结性能，防止在高温条件下催化剂表面积的损失．分析了γ-Al2O3的负载量及其焙烧温度对堇青石比表面积的影响．运用XRD、BET、SEM技术手段进行表征．     

载体的酸处理条件对整体式钌-堇青石催化剂性能的影响

研究了堇青石经硝酸处理后对整体式钌基氨合成催化剂性能的影响.利用BET、XRD、X射线荧光半定量分析(XRF)和Boehm滴定等测试手段对酸处理前后的堇青石进行表征,并对催化剂的反应性能进行评价.结果表明:堇青石经硝酸处理后,Mg、A l离子溶出,载体表面酸性增强,并且随着酸处理强度的增加,表面酸性进一步增加,与未经酸处理的堇青石相比,总酸量可以增加一个多数量级.同时,酸处理条件对堇青石的表面织构也有较大的影响,如温和的酸处理条件并不能改变堇青石的孔结构以及比表面积,而苛刻的酸处理条件可以有效地提高堇青石的比表面积、比孔容积,改善堇青石的孔径分布.但是,酸处理并没有改变堇青石载体的物相结构.催化剂的活性随着堇青石载体的酸处理强度的增加而降低,即比表面积越大、表面酸性越强催化剂的活性越低,可见,载体的表面酸性是决定催化剂活性的主要因素.     

镁质复合滑板材料的研究与开发

以优质电熔镁砂、烧结镁铝尖晶石为主要原料，采用纸浆废液作为结合剂研究镁质复合滑板材料。为了提高材料的热震稳定性，在基质中加入一定量电熔镁砂、镁铝尖晶石和α—Al2O3细粉。原料经过混炼、成型、干燥后在1760℃的高温隧道窑中烧成。通过对试样进行性能检测与分析得出结论：对于镁质复合材料，尖晶石以预合成形式或以再生形式加入在基质中，随着加入量增加，材料的热震稳定性都提高，常温耐压强度先降低后增大。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.