钴铬烤瓷合金反复熔铸后电化学腐蚀性能变化

为研究钴铬烤瓷合金反复熔铸后电化学腐蚀性能的变化,按照ISO 10271标准,将钴铬烤瓷合金在真空加压氩气保护环境下,分别经过1～3次反复熔铸,制成方形试样,采用电化学工作站测试其在37℃、pH=7.4氯化钠溶液中的电化学腐蚀性能(Ecorr、Ep、Icorr).结果表明,在氩气保护真空加压铸造环境中,钴铬烤瓷合金经过1～3次单纯反复熔铸,各电化学性能参数变化无显著差异.     

挤压态Mg-13Li-1Al-1Ca-4Y合金的微观组织及力学性能

制备并研究了Mg-13Li-1Al-1Ca-4Y合金铸造态及热挤压态的组织和挤压态合金的力学性能.光学显微镜、X射线衍射、扫描电镜及EDS能谱对合金相组成进行分析,结果表明,铸造态Mg-13Li-1Al-1Ca-4Y合金由β-Li基体以及聚集在晶粒内部及境界上的块状和针状Al2Y3化合物组成,基体平均晶粒尺寸约为60～70μm,Ca元素偏聚在晶界上,以Mg2Ca化合物形式存在.在300℃真空环境下对铸造态试样保温10 h后,在250℃对试样进行热挤压成型.挤压态显微组织显示,大量破碎化合物沿挤压方向呈带状分布.热挤压后合金室温延伸率可达46%.     

固溶处理对AP65镁合金阳极放电活性的影响

采用熔炼铸造法制备AP65镁合金阳极材料,采用扫描电镜(SEM)结合能谱分析(ESA)研究不同状态下试样的显微组织和腐蚀形貌,采用X线衍射仪(XRD)分析不同状态下试样的相结构,采用动电位极化扫描法、恒电流氧化法和交流阻抗法研究不同状态下试样在3.5%NaCl溶液中的电化学行为。研究结果表明:铸态试样在晶界处存在不连续分布的第二相Mg17Al12,该第二相能增强试样的耐蚀性,但导致试样局部腐蚀严重且放电活性较弱;经400℃固溶24 h后第二相溶解,试样的耐蚀性减小,腐蚀相对铸态试样均匀且放电活性增强。     

奥贝灰铁的组织与性能

探讨了不同化学成分的砂型和金属型铸造灰铸铁试样经等温热处理后的组织和性能。试验表明CE=4.4％以上的砂型铸造灰铸铁试样,抗拉强度提高到263MPa,延伸率可达1％～2％。金属型铸造的CE=4.2％～4.3％的灰铸铁试样抗拉强度达到500MPa,延伸率可达1％。由于碳当量高,铸造工艺性较好,强度提高幅度较大,因此可望作为铸铁的新成员,进入工业应用领域。     

不同热处理00Cr12Ti在再活化过程中的电化学行为

采用Cu--CuSO4--16%H2SO4浸泡实验、双环电化学动电位再活化(DL--EPR)法和动电位交流阻抗(DEIS)研究了不同热处理状态00Cr12Ti在0.1 mol.L-1 H2SO4+0.0001 mol.L-1 KSCN溶液中的电化学行为.结果表明:1000℃保温2 h的试样发生敏化,650℃保温2 h的试样不发生敏化.不同热处理状态主要影响合金的再活化过程,对合金的活化过程影响很小.在再活化过程中,对于1000℃保温2h试样,容抗弧显著减小而后逐渐增大,且低频区出现负阻抗,发生钝化膜的破裂和修复;而650℃保温2 h试样钝化膜相对稳定,没有发生钝化膜破裂和修复.发生晶间腐蚀后,1000℃保温2 h试样电荷转移电阻(Rct)明显小于650℃保温2 h试样的钝化膜电阻(Rp),这是由敏化试样发生局部腐蚀造成的.     

用等离子质谱法研究钛钼合金钝化膜

Ti-15Mo合金试样在70℃,4mol HCl中,不同电位下恒电位阳极极化,使用等离子质谱(ICP-MS)方法分析试验溶液。结果表明,试验溶液中Mo贫乏,由此推测在试样表面形成的阳极钝化膜中Mo发生富集。Mo的富集系数Z(M_o)达到0.61。不同极化电位对Mo富集程度影响不大。     

碘量法测定二氧化锰的探讨

本文研究了碘量法测定二氧化锰的适宜条件,在温度为10℃～25℃及盐酸酸度为0.3N～0.4N时,于碘化(?)溶液中可将试样完全溶解。     

低合金高强度双相耐磨钢热处理工艺研究

采用光学显微镜、电子显微镜和万能力学试验机对热处理后的低合金高强度双相耐磨钢试样进行组织观察和力学性能测试.结果表明,水淬后的试样微观组织为贝氏体-马氏体双相组织;250 ℃回火后的试样微观组织为回火马氏体和贝氏体;450 ℃和600 ℃回火后的试样微观组织分别为回火马氏体和贝氏体.水淬250 ℃回火后的试样具有最佳强度和塑性配比,其抗拉强度和屈服强度分别为1 491.4 MPa和1 264.6 MPa,HRC硬度为43,延伸率为9.42%.     

温度对X70管线钢在含氧溶液中应力腐蚀的影响

通过扫描电镜观察X70管线钢表面铁素体微观形貌,采用能谱仪分析其化学元素质量分数。在常温及60℃时,采用慢应变速率法(SSRT),分别在空气和氧质量分数为1.0×10-4的NACE(Na C1与CH3COOH质量分数分别为5%和0.5%)溶液中进行X70管线钢应力腐蚀试验,对试样断口形貌进行分析,并研究温度对X70管线钢在氧质量分数为1.0×10-4溶液中应力腐蚀开裂(SSCC)敏感性的影响。研究结果表明:常温下X70管线钢应力腐蚀敏感性不明显,当温度升至60℃时应力腐蚀敏感性增加,有应力腐蚀倾向;氧元素对试样应力腐蚀性能有一定的促进作用,60℃时NACE溶液中Cl-与O2运动加剧,是应力腐蚀敏感性增强的重要因素。     

基于Mapping图像分析的硫酸钠侵蚀水泥基材料中硫元素分布规律

利用SEM-BSE成像模式和EDS-Mapping模式测试了质量分数为2.5%和5.0%Na2SO4溶液侵蚀1年后的水泥净浆、砂浆试样的微观形貌和元素分布.结合图像分析方法,定量描述与分析了试样中硫元素浓度分布规律及硫酸根离子的侵蚀深度.结果表明:不同浓度Na2SO4溶液侵蚀下的净浆、砂浆试样中硫元素浓度分布趋势基本一致,表层浆体硫元素浓度较低,近表层区出现高硫含量带,随后硫元素浓度随深度增加而下降,下降幅度先剧烈后平缓,最终硫元素浓度趋于稳定.硫元素各分布段分别对应于石膏集中生成区、石膏与钙矾石混合生成区、钙矾石集中生成区以及未腐蚀区.高浓度Na2SO4溶液侵蚀后的净浆试样的高硫含量带宽度为550μm,硫元素浓度峰值为6.87%,明显大于低浓度Na2SO4溶液侵蚀后的试样(分别为300μm和1.93%);低浓度Na2SO4溶液侵蚀下,砂浆试样高硫含量带宽度大于同水灰比净浆试样,硫元素浓度峰值略小于净浆试样.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.