含随机微裂纹的椭圆孔口应力分析

针对实际工程中广泛存在的孔洞边缘含有随机微裂纹的孔口应力分析问题建立了理论模型.利用微裂纹在小尺度下的局部保角性构造近似的复变函数,通过对微裂纹与宏观孔洞的尺度分离获得了不同尺度下椭圆孔口的应力场,并扩大了复变函数的应用范围.结果表明,通过近似的复变函数的构造和微裂纹与宏观孔洞的尺度分离,能够准确计算含微裂纹椭圆孔口的应力场和应力强度因子.当含随机微裂纹的椭圆孔洞所在平面承受竖向均布载荷时,椭圆长短轴的比值越大,应力强度因子的极值越大,且应力强度因子沿椭圆边缘的衰减速度越快;当椭圆长短轴的比值足够小时,微裂纹位置对应力强度因子的影响不大.     

开孔有限板的孔边应力场分析

研究了开椭圆孔有限板的应力集中问题，应用弹性力学的复变函数理论，在各内边界上引入保角变换，在外边界上采用分段函数，通过傅立叶级数展开，计算整个弹性板的应力场，给出了开椭圆孔有限板的计算实例。     

基于Mathematica的蜂窝梁孔口应力集中问题的复分析

目的研究不同孔型的孔口应力集中问题,为蜂窝梁及其他开孔结构的工程设计应用提供参考.方法利用弹性力学的基本理论,运用复变函数的方法,引入保角变换,以无限大开孔板为例,借助Mathematica的符号计算功能,编制相应的程序对常用的蜂窝梁孔型—六边形、四边形、圆形孔口进行分析求解.运用孔口纯弯状态下有限元分析与理论计算结果进行对比和修正.结果计算推导得出了在几种不同应力边界条件下的孔口处的复应力函数,进而得到对应的孔口应力分布特征,借助有限元分析给出了纯弯状态下孔口应力的理论计算公式.结论孔口的应力集中程度随孔角曲率半径减小而加剧,圆形孔口能有效降低应力集中的影响,是一种理想的开孔形式.     

无限大薄板椭圆孔口裂纹前缘应力研究

带裂纹含孔口构件的研究一直是断裂力学与岩石力学等学科的重要课题.基于复变函数方法,利用保角变换将无限大多连域映射为单位圆,将问题的边界条件使用柯西积分简化.由于孔口是薄板应力变化剧烈的区域,在考虑孔口应力时,应用椭圆孔口分析结果探讨裂纹应力分布.以裂纹尖端点为新的极坐标原点建立坐标系,对裂纹前缘应力场计算公式进行了推导,得到了计算裂纹前缘应力场的二级渐进公式.研究中发现,原有一级渐进公式与精确解的相对误差较大,而本文推导出的二级渐进公式与精确解的相对误差较小.     

一维六方准晶压电材料中螺型位错与椭圆孔口的相互作用

目的根据点群6mm一维六方准晶的位错理论,通过一维六方准晶压电材料反平面问题的控制方程,研究含螺型位错与椭圆孔口相互作用时的应力场和电场的相互关系。方法根据复变函数方法,引入适当的保角变换,将椭圆孔口问题映射到单位圆来讨论。结果 1)得到了一维六方准晶压电材料含螺型位错时电弹性场的解析表达式;2)得到了椭圆孔口与螺型位错相互作用时应力强度因子解析表达式。结论由螺型位错与椭圆孔口的相互作用结果,这为研究一维六方准晶压电材料位错问题和断裂问题提供了重要依据。     

用计算复变函数法处理含多个椭圆孔有限大小复合材料板的应力场

把多保角变换复变函数理论和介配点最小二乘法相结合，提出了弹性力学中的计算复变函数法概念，并以此来计算含有任意多个椭圆孔有限大小复合材料层合板的应力场。     

多孔弹性平板弯曲或扭转的应力集中

针对合有任意多孔无限大弹性平板弯曲或扭转应力集中的计算问题，应用弹性力学的复变函数理论，采用多保角变换的方法，推出了多复变量应力函数的表达式。在边界上进行复Foutier级数展开，用待定系数法确定应力函数的未知系数，从而计算弹性板的应力场。以含有任意多圆孔的无限板为例，进行了算例分析，给出了各种载荷下孔距对应力集中的影响因素和孔边周向弯矩的分布图。结果表明：该方法对处理多孔弹性平板弯曲或扭转问题是行之有效的。     

幂强化材料平板拉伸变形时椭圆孔口的应力集中

本文借助伪应力函数和复变函数法得到了含椭圆孔和椭圆形刚性夹杂的幂强化材料无限大板在单向拉伸作用下的解析解,讨论了孔口和夹杂附近的应力集中问题,给出了应力集中系数、应变集中系数与对应的线弹性问题的应力集中系数之间的关系。     

孔口应力集中问题的Cosserat连续体有限元分析

采用四边形四节点和四边形八节点2种Cosserat连续体单元对一般平面应变条件下的圆孔、椭圆孔以及菱形孔的应力集中现象进行了数值模拟.结果表明:当孔口变得尖锐时,应力集中因子与应变梯度显著增大;经典的连续体单元可能会过高估计应力集中因子,而Cosserat连续体单元则可以反映孔口的大应变梯度和微结构的影响,从而弱化应力集中因子.为了模拟接近不可压缩或几乎不可压缩材料的孔口应力集中问题,引入了独立的压力场,并基于Hu-Washizu混合变分原理发展了一个四边形四节点单元u4ω4p.数值结果表明,u4ω4p单元与八节点单元能较好地模拟不可压缩材料中的应力集中现象.此外,鉴于其计算工作量小、不易扭曲等优点,u4ω4p具有更广阔的应用前景.     

用复变函数方法求解复杂形式的应力集中问题

本文对一种复杂形式的应力集中问题,利用近似保角变换探讨了一种渐近变换函数,并利用柯西积分过程求出应力集中系数,其结果与有限元结果吻合,但其在计算机上实现比有限元方法简单。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.