浅析构建绿色GDP核算体系可行性

近些年来,在全球经济发展的同时,资源短缺、生态环境恶化等问题变得日益严重。为了实现经济的可持续发展,各国应着手修正传统的GDP核算体系,将环境因素和资源因素考虑在内来创建绿色GDP核算体系。文章论述了传统GDP和绿色GDP的关系,并阐述了建立绿色GDP核算体系的重大意义,以及创建绿色GDP指标所面临的难题,在此基础上对绿色GDP核算的可行性进行了分析。     

陕西省绿色国民经济核算模型构建

国内生产总值是一个衡量国家的社会经济进步与否的重要指标标志,但是传统GDP核算体系的弊端会造成该指标虚拟增大。本文较为系统地总结和分析了国内外对绿色GDP核算的研究成果,结合陕西省的自然资源与环境状况分析了该区域经济活动对于资源环境的影响,构建了陕西省绿色国民经济核算模型体系,提出了具有一定可操作性的指标核算体系,对正确衡量陕西省国民经济发展有一定的指导意义。     

绿色GDP——中国经济可持续发展的方向标

我国即将实行绿色GDP核算体系的试点工作,本文着重论述了绿色GDP指标与现行GDP指标相比所具有的独特作用,以及实行以绿色GDP指标为主的统计核算体系的重大意义。     

GDP情结

<正>随着经济日渐成为人们生活的焦点,经济领域的一个重要指标GDP就越来越受到社会的关注。GDP是按市场价格计算的国内生产总值(Gross Domestic Product)的简称,是指一个国家(或地区)所有常住单位在一定时期内生产活动的最终成果。自从库兹涅茨等人建立了国民收入核算体系以来,GDP似乎就成了一国     

卷首语

国民生产总值(GDP)作为反映一个国家或地区经济走势的重要指标,已成为各国政府制定经济发展战略、中长期规划、年度计划、各种宏观经济发展政策、进行国际比较的重要依据。但是,随着社会历史的发展,在经济取得飞速发展的今天,人类生存环境遭受到越来越严重的破坏,单纯追求GDP的经济发展模式越来越不合时宜,以牺牲环境和人类健康为代价的经济增长方式已不能被接受和认可。那么,从现行GDP中扣除自然资源耗减价值与环境污染损失价值后的剩余国内生产总值,即绿色GDP的核算,对于经济发展就更具指导意义。     

绿色GDP的研究现状及对策

从传统GDP存在的诸多缺陷与弊端入手,系统阐述了实行绿色GDP核算对保证一个国家和地区经济可持续发展的重要作用,深入分析了实行绿色GDP核算面临的问题与挑战,初步提出了实施绿色GDP核算的基本思路。     

在羁绊中前进的绿色GDP

改革开放以来我国经济建设取得巨大成效,但是长期以来我国实行的以GDP为主的经济核算体系造成了我国粗放型的经济增长模式,成为阻碍我国经济发展的绊脚石,因此我国政府提出了构建绿色GDP的核算体系,但迄今为止困难重重。本文从绿色GDP的产生入手,简要分析了绿色GDP在我国的困境以及解决方法。     

工业污水排放与国民经济发展

当前提出的绿色GDP是在GDP的基础上，在一定时期内，扣除资源耗减和环境污染、资源恢复与污染治理后的最终成果。因此，它在一定程度上反映了经济与环境之间的相互作用，是反映可持续发展的重要指标之一。但是绿色GDP在实际核算中非常复杂，资源消耗成本和环境损失代价很难评估，目前世界上还没有一个国家就全部资源消耗成本和环境损失代价计算出绿色GDP。要从“环境换取增长”的阶段转向“环境优化增长”的阶段．即指把环境保护作为一种手段，使之改善和促进经济增长，从而达到环境保护与经济发展的双重目标；要对经济发展与环境保护的相互促进进行了分析。     

绿色GDP核算与科学政绩观

GDP是人类以追求经济增长为特征的传统工业文明的一个典型标志,但却忽略了随之带来的资源稀缺、环境污染等等损害。而绿色GDP核算,则克服了GDP固有的缺陷,是在科学发展观指引下的、引导经济增长模式转变的一个极为重要的指标。正因如此,绿色GDP核算试点工作的进展虽然不尽如意,但却不容放弃。     

GDP核算也应与时俱进

本文在总结传统GDP核算的局限性的基础上,提出GDP的核算也应与时俱进,顺应当前社会、经济的发展,进而在分析了和谐GDP的优势和建立、实施和谐GDP意义的条件下,提出在我国应建设起符合中国社会、经济发展的和谐GDP。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Jane Eyre——A Feminist In The 19th Century

In the 19th century the society was controlled by men, and women were just appendants of them, they had not any rights and freedom. But Jane was an exception, she showed some characteristics of early feminist. Jane showed her characteristics of feminism in three aspects: rebellion, equality, and independence. These characteristics were helpful to her success, and feminism is the only way out for women of that time.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-