到达时间与工期同序的串行批处理机排序问题

笔者考虑的工件带有到达时间,且到达时间与工期同序、目标函数为加权误工工件数的单台串行批处理机排序问题是NP-难的,其中批处理机的容量无限。当同一批中的工件都到达后,此批才可以开始加工。同一批中工件的开始加工时间相同,批的加工时间为此批中所有工件的加工时间之和,且完工时间也相同,为这批中最后一个工件的完工时间;每批开始加工之前都有一个固定的调整时间,而批内工件间无调整时间,在批的调整时间内机器不能加工任何工件。研究工件带有2个不同到达时间,且到达时间与工期同序的情况。对于目标函数为加权误工工件数问题,分析了其最优解的性质,给出了拟多项式动态规划算法及其时间复杂性。     

产品中有多个工件时加权情况下的排序问题

本文考虑的是工件在单台机器上加工随后组装成产品的下述排序问题：ｎ个产品各由一特殊工件和ｍ个共同工件组成，这ｍ个共同工件分属ｍ个不同的共同工件类，所有的工件在同一台机器上加工，机器在加工一组第ｉ类共同工件前需时间ｓｉ〉０（ｉ＝１，２，．．．ｍ），一组共同工件中任一工件的完工时间为其所在组中的全部工件完工时的时间，产品的完工时间为其特殊工件和所有共同工件均完工时的时间，目标是适当排列工件加工序使ｎ个产     

带有退化效应和不可用区间的并行批排序问题

在制造业中,处理机由于长时间使用而发生故障或进行维护、保养等原因,产生一些不可用区间;并且工件的实际加工时间往往与它的开始加工时间有关。研究一种带有退化效应和不可用区间的无界单机并行批处理机排序问题。在这一模型中,工件的实际加工时间是其开始加工时间的线性递增函数。而并行批处理机中,同批工件同时开始加工,同时完工,且批一旦开始加工就不可中断;每批的加工时间等于这批工件中加工时间的最大者;同批中工件的完工时间都相同,为这批的完工时间。讨论的目标函数为最大完工时间问题。通过对最优解性质的分析,给出了求解此问题的多项式时间的最优算法。     

总完工时间排序两人合作博弈的纳什博弈解 (运筹学与控制论)

研究合作加工一批工件,加工成本由最小的总完工时间决定的两台机器合作博弈问题。每一方都有一台机器用于加工工件,每个工件只需在两台机器中任何一台加工一次,而且加工时间都相等。要确定这批工件的一个划分以把这些工件分给这两台机器加工,使得相应的合作(加工)收益分配合理、能够被双方接受。本文研究在相同工件的情况下,以最小完工时间作为加工成本的两人合作博弈问题,并给出此合作博弈问题的纳什博弈解。     

重加工具有退化与学习现象的单机批排序问题

本文对同一台机器下次品工件可重加工生产的问题进行研究。工件要求成批加工,每批包括连续加工的两个子批。第一子批的工件加工后,一部分工件是按照要求得到的优良品,另一部分工件是次品。次品的工件接着在第二子批重加工,而次品工件在等待重加工时会产生退化与学习现象,加工完成后得到的工件是优良品。同一子批的工件同时完工,工件的完工时间是该子批中最后一个工件的完工时间。假设每批生产的工件次品率是相同的。每一批工件开始加工和重加工时都有安装时间。目标函数是使总安装时间,重加工和库存持续费用最小,并且优良品工件的需求得到满足。对于该问题的一般情形给出了动态规划算法。接着当批工件的完工时间和批的规模满足一致关系,给出多项时间算法。     

链式约束下的一种半连续型批处理机调度问题

半连续型批处理机调度问题是一种新型的批调度问题,它是从钢铁工业加热炉对管坯的加热过程中提炼出来的,与传统批处理机调度问题的批进批出方式不同,其主要特征为批中工件的进入、加工和离开都连续进行,同一批工件中工件的加工时间均等于这批工件中加工时间的最大者,批的大小为这批工件的个数,批的加工时间是从该批中的第一个工件进入机器,到最后一个工件离开机器所用的时间,因此批的加工时间取决于该批的大小、批中工件的最大加工时间及机器的容量。研究了这种新模型具有优先约束的情况,对链式约束下的极小化最大完工时间问题进行了讨论,证明了最优解的性质,从而给出了一个复杂性为O(n2)的动态规划算法,能够获得对应问题的最优解。     

加工时间与位置相关的最小化最大完工时间两人合作排序博弈

【目的】针对加工时间与加工位置相关的两人合作排序博弈问题开展研究。【方法】工件加工时间与加工位置相关可以描述为工件加工时间随着加工序列中工件加工位置的改变而呈现出递增或递减的函数变化。两个人必须合作加工一批工件,两人各自都有一台机器可用于加工这批工件,且他们的加工成本定义为各自的最小完工时间。目标是使得他们的合作收益最大化,为了使这两个人的合作总收益最大化,需对这批工件进行一个划分,把工件分配给两台机器。【结果】提出了该问题有正整数解的充分必要条件。【结论】证明了该问题是多项式可解的。     

重加工具有退化与学习现象的单机批排序问题

本文对同一台机器下次品工件可重加工生产的问题进行研究。工件要求成批加工,每批包括连续加工的两个子批。第一子批的工件加工后,一部分工件是按照要求得到的优良品,另一部分工件是次品。次品的工件接着在第二子批重加工,而次品工件在等待重加工时会产生退化与学习现象,加工完成后得到的工件是优良品。同一子批的工件同时完工,工件的完工时间是该子批中最后一个工件的完工时间。假设每批生产的工件次品率是相同的。每一批工件开始加工和重加工时都有安装时间。目标函数是使总安装时间,重加工和库存持续费用最小,并且优良品工件的需求得到满足。对于该问题的一般情形给出了动态规划算法。接着当批工件的完工时间和批的规模满足一致关系,给出多项时间算法。
     

一致性条件下带磨损因子的排序问题

考虑下述带磨损因子的排序问题：n个工件需在同台机器上依次加工，工件j,j=1，2，…，n,所需的加工时间同它被开始加工的时间有关，当工件j开始被加工的时间为t时其所需的加工时间为Pj=bjt，其中bj可视作与工件j有关的一个磨损因子．要求适当排列这n个工件的加工顺序，使某目标函数值达最小．对最大迟后、最大延误、加权完工时间之和这三个目标函数，文中给出了相应条件下的最优算法．     

工件可拒绝平行机排序

考虑工件有到达时间并且可拒绝的m台无界平行批处理机最小化最大完工时间的排序问题.如果拒绝一个工件,要花费一定的惩罚费用;如果接受这个工件,在m台机器中的一台上分批加工,定义一批的加工时间为这批中所包含的最长工件的加工时间.目标函数是最小化接受工件的最大完工时间与拒绝工件的费用之和.当m是一个给定的数时,给出了这个问题的一个拟多项式时间算法和一个完全多项式时间近似方案.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to