胡桃楸树皮抗肿瘤有效成分对H22荷瘤小鼠T细胞亚群的影响

 为测定胡桃楸树皮提取物(HT)抗肿瘤有效成分对H₂₂荷瘤小鼠T细胞亚群的影响,将昆明小鼠随机分为HT高剂量组、HT低剂量组、阳性药环磷酰胺组、模型组和正常组,采用接种法复制H₂₂肿瘤移植模型。利用荧光标记抗体-流式细胞术检测HT对建立的H₂₂荷瘤小鼠模型外周血中CD4⁺/CD8⁺细胞亚群比值变化; ELISA法检测CD4⁺细胞所分泌细胞因子IL-4和IFN-γ的含量,以测定Th1/Th2细胞亚群比例。结果显示,与阳性药注射用环磷酰胺(CTX)相比,HT高、低剂量组能显著降低机体CD8⁺亚群比例(P<0.01),HT低剂量组可明显提高CD4⁺/CD8⁺比值(P<0.05)。HT高、低剂量组的IL-4含量显著低于阳性药CTX组(P<0.001),明显低于模型组(P<0.05)。HT高剂量组的IFN-γ/IL-4水平明显高于阳性药CTX组(P<0.05)。研究表明,胡桃楸树皮提取物具有明显的抑瘤作用,能保护胸腺和脾脏,能减轻荷瘤机体的T细胞免疫功能的损伤。     

HIIT和MICT运动方式对健康青年T淋巴细胞亚群凋亡的影响

选取35名无规律运动习惯的健康青年(年龄18～30周岁)分别完成一次急性高强度间歇训练(high intensity interval training, HIIT)和中等强度持续训练(moderate-intensity continuous training, MICT)(间隔一周),两种运动方式能量消耗相同(1 256 kJ).分别于运动前、运动后即刻、运动后3 h和24 h采集上述青年的静脉血,采用流式细胞仪对低分化T细胞(CD3⁺CD28⁺CD57^-)、高分化T细胞(CD3⁺CD28^-CD57⁺)、调节性T细胞(T_regs)(CD4⁺CD25⁺CD127^-)、造血祖细胞(CD45⁺CD34⁺)和内皮祖细胞(CD45^-CD34⁺KDR⁺)检测计数;采用膜...     

低剂量Activin A通过激活CD8+T细胞发挥抗肿瘤效应

Activin A属于转化生长因子-β(transforming growth factor-β,TGF-β)超家族中的多功能细胞因子,存在于多种免疫细胞中.CD8⁺T细胞是发挥抗肿瘤活性的主要免疫细胞类型.以H22细胞移植瘤模型旨在探讨Activin A对CD8⁺T细胞功能的调控和作用机制.本研究首先在分离出的CD8⁺T细胞上发现Activin A受体及下游信号分子的表达.体外实验表明Activin A对小鼠H22肝癌细胞系的凋亡及增殖无显著影响.H22荷瘤鼠的体内研究发现低浓度Activin A抑制肿瘤生长,高浓度Activin A促进肿瘤生长.在Activin A对肿瘤CD8⁺T细胞作用的研究中,发现大剂量Activin A处理的肿瘤中CD8⁺T细胞含量减少,小剂量Activin A处理组中CD8⁺T细胞含量则增加.以上数据表明,不同剂量的Activin A可能通过调控CD8⁺T细胞的浸润对肿瘤的生长发挥双重作用.     

FOXP3+调节性T细胞与免疫细胞治疗

 CD4⁺CD25⁺FOXP3⁺调节性T细胞（Treg）负责维持机体免疫稳态、调节免疫耐受。Treg细胞通过调控机体对外来或自身抗原的免疫应答水平,在抗自身免疫及抗肿瘤免疫中均发挥重要作用。深入分析了Treg细胞功能的分子机理,通过FOXP3⁺Treg细胞体外扩增或对其进行修饰改造,可以使其在不同组织及炎症微环境下特异性促进对机体的有益作用,减少副作用,这一现象会为免疫细胞治疗提供新思路与新策略。     

胰腺癌细胞与神经相互作用对MIA PaCa-2转移侵袭的影响及机制研究

为了探讨胰腺癌细胞MIAPaCa-2与神经的相互作用对MIAPaCa-2增殖、凋亡、转移和侵袭能力的影响,及其在上皮间质转化和嗜神经侵袭进程中的作用,建立了MIA PaCa-2和小鼠神经共培养模型,收集上清,用其处理MIAPa-Ca-2 细胞,通过流式细胞术观察 CD133⁺/CXCR4⁺双染比例变化;Transwell 实验检测 MIA PaCa-2/神经相互作用和CD133对胰腺癌细胞转移侵袭能力的影响; Western blotting 检测不同处理组相关蛋白的表达;CCK-8检测其对MIA Pa-Ca-2增殖能力的影响.结果显示共培养上清处理过的MIA PaCa-2细胞中CD133⁺/CXCR4⁺双阳性比例显著高于普通培养基组(P<0.05),MIA PaCa-2/神经相互作用和 CD133 促进MIA PaCa-2增殖、转移和侵袭,提高其抗凋亡能力,上调Vimentin和Slug的表达.表明MIA PaCa-2/神经相互作用可提高胰腺癌细胞中CD133⁺/CXCR4⁺双阳比例,促进细胞增殖,抑制凋亡,调控细胞上皮间质转化进程,并诱导其转移侵袭.     

艾曲波帕与大剂量地塞米松治疗原发免疫性血小板减少症患者的临床疗效及安全性评价

探讨艾曲波帕与大剂量地塞米松治疗原发免疫性血小板减少症(ITP)患者的临床疗效及安全性。选取医院于2020年4月—2021年5月收治的110例ITP患者，运用随机数字表法将其分为研究组和对照组，各55例。给予对照组患者艾曲波帕与常规剂量地塞米松进行治疗，研究组患者则使用艾曲波帕与大剂量地塞米松治疗，1个月后，评估2组患者临床疗效，同时记录2组患者血小板计数恢复正常时间、血小板计数达到峰值时间以及住院时间，对比2组患者治疗前后T淋巴细胞(CD3⁺、CD4⁺、CD4⁺/CD8⁺)水平，并对2组患者治疗过程中不良反应发生情况进行对比。治疗后，研究组治疗总有效率为96.36%，显著高于对照组的83.64%(P<0.05)，血小板计数恢复正常时间、血小板计数达到峰值时间、住院时间明显比对照组短(P<0.05)，且研究组患者CD3⁺、CD4⁺、CD4⁺/CD8⁺水平均较对照组高(P<0.05)，研究组与对照...     

表达抗PD-1抗体的溶瘤病毒在结肠癌腹腔移植瘤模型中的抗肿瘤作用

为了研究表达小鼠抗PD-1抗体(VT1093M)的溶瘤病毒对结肠癌腹腔移植瘤模型的抗肿瘤作用,利用BALB/c小鼠成瘤的小鼠结肠癌CT26-luc细胞株建立了结肠癌腹腔移植瘤模型。接种后第8天进行分组,设置生理盐水(normal saline, NS)组、病毒VT09X组和VT1093M组,每组5只,注射剂量为2.5×10⁷ pfu/250μL,NS注射250μL,每隔一天注射一次,共注射5次。末次注射后6 d,脱颈处死小鼠,提取外周血中CD45⁺细胞和腹水细胞,进行体外杀伤实验。治疗组初次出现荧光消失后第13天,进行再挑战实验。结果表明,造模实验确定最佳接种条件为200μL的2.5×10⁶个/mL细胞悬液;药效实验中,VT09X组和VT1093M组较NS组具有明显的肿瘤抑制效果,VT1093M组治疗期间出现肿瘤消失情况,较VT09X组抑瘤效果明显,但差异无统计学意义;再挑战实验中,VT1093M组均未出现肿瘤再次生长;在体外杀伤实验中,注射病毒组的外周血CD45⁺细胞在靶效比为1∶40时对CT26...     

不同形式高原训练对运动员免疫功能及抗氧化能力标志物影响的网状Meta分析

[目的]探讨不同形式高原训练对运动员免疫功能及抗氧化能力标志物的影响效应.[方法]检索国内外权威数据库关于运动员参与高原训练的研究文献.[结果]网状Meta分析显示与常规训练比较,1)高住高练、高住高练低训及高住低练可显著提高运动员白细胞水平;2)高住高练、高住低练及间歇性低氧训练可显著提高运动员CD4⁺/CD8⁺水平;3)高住高练较低住低练可显著提高运动员血清肌酸激酶水平;4)间歇性低氧训练及低住高练可显著降低运动员血清丙二醛水平;5)高住高练,高住高练低训,高住低练及低住高练可显著降低运动员血清超氧化物歧化酶水平.[结论]高原训练可能显著抑制运动员免疫功能及抗氧化能力,间歇性低氧训练对运动员白细胞计数影响最显著,高住低练最易诱发CD4⁺/CD8⁺失衡,低住高练最易导致丙二醛功能受损,高住高练对血清肌酸激酶和超氧化物歧化酶的影响最显著.     

海参寡肽:免疫调节作用及机制研究

 为研究海参寡肽对小鼠的免疫调节作用及机制,试验选取250只SPF级雌性BALB/c小鼠,随机分为5组:空白对照组,乳清蛋白组(0.30 g/kg),0.15、0.30、0.60 g/kg海参寡肽组。连续灌胃30 d后,通过测定ConA诱导的小鼠淋巴细胞转化实验、迟发型变态反应、抗体生成细胞、血清溶血素水平、小鼠碳廓清实验、小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞吞噬鸡红细胞实验、自然杀伤(NK)细胞活性,观察海参寡肽对小鼠细胞免疫、体液免疫、单核-巨噬细胞吞噬和NK细胞活性的影响,并通过流式细胞术对脾脏T淋巴细胞亚群进行分析。结果表明:海参寡肽显著提高了小鼠细胞免疫、体液免疫、单核-巨噬细胞吞噬功能及NK细胞活性(P<0.05),且效果优于乳清蛋白。通过T淋巴细胞亚群分析表明,海参寡肽显著提高了脾脏CD3⁺百分比和CD4⁺百分比(P<0.05)。由此可知,海参寡肽可能通过增加T淋巴细胞数和Th细胞比例,介导细胞免疫、体液免疫功能、单核-巨噬细胞吞噬能力和NK细胞活性的增强作用,起到增强免疫功能的效果。     

FOXP3蛋白复合体及调节性T细胞功能研究进展

 FOXP3⁺CD4⁺CD25⁺调节性T 细胞（FOXP3⁺Tregs）负责正常机体免疫稳态的维持。人类许多重大免疫性疾病均与调节性T 细胞的功能异常相关。叉头状家族转录蛋白FOXP3 是调节性T 细胞中特异性表达的关键转录因子,对调节性T 细胞的发育与功能有着重要作用。近年来的研究表明,FOXP3 蛋白转录调控复合体的装配及其翻译后修饰调节对调节性T 细胞的功能至关重要,相关生理过程受到各种炎症微环境的动态调节。深入研究FOXP3⁺Tregs 活性调节的分子机制将为攻克人类重大免疫及相关性疾病提供创新性线索。     

CD4+ T-cell help controls CD8+ T-cell memory via TRAIL-mediated activation-induced cell death

The 'help' provided by CD4+ T lymphocytes during the priming of CD8+ T lymphocytes confers a key feature of immune memory: the capacity for autonomous secondary expansion following re-encounter with antigen. Once primed in the presence of CD4+ T cells, 'helped' CD8+ T cells acquire the ability to undergo a second round of clonal expansion upon restimulation in the absence of T-cell help. 'Helpless' CD8+ T cells that are primed in the absence of CD4+ T cells, in contrast, can mediate effector functions such as cytotoxicity and cytokine secretion upon restimulation, but do not undergo a second round of clonal expansion. These disparate responses have features of being 'programmed', that is, guided by signals that are transmitted to naive CD8+ T cells during priming, which encode specific fates for their clonal progeny. Here we explore the instructional programme that governs the secondary response of CD8+ T cells and find that helpless cells undergo death by activation-induced cell death upon secondary stimulation. This death is mediated by tumour-necrosis factor (TNF)-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL). Regulation of Trail expression can therefore account for the role of CD4+ T cells in the generation of CD8+ T cell memory and represents a novel mechanism for controlling adaptive immune responses.     

铅离子导致神经胶质细胞毒性的代谢组学机制

以神经胶质细胞为细胞模型,观察铅离子暴露细胞形态变化、细胞存活率和凋亡,并采用UPLC QTOF液质联用技术测定铅离子暴露的神经胶质细胞和正常细胞代谢物水平。结果显示：10 μmol/L 铅离子可引起神经胶质细胞的形态发生显著变化,细胞存活率降低,凋亡比例上升;多达973个潜在代谢物水平变化大于1.5倍（在P<0.05时）;主成分分析显示铅离子暴露组和正常对照组细胞具有显著不同的聚类趋势;差异代谢物的通路富集分析显示铅离子显著改变神经胶质细胞中谷氨酰胺和谷氨酸盐代谢、抗坏血酸/醛酸代谢、丁酸盐代谢以及谷胱甘肽代谢等多个涉及氧化还原等功能的重要代谢通路。铅离子生物毒性作用机制研究可为缓解铅毒性药物研发提供实验基础和理论参考。     

A novel epitope of the LFA-1 antigen which can distinguish killer effector and suppressor cells in human CD8 cells

The CD4 subset of cells displays helper/inducer activity and recognizes class II antigens of the major histocompatibility complex (MHC), while the CD8 subset recognizes class I MHC antigens and exhibits cytotoxic or suppressor function. Considerable functional as well as corresponding phenotypic heterogeneity exists within the two major T cell subsets. Although the CD8+ population contains pre-cytotoxic, cytotoxic, pre-suppressor and suppressor effector T cells, these distinctions still rest largely on the use of functional assays. Attempts have been made to define the CD8+ precursor of the killer cell with new monoclonal antibodies. But more precise phenotypic distinctions between the functional subpopulations within CD8+ cells will be needed. We have now developed a monoclonal antibody, anti-S6F1 which can distinguish killer effector and suppressor effector cells in CD8 lymphocyte populations. The cell-surface structure defined by this antibody comprises two glycoproteins with relative molecular mass (Mr) 180K and 95K respectively. Also sequential immunoprecipitation studies and two dimensional gel electrophoresis indicate that anti-S6F1 recognizes a novel epitope on the LFA-1 antigen.     

Signal requirements in the step-wise functional maturation of cytotoxic T lymphocytes

The generation of effector cytotoxic T lymphocytes from resting precursors proceeds through a series of steps in a pathway that, in aggregate, involves both proliferation and development of cytotoxicity. To understand the relationship of the various signals (mitogens and/or lymphokines) that bring about progress along this pathway, it is desirable to define a series of 'minimal signals', each of which stimulates the cell to proceed to a further stage in this process of differentiation. Stimulation of lymphocytes with two different monoclonal antibodies directed against the CD2 surface molecule induces a proliferative response; we report here that both CD4+ and CD8+ cells proliferate in response to such a stimulus but do not develop cytotoxicity. Addition of recombinant gamma-interferon (rIFN-gamma) or recombinant IL-2 (rIL-2) to the activated cells leads to acquisition of cytotoxic status by the CD8+ cells but not the CD4+ cells. The availability, in addition to precursors and effectors, of an apparently intermediate stage in the form of proliferating CD8+ cells that are non-cytotoxic should facilitate both cellular and molecular studies of this maturation pathway; the differences between CD4+ and CD8+ cells in development of cytotoxicity under these experimental conditions is a valuable model for understanding differentiation of T lymphocytes.     

Cellular immune responses to HIV

The cellular immune response to the human immunodeficiency virus, mediated by T lymphocytes, seems strong but fails to control the infection completely. In most virus infections, T cells either eliminate the virus or suppress it indefinitely as a harmless, persisting infection. But the human immunodeficiency virus undermines this control by infecting key immune cells, thereby impairing the response of both the infected CD4+ T cells and the uninfected CD8+ T cells. The failure of the latter to function efficiently facilitates the escape of virus from immune control and the collapse of the whole immune system.