WCDMA-HSDPA的问题分析及其改进方案

高速下行分组接入（HSDPA）方式理论上能在小区内利用一个载波给多个用户同时提供高速数据和语音业务,但显然此时要求提供的下行业务容量应比单独提供语音业务时更大。证明了HSDPA缺乏技术理论基础,同时提出了一种利用码分多址/时分多址的HSDPA改进方案,它将利用码分多址区分语音和高速数据业务信道,在高速数据业务信道中再选用时分多址方式。这种方法可改进WCDMA标准上下行容量基本对称的技术问题,使其符合移动因特网的需求。      

一种高效的CDMA/TDMA移动通信技术

给出多速率CDMA(码分多址)移动系统中不同速率信道发功率与发信速率的关系式,纠正了原常用计算式的错误,并由此导出一种码分多址/时分多址技术可用于改进原FDD WCDMA和cd-m a2000标准中只使用码分多址和VSF(可变扩频因子)实现多用户多速率兼容的方法。该新技术使用码分多址区分语音数据用户、数据速率近似等于语音用户速率的数据用户和一条高速数据信道,而在高速数据信道中再利用时分多址的方法区分那些高速数据用户。在语音和低速数据用户接收机中可以使用简单的干扰抵消器,用于消除一条高速数据信道产生的自干扰。这种新技术可以增加系统容量,减少发功率需求,并使用较简单的干扰抵消器,降低系统成本。     

干扰抵消技术在HSDPA中的应用

分析了选代干扰抵消原理及其在HSDPA中的应用,介绍了迭代干扰抵消各种实现方法:硬判／软判及串行干扰抵消、并行干扰抵消等,并分析了各种迭代方法的收敛性、优缺点和复杂度,最后介绍了一些简化方法。     

1x EV-DV的技术研究及其改进方案

证明了利用现有的CDMA基本原理无法实现1x EV-DV应该给多个用户同时提供高速数据和语音业务的应用要求.给出一种可行的利用码分多址(CDMA)和时分多址(TDMA)实现cdma2000 1x和1x EV-DO同频点兼容的方法.使用该方法可成10倍提高小区内的下行信道频谱利用率,而且只需使用最易实现的干扰抵消器,大幅提升900 MHz优质稀缺车载移动通信频段的频谱利用率.     

干扰抵消技术在HSDPA中的应用

分析了迭代干扰抵消原理及其在HSDPA中的应用,介绍了迭代干扰抵消各种实现方法:硬判/软判及串行干扰抵消、并行干扰抵消等,并分析了各种迭代方法的收敛性、优缺点和复杂度,最后介绍了一些简化方法.     

一种改进的多用户检测算法

针对串行干扰消除算法和并行干扰消除算法的不足,提出一种将串行干扰消除检测算法和部分并行干扰消除检测算法的基本思想结合起来的新的干扰消除多用户检测算法.该算法相对于串行干扰消除算法和并行干扰消除算法性能在某些方面有所改进:克服了串行干扰消除算法时延大、不能实时实现的缺点,并对功率分布均匀时系统的误码率性能有所改善;改善了并行干扰消除算法在系统中没有严格功率控制时的误码率特性;同时具有合理的计算复杂度和简单的实现结构等特点.理论分析和仿真结果都验证该算法具有较好的性能.     

HARQ技术(混合自动请求重传技术)

本次论文将以3G(第三代移动通信系统)PP(是一个成立于1998年12月的标准化机构)的HSDPA(表示高速下行分组接入技术)技术为例,进述速率理论上可以达到10Mbit/s(兆比特每秒表示数据传输速率)的高速下行数据传输技术。在HSDPA(表示高速下行分组接入技术)中,为了支持高速数据用户的支持,使用了一种新的共享信道,HS-DSCH(传输信道,用于高速下行分组接入技术)高速下行共享信道。在HSDPA(表示高速下行分组接入技术)中,为了使传输数据速率更高并支持多种非对称业务,提出了增强型下行共享信道(HS-DSCH(表示高速下行分组接入技术)的概念。本文重点讲述了混合自动请求重传技术的原理并对此进行了研究。     

HSDPA中的关键技术及特性分析

目前,移动通信领域中存在各种无线接入技术与标准,3GPP协议的R99版本和R4版本可以提供最高2Mbps的数据传输速率,3GPP2协议的EV-DO版本则可以提供最大2.4Mbps的数据传输速率,WiMAX(802.16e)技术则将提高数据传输速率到30Mbps。因此为了使WCDMA可以与其他技术相抗衡,WCDMA引入了HSDPA(High Speed Downlink Packet Access)技术,使之可以支持高达14.4Mbps的下行峰值速率。HSDPA可以作为WCDMA网络建设后期提高下行容量和数据业务速率的一种重要技术。本文主要讨论HSDPA技术特征与性能,同时与WiMAX无线接入技术进行了一定的比较,从而期望获得对HSDPA更清晰的认识。     

基于协方差矩阵的干扰阻塞算法

 为解决干扰阻塞算法对阵列接收信号构造阻塞矩阵进行干扰抵消后,位于干扰附近的信号会受到严重衰减而无法进一步检测的问题,提出一种基于协方差矩阵的干扰阻塞算法。针对阵列接收信号的协方差矩阵构造阻塞矩阵,利用协方差矩阵的特点实现干扰阻塞算法,减弱因干扰抵消而造成的信号衰减,利于信号的进一步检测。理论分析和计算机仿真结果表明,相对于干扰阻塞算法,基于协方差矩阵的干扰阻塞算法在信号和干扰相距较近时能有效抵消干扰同时减少对目标信号的衰减。     

一种新的混合多径干扰抵消方法

在CDMA上行链路中,由于信号的异步传输和多径传播,会引起多址干扰和多径干扰,使得传统的RAKE接收机性能变差．并行干扰抵消和串行干扰抵消可在一定程度上抑止干扰,但并行干扰抵消抗远近效应能力较差,串行干扰抵消会引入较大的处理延时．提出了一种新的混合干扰抵消接收机结构,具有低复杂度,低延时,抗远近效应等优点,可以有效克服多址干扰和多径干扰,性能明显优于上述两种干扰抵消方法．     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.