Synthesis and characterization of Fe<Subscript>3</Subscript>O<Subscript>4</Subscript>@SiO<Subscript>2</Subscript> magnetic composite nanoparticles by a one-pot process

Fe₃O₄@SiO₂ core–shell composite nanoparticles were successfully prepared by a one-pot process. Tetraethyl-orthosilicate was used as a surfactant to synthesize Fe₃O₄@SiO₂ core–shell structures from prepared Fe₃O₄ nanoparticles. The properties of the Fe₃O₄ and Fe₃O₄@SiO₂ composite nanoparticles were studied by X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, energy dispersive spectroscopy, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The prepared Fe₃O₄ particles were approximately 12 nm in size, and the thickness of the SiO₂ coating was approximately 4 nm. The magnetic properties were studied by vibrating sample magnetometry. The results show that the maximum saturation magnetization of the Fe₃O₄@SiO₂ powder (34.85 A·m2·kg–1) was markedly lower than that of the Fe₃O₄ powder (79.55 A·m2·kg–1), which demonstrates that Fe₃O₄ was successfully wrapped by SiO₂. The Fe₃O₄@SiO₂ composite nanoparticles have broad prospects in biomedical applications; thus, our next study will apply them in magnetic resonance imaging.     

Static synthesis of high-quality MCM-22 zeolite with high SiO2／Al2O3 ratio

We demonstrate a synthesis method to broaden the range of SiO2/Al2O3 ratio (30-100) of high-silica MCM-22 zeolites by prolonging the aging time of the gel before the crystallization. The synthesis conditions such as silica sources, chemical compositions of initial gel and aging time of gel were investigated in detail.High quality MCM-22 products with various morphologies have been synthesized by optimize their synthesis conditions.Our results show that increasing of the aging time can make the gel be homogenization and promote their nucleus formation,which may avoid the formation of impurity phase and thus broaden the range of SiO2/Al2O3 ratio.     

SiO2/PMMA无机-有机复合材料的制备与性能

以苯乙烯磺酸钠（NaSS）为离子单体,将其介入甲基丙烯酸甲酯（MMA）与正硅酸乙酯（TEOS）的原位分散聚合体系,以获得较少分散剂用量下的多功能二氧化硅/聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯(SiO2/PMMA)复合体系的单分散微球,采用XRD、SEM、TEM、FTIR、TGA和DSC对所获SiO2/PMMA复合微球进行了表征,并对其防水性能及单体合成机理进行了研究。研究结果表明：在分散聚合体系中加入正硅酸乙酯（TEOS）获得的纳米SiO2颗粒,可提高聚合物PMMA的疏水性能,且对该复合材料的透光率影响不大,仍具有很高的透明度。     

Effect of sintering on the optical properties of SiO2 colloidal crystal multilayers

High-quality SiO2 colloidal crystal multilayers were fabricated from ethanol solutions by the vertical deposition method and the effect of sintering on the optical properties of the samples was investigated. Optical properties,which are determined by the photonic band structure, weres tudied by means of light transmission and reflection measurements. The morphology of the samples was characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). SEM images illustrate the ordered close package of the spherical colloids in planes parallel to the substrate surface. In addition, the sampie is crackless as a result of an appropriate drying rate. It is shown that with the increase of the sintering final temperature, though the depth and the width of the peak of Bragg diffraction of the sample vary vastly, the peak produces few blue shifts. Optical measurement results were compared favorably to the microstructural properties of the colloidal crystal multilayers.     

SiO2-Al2O3/HA空心微球的制备及相关机理研究

采用化学沉积技术在SiO2-A12O3空心微珠表面沉积羟基磷灰石获得SiO2-A12O3/HA空心微球.结果表明羟基磷灰石以颗粒状均匀地沉积在空心微珠表面,且所得微球仍具有理想的球形结构;SiO2-Al2O3/HA空心微球中除构成SiO2-A12O3空心微珠的主要组分(3Al2O3·2SiO2、SiO2)及羟基磷灰石外...     

Selective synthesis of SnO<Subscript>2</Subscript> hollow microspheres and nano-sheets via a hydrothermal route

We report a mild template-free hydrothermal route for selective synthesis of SnO2 hollow microspheres and nano-sheets using SnCl2 and NaOH as initial materials.By switching the solvent from water to ethanol,the formed SnO2 nanostructures changed from nano-sheets to hollow microspheres.The obtained nano-sheets were single crystalline in structure.On the basis of the characterization of intermediate products,the formation of SnO2 hollow microspheres was ascribed to a crystal growth process,while the formation...     

水溶性纳米SiO2的制备及其摩擦学性能

以硅酸钠为原料,采用聚乙二醇为表面修饰剂及聚丙烯酸钠为分散剂,通过CO2沉淀法制备了水溶性纳米SiO2.通过透射电子显微镜(TEM)、X射线衍射仪(XRD)和傅里叶变换红外光谱仪(FT-IR)对水溶性纳米SiO2粒子进行表征;利用四球机考察了水溶性纳米SiO2粒子及其同辛丁基二硫代磷酸双β羟乙基十八胺盐(简称DDPN)...     

聚苯乙烯/二氧化硅（PS/SiO2）核壳型微球及SiO2空心球的可控制备及电镜观察

采用一种简单和低成本的方法制备单分散二氧化硅包覆聚苯乙烯（PS/SiO2）核壳型纳米复合微球.首先在氨水的醇溶液中,将聚乙烯吡咯烷酮（PVP）通过乳液聚合为聚苯乙烯核心,再在核心表面使正硅酸四乙酯（TEOS）水解缩聚,从而在PS微球表面包裹一层SiO2外壳.研究了氨水的用量对PS/SiO2纳米复合微球尺寸和形态的影响,利用透射电子显微镜（TEM）和扫描电子显微镜（SEM）对样品的超微结构与形貌进行表征,并探讨了其形成机理.     

Synthesis and modification of well-ordered layered cathode oxide LiNi<Subscript>2/3</Subscript>Mn<Subscript>1/3</Subscript>O<Subscript>2</Subscript>

Oxalic-acid-based co-precipitation method was employed to prepare LiNi_2/3Mn_1/3O₂ sample with a high-ordered structure. Li⁺, Ni²⁺ and Mn²⁺ acetates were used as starting materials. The influence of the amount of lithium source in the starting materials on Li⁺ content, disorder of Li⁺-Ni²⁺ ions, and electrochemical performance has been investigated. Rietveld refinement shows that the sample prepared with 20% excess Li-source in the starting materials exhibits a perfect ordered structure. A specific discharge capacity is as high as 172 mAh/g at C/20 in the voltage range of 4.35–2.7 V. However, the cyclability is not satisfactory: about 25.3% fade in capacity was observed over 50 cycles. Chemically stable SiO2 was coated on the surface of LiNi_2/3Mn_1/3O₂ particles. A significant improvement in cyclability was attained with 3 wt% SiO2 coating, which is ascribable to the protection of LiNi_2/3Mn_1/3O₂ particles from being dissolved into the electrolyte.     

Lithium-ion full cell with high energy density using nickel-rich LiNi0.8Co0.1Mn0.1O2 cathode and SiO-C composite anode

A high-energy-density Li-ion battery with excellent rate capability and long cycle life was fabricated with a Ni-rich layered LiNi_0.8Mn_0.1Co_0.1O₂ cathode and SiO-C composite anode. The LiNi_0.8Mn_0.1Co_0.1O₂ and SiO-C exhibited excellent electrochemical performance in both half and full cells. Specifically, when integrated into a full cell configuration, a high energy density (280 Wh·kg-1) with excellent rate capability and long cycle life was attained. At 0.5C, the full cell retained 80% of its initial capacity after 200 charge/discharge cycles, and 60% after 600 cycles, indicating robust structural tolerance for the repeated insertion/extraction of Li+ ions. The rate performance showed that, at high rate of 1C and 2C, 96.8% and 93% of the initial capacity were retained, respectively. The results demonstrate strong potential for the development of high energy density Li-ion batteries for practical applications.     

Blue emission from hydrogen-containing a-Si：H／SiO2 multilayers and the investigation of its mechanism

A series of hydrogen-containing a-Si:H/SiO2 multilayers with different a-Si:H sublayer thickness were fabricated by layer-by-layer deposition and in situ plasma oxidation in a plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition system (PECVD). Optical induced blue emission from the samples was observed by the naked eye at room temperature, which has never been reported in the luminescence study of Si/SiO2 multilayers up to now. Both the photoluminescence (PL) peak and the absorption edge show a blue shift as the a-Si:H sublayer thickness decreases. The origin of the blue emission and the effect of hydrogen are discussed.     

球形SiO2的制备研究

以硅酸钠为原料,乙酸乙酯为酸化剂,采用化学沉淀法制备了单分散球形SiO2颗粒。以粒径和球形度为考察对象,讨论了工艺因素对产品性能的影响,结果表明,最佳工艺条件为：反应温度40℃,硅酸钠浓度2％,搅拌速度400r／min,乙醇浓度7％,NaCl浓度1．0％。在此条件下制得的产物经TEM、XRD表征表明：SiO2颗粒基本为单分散、球形,平均粒径为120nm,且为无定形结构。     

二氧化硅@裸银纳米颗粒微球制备及其对大肠杆菌活性的影响

以SiO₂微球为载体, 利用其表面可自动吸附与还原银离子的能力, 制备新型二氧化硅@银纳米颗粒微球复合材料（SiO₂@Ag NPs）, 并用透射电镜、 Raman光谱、 X射线光电子能谱等对其进行表征, 测试其对大肠杆菌的抑菌性能. 结果表明: 当SiO₂@Ag NPs质量浓度为2.0 mg/mL时, 复合材料的抑菌率为99.8%； 当银纳米颗粒表面含有稳定剂聚乙烯吡咯烷酮时, 其抑菌率降低. 表明稳定剂可保护银纳米颗粒的单分散性, 但不利于其抑菌性的发挥.     

Photoluminescence and cathodoluminescence properties of a novel CaLaGa307：Dy3＋ phosphor

A single host white emitting phosphor, CaLaGa3O7:Dy3+, was synthesized by chemical co-precipitation. Field emission scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, laser particle size analysis, and photoluminescence and cathodoluminescence spectra were used to investigate the structural and optical properties of the phosphor. The phosphor particles were composed of microspheres with a slight tendency to agglomerate, and an average diameter was of about 1.0 μm. The Dy3+ ions acted as luminescent centers, and substituted La3+ ions in the single crystal lattice of CaLaGa3O7 where they were located in Cs sites. Under excitation with ultraviolet light and a low voltage electron beam, the CaLaGa3O7:Dy3+ phosphor exhibited the characteristic emission of Dy3+ (4F9/2-6H15/2 and 4F9/2-6H13/2 transitions) with intense yellow emission at about 573 nm. The chromaticity coordinates for the phosphor were in the white region. The relevant luminescence mechanisms of the phosphor are investigated. This phosphor may be applied in both field emission displays and white light-emitting diodes.     

反相微乳液法制备核壳型磁性SiO2微球及其表征

目的 以FeCl3和FeCl2为水相,以甲苯为油相,以正硅酸乙酯为硅源制备核壳结构的SiO2磁性微球.方法 采用反相微乳液法一步法制备出磁性微球,并利用透射电镜、场发射扫描电镜、X射线衍射仪、能谱仪和振动样品磁强计分别对微球的形貌、粒度分布、物相组成、化学成分和磁性能进行表征.结果 采用反向微乳液法制备的SiO2磁性微球显示出良好的核壳结构,粒径分布在100～200nm之间,主要物相是无定形的SiO2和立方尖晶石型的Fe3O4,并保持了Fe3O4磁性粒子的超顺磁性.结论 采用该方法制备的核壳型磁性SiO2微球性质稳定,是一种优异的生物磁性材料.     

二氧化硅@裸银纳米颗粒微球制备及其对大肠杆菌活性的影响

以SiO₂微球为载体, 利用其表面可自动吸附与还原银离子的能力, 制备新型二氧化硅@银纳米颗粒微球复合材料（SiO₂@Ag NPs）, 并用透射电镜、 Raman光谱、 X射线光电子能谱等对其进行表征, 测试其对大肠杆菌的抑菌性能. 结果表明: 当SiO₂@Ag NPs质量浓度为2.0 mg/mL时, 复合材料的抑菌率为99.8%; 当银纳米颗粒表面含有稳定剂聚乙烯吡咯烷酮时, 其抑菌率降低. 表明稳定剂可保护银纳米颗粒的单分散性, 但不利于其抑菌性的发挥.     

中空玻璃微球改性环氧树脂复合材料的性能研究

通过在环氧树脂E51基体中添加中空玻璃微球（Hollow glass microspheres,HGM）制备出低介电环氧树脂／HGM复合材料。通过扫描电子显微镜（Scanning Electron Microscope,SEM）分析HGM在环氧树脂中的分散情况并研究了HGM及不同含量HGM对环氧树脂复合材料的介电性能、热稳定性、力学强度及吸水率的影响。结果表明：HGM均匀地分散于环氧树脂中;复合材料的介电常数随着HGM含量的增加呈明显的下降趋势,当HGM为33．3％时,材料的介电常数降至了2．65;HGM对环氧树脂的热稳定性影响不大,初始热分解温度最大提高了10℃,玻璃化转变温度下降2-3 ℃;触变剂SiO2的加入有效减少了材料的力学强度的损失;在25℃下,复合材料的吸水率明显降低,但在100℃的沸水中,当HGM质量分数大于10％时,吸水率随着HGM添加量的增加而有所上升。     

表面活性剂对球形二氧化硅制备的影响

以正硅酸乙酯为硅源,氨水调节体系pH值,采用沉淀法制备二氧化硅微球。考察了聚乙二醇、曲拉通X-100、吐温-80等非离子表面活性剂对二氧化硅微球形貌的影响,通过扫描电子显微镜（SEM）和透射电子显微镜（TEM）以及X射线衍射对其进行表征。结果表明,表面活性剂的种类不同,加入量不同,可制备出粒径范围在80～600nm左右的光滑的二氧化硅微球。     

超临界法制备多孔纳米Fe3O4/SiO2复合磁性微球及性能

为了制备具有纳米多孔结构的磁性复合微球,采用正硅酸四乙酯(TEOS)和金属氯盐分别作为SiO2和铁氧体的前驱体,通过溶胶凝胶法制备将Fe3O4纳米颗粒分散于SiO2基体中的Fe3O4/SiO2磁性纳米复合微球,并用超临界干燥法对其进行干燥。利用X线衍射(XRD)、红外光谱(IR)、透射电镜(TEM)和振动试样磁场计(VSM)等分析测试手段对合成的材料进行性能表征。结果表明:复合粒子包覆完好、性能优良、分散性良好,制备颗粒的粒径为30 nm,比饱和磁化强度为84.09 A.m2/kg。     

反相微乳液法制备以CdSe量子点为核的SiO_2荧光纳米颗粒

以3-巯基丙酸为稳定剂,亚硒酸钠为硒源,合成高质量水溶性CdSe量子点。在pH值为11.0的碱性条件下,当n(Cd)∶n(Se)∶n(MPA)=1∶0.2∶1.1时,在9.0h内,可获得荧光发射峰在511⁵63nm范围内连续可调CdSe量子点,最高荧光量子产率值可达16.1%。采用反相微乳液技术,制备以CdSe量子点为核的SiO2荧光纳米颗粒。用荧光分光光度计,红外光谱仪,透射电镜等分析测试手段,对得到的荧光纳米颗粒的性能进行表征。结果表明:得到的SiO2纳米颗粒大小均匀,水溶性和光稳定性好。