退火温度和Si含量对无取向电工钢磁特性的影响

结合磁性能测试和微观组织观察,研究了Si含量和再结晶退火温度对无取向电工钢冷轧板磁性能的影响。结果表明,随着退火温度的升高,两组Si含量不同的无取向电工钢的晶粒尺寸增大,磁畴移动更容易,最大磁导率μ_(max)增加,铁损P_(1.5/50)随之降低,而磁导率μ_(1.5/50)则呈现先增加后降低的趋势,在800℃左右达到最大值。而当退火温度一定时,钢中Si含量越高,其铁损P_(1.5/50)、磁感应强度B_(5000)和磁导率μ_(1.5/50)越低,且仅当退火温度高于800℃时,含Si量高的无取向电工钢的最大磁导率μ_(max)更大。根据电机设计要求,可选择合适的无取向电工钢成分和退火工艺,以获得最优综合磁性能。     

攀钢电工钢突破三关批量挺进珠三角

从攀钢钢研院获悉，攀钢新近开发的冷轧无取向电工钢（50PW800L），现已突破三道技术难关，批量挺进家电行业最集中的珠江三角洲地区，以满足各种家用电器电机制造的需要。据业内人士介绍，攀钢已成为我国少数几家能够生产冷轧无取向电工钢的企业之一，并且是国内唯一一家采用普通冷轧线生产该产品的企业。     

加载频率对高牌号无取向电工钢疲劳性能的影响

以一种高牌号无取向电工钢30WGP1600为研究对象,通过高周疲劳试验探讨加载频率对电工钢疲劳性能的影响,采用透射电镜观察不同加载频率下疲劳变形后试样的位错结构,进而分析加载频率对电工钢疲劳特性的影响机理。结果表明,30WGP1600电工钢的疲劳性能对加载频率比较敏感,加载频率从10Hz增至50Hz时,其疲劳寿命和疲劳极限得到提高;在10Hz下疲劳变形后,电工钢的位错结构主要是位错缠结和胞状结构,并有窄的驻留滑移带,在50Hz下疲劳变形后,在晶体中可观察到长的螺型位错线和较宽的驻留滑移带,这些位错结构的特殊作用导致了在较高加载频率下电工钢疲劳性能的改善。     

无取向硅钢磷酸盐环保绝缘涂层制备工艺

系统研究了环保型无取向型电工钢板绝缘膜的电工性能.采用水、磷酸二氢铝、苯-丙乳液作为涂料的主要原材料,综合SEM、能谱、XRD、盐雾实验、硬度和附着性能的试验结果,得到制备电工钢绝缘涂料的最佳原料质量比为水:Al(H2PO4)3:苯-丙乳液=25:10:5.在该最佳配比条件下电工钢片的层间电阻基本保持在500(Ω.mm2)/片以上,附着性、耐蚀性能良好,表明磷酸盐环保涂料是一种优良的电工钢绝缘涂料.     

冲裁工艺对无取向电工钢叠片磁性能的影响

为研究冲裁工艺对电动机定子铁芯的磁性能影响,采用不同的冲头和冲裁间隙,对无取向电工钢圆片进行冲裁加工,研究在不同冲裁工艺参数下所冲出的电工钢圆环叠片磁性能优劣.通过纳米压痕测试表征了无取向电工钢冲裁边缘的残余应力分布,研究了无取向电工钢磁性能劣化与残余应力分布的关系.结果表明:对比3种不同冲头加工,平冲头冲裁后无取向电工钢叠片磁性能劣化程度最小,凹冲头次之,斜冲头最严重.当冲裁间隙为板厚的5%～20%时,随着冲裁间隙不断增大,无取向电工钢叠片磁性能劣化程度先减小后增大,存在最佳间隙.无取向电工钢叠片的磁性能劣化程度主要与冲裁边缘的残余应力峰值有关,残余应力峰值越大,无取向电工钢叠片磁性能劣化越严重.本研究可为工业无取向电工钢冲裁加工提供参数优化指导.     

对冷轧无取向电工钢生产现状的综述

本文综述了国内冷轧无取向电工钢的发展现状,分析了国内冷轧无取向电工钢生产中存在的主要问题和与国外水平的差距,并对今后的发展方向进行了展望。     

聚酰亚胺薄膜层叠体热处理过程中的结构演变

将双向拉伸PI薄膜,层叠后经800℃炭化所得样品在热压机中进行从2 500℃到2 800℃的高温石墨化处理制得了高定向石墨材料。借助SEM、XRD、四探针法等测试手段分析了PI薄膜层叠成型体在热处理过程中尺寸、传导性能、微观结构等的变化。结果表明石墨化处理后,样品径向增大,厚度减小;2 800℃处理后材料层间距接近单晶石墨的理论层间距,表现出了较高的石墨化程度,且具有高的取向性和传导性能,根据电阻率与热导率的相关公式推得其热导率为1 000 W/(m.K)～1600 W/(m.K).在整个热处理过程中,所生成的物质继承了原料分子的取向性。     

长三角地区气溶胶对辐射和降水影响的分析

为深入研究长三角地区气溶胶对辐射和降水的影响,本文分析了2004—2014年该区气溶胶光学厚度(aerosol optical depth,AOD)、辐射和降水的时空变化特征,在季节尺度确定了对辐射和降水影响最大的气溶胶成分.研究发现:2004—2008年,AOD在春、夏季明显上升(0.260·(10a)~(-1)、0.066·(10a)~(-1)),辐射在春季明显上升(20.4 W·m-2·(10a)~(-1)))、夏季明显下降(-41.4W·m-2·(10a)~(-1))),降水在夏季明显上升(4.6mm·(10a)~(-1))、冬季明显下降(~(-1).7mm·(10a)~(-1));2009—2014年秋季AOD明显下降(-0.126·(10a)~(-1)),辐射和降水无明显变化趋势.2004—2014年辐射在春、夏季受云量和气溶胶共同影响,2004—2008年秋、冬季辐射主要受AOD影响,2009—2014年秋、冬季辐射与云量相关性更高.各季节沙尘、海盐气溶胶的AOD小于总AOD的20%,但其对辐射和降水影响更大.春、夏季对辐射影响最大的气溶胶分别是细模态沙尘和细模态海盐;降水在春、夏、冬季均受沙尘气溶胶影响最大.     

水泥基气凝胶涂料防火性能试验研究

文章利用气凝胶板生产过程中的气凝胶废料配制水泥基防火涂料,通过试验研究该涂料的防火性能与气凝胶粉掺量的关系.研究表明,水泥基气凝胶涂料具有较好的防火性能,涂料的导热系数随着气凝胶掺量的增加而下降,涂料干容重从813 kg·m~(-3)降到527 kg·m~(-3)时,防火涂料的导热系数由0.227 W·m~(-1)·K~(-1)降至0.084 W·m~(-1)·K~(-1).涂料的防火性能随着气凝胶掺量的增加表现出先增强后减弱的特征,当涂料干容重从813 kg·m~(-3)降至583 kg·m~(-3)时,涂料的耐火极限时间由41 min增长至70 min,干容重进一步降低到527 kg·m~(-3),其耐火极限时间下降至50 min.     

薄板坯连铸连轧工艺下Hi-B钢的组织及织构

采用金相显微镜和扫描电镜研究实验室模拟薄板坯连铸连轧( TSCR)工艺试制的高磁感取向硅钢( Hi- B钢)组织、织构的演变特征. 研究发现实验室模拟薄板坯连铸连轧工艺试制的Hi-B钢热轧板显微组织及织构在厚度方向上存在不均匀性. 常化板表面脱碳层铁素体晶粒明显粗化,常化板织构基本继承了热轧板相应的织构类型,仅织构强度不同. 一次大压下率冷轧后,晶粒及其晶界沿轧向被拉长形成鲜明的纤维组织,织构主要为α纤维织构和γ纤维织构,脱碳退火后试样发生回复和再结晶现象并形成初次晶粒组织,脱碳退火后织构分布较为集中. 温度升高至1000℃时二次再结晶开始,1010℃时钢中晶粒发生异常长大,高斯织构强度达到61. 779. 成品磁感为1. 915 T,铁损为1. 067 W·kg-1 .     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.