XLPE电缆接头典型缺陷老化寿命评估研究

为评估具有典型接头缺陷的交联聚乙烯(XLPE)电缆的老化寿命,对10kV电缆制作了三种常见典型电缆接头缺陷模型,分别为划痕缺陷、气隙缺陷和爬电缺陷。首先采用常规法,基于老化过程中XLPE断裂伸长率的变化,结合Arrhenius方程推算出电缆特定条件下的老化寿命,然后将逐级耐压实验数据与该寿命结果比对,得到选用电缆的寿命指数,最后采用工程经验公式计算得到具有接头缺陷电缆的老化寿命,在电压10kV,温度85℃下三种缺陷类型的老化寿命依次为18.1年、23.2年和25.1年,同时对不同缺陷类型电缆产生的差异性实验结果进行了分析。     

直流电压下交联聚乙烯电缆绝缘中电树枝的生长特性研究

为了研究交联聚乙烯电缆绝缘材料中直流电树枝的生长速率、形态特征及通道特性,利用树枝化试验及显微观察系统,在针尖半径为5μm、针-板电极间距为2mm、周期性施加的间断直流电压下,对试样进行了分组试验。试验结果显示:电树枝由细单枝逐渐发展为稀疏丛状结构,树枝通道为非导电型;电树枝生长缓慢,生长速率不超过1.0μm/min;树枝长度主要取决于加压周期数及直流电压幅值,电压持续时间在高压下影响增大;针极意外接地情况下,电树枝将瞬间引发或快速生长。理论分析表明,电树枝生长规律可以由文中所建立的非导电树枝模型及等效电路进行合理解释,而空间电荷效应是产生直流接地树现象的根本原因。     

检测电缆附件局部放电内置传感器的特性分析

针对高压交联聚乙烯(cross-linked polyethylen,XLPE)电缆的结构及其附件内部易出现绝缘缺陷而导致放电的特点,基于电容耦合原理研制出用于电缆附件局部放电(partialdischarge,PD)信号检测的宽频带电容型内置传感器,通过建立传感器特性分析的电路模型,全面分析了影响传感器性能的各个因素,对其响应的频率特性进行了实测,并在实验室110 kV XLPE电缆PD试验平台上对电缆接头内部沿固体复合介质表面产生的放电进行试验研究。测试结果表明:研制的内置电容型传感器频率响应特性优异,能传感纳秒级暂态脉冲信号,其有效频带达500 MHz,可以用于XLPE电缆及附件PD超高频(Ultra-high frequency,UHF)信号的检测。     

电缆车削剥皮过程理论分析与仿真模拟

为解决人工剥离电缆外皮效率低、精度差的问题,通过材料力学分析和有限元方法对电缆车削剥皮过程进行了理论模型构建和仿真模拟分析,研究了电缆车削剥皮过程中的变形规律,为一种机械车削中间剥皮方式提供理论依据并验证可行性。对电缆结构特性进行分析,建立电缆几何模型。采用复合材料力学理论分析与均匀化方法,进行电缆力学模型建立及参数的求解。建立影响车削剥皮质量的中间剥皮车削加工力学模型,研究影响剥皮质量的电缆弯曲与扭转变形力学特性规律,并进行了电缆线径、长度、切削位置因素显著性分析。分析了电缆绝缘外皮XLPE切削加工特点、刀具几何参数与材料选择,求解出了XLPE的修正J-C本构模型,运用ABAQUS进行热力耦合切削数值模拟,研究了切削速度、切削深度与刀具角度对切削力、切削温度及切屑形态影响规律。结果表明:电缆线径对电缆弯曲和扭转变形均有较大影响,线径越大产生的变形越小。长度和切削位置对线缆弯曲变形影响较大,对扭转变形影响不明显。电缆XLPE外皮切削有限元模拟结果清晰直观,切削速度、切削深度和刀具前角对XLPE外皮切削形态和切割温度影响规律明显。     

交联聚乙烯电缆树枝发展过程及其防止

通过一些实验结论阐述了交联聚乙烯电缆绝缘电树枝老化的发展过程,探讨了预防交联聚乙烯电缆绝缘电树枝化的可能方法     

基于有限元法的XLPE电缆载流量计算及其影响因素分析

根据传热学和有限元基本原理,利用土壤区域划分法,建立了一种基于有限元法的XLPE电缆载流量计算模型,能够按照土壤热阻系数的不同对XLPE电缆周围土壤区域进行划分。根据XLPE电缆的结构参数和周围敷设区域的物性参数分析了XLPE电缆内部各层的温度分布情况,并提出了一种基于二分法来计算电缆载流量的方法。对比分析结果表明,相对于IEC60287中的热路法,该模型不仅计算结果准确,而且能更方便地考虑外界环境因素对电缆载流量的影响。通过实例仿真得出了不同影响因素对电缆载流量的影响规律,为优化电缆敷设方式提供了重要的理论依据。     

XLPE电缆绝缘残余寿命评估的初步研究

开展电缆残余寿命评估的研究具有巨大的意义,本文在简单回顾国外XLEP电缆残余寿命评估技术的基础上,初步研究了XLPE交联电缆的寿命评估问题。文中提出根据已有的电缆敷设状态和电缆绝缘参数进行数学分析和实验室综合试验相结合的XLPE电缆残余寿命评估技术方案,并搭建了评估软件框架,为研究XLPE绝缘寿命预测技术提供参考。     

配电电缆绝缘劣化的极化去极化电流特性仿真

为实现对6 kV交联聚乙烯(XLPE)电缆绝缘状态的可靠检测,基于德拜扩展模型建立了整体受潮、局部受潮、绝缘老化、含水树枝电缆的仿真模型,采用极化-去极化电流法(polarization-depolarization current,PDC)对电缆绝缘状态进行诊断,研究电缆在不同绝缘状态下PDC特性变化规律。结果表明:电缆受潮较严重时,电压电流呈现明显的非线性关系,绝缘电阻下降速率更快;水树枝程度越深,极化去极化电流初始值越大,电缆绝缘性能越差。     

Mason公式的导出及其在树枝放电研究中的应用

本文对沿用至今的计算针板电极系统最大场强的Mason公式进行了系统的推导,从电树枝引发试验的工程实用角度讨论了传统的Mason公式的应用,论证了此公式在电树枝放电实验研究中的实用性,提出针尖曲率半径的选择以5μm≤R≤30μm为宜.     

基于超声波的XLPE电力电缆局部放电测量与分析

为准确判断电缆附件内部的绝缘状态,避免电缆发生绝缘击穿,对交联聚乙烯(crosslinking polyethylene,XLPE)电力电缆局部放电进行研究。在实验室环境下对尖端放电、气隙放电和沿面放电3种XLPE电力电缆放电类型进行模拟,采用超声检测系统研究了XLPE电力电缆三种缺陷局部放电特性,分析不同缺陷放电超声信号的时域特征和相位谱图特征,研究了不同电压与最大放电幅值、平均放电幅值及放电次数之间的关系,得到典型放电谱图。结果表明:同一缺陷类型在相同条件下放电稳定,重复性好;不同缺陷类型的放电发展过程有所差别,所呈现出来的局部放电谱图、单个脉冲波形、PRPD谱图区别明显。     

Correlation between geometrical parameters of electrical tree and corresponding partial discharge parameters in XLPE

This paper deals with the experimental study on the correlation between the geometrical parameters of electrical tree and corresponding partial discharge (PD) characteristic parameters in the course of electrical tree aging within cross linked polyethylene (XLPE) insulation. The electrical tree aging tests were performed on specimens removed from a section of 220 kV transmission cable. The PD macroscopic characteristic parameters were found to be significantly dependent on the corresponding geometrical parameters of electrical tree channels in the course of aging of XLPE, and different kind of electrical tree has different characteristics, and there is obvious correlation between the type of electrical tree and the pre-applied power-frequency stress. Beside, using regression analysis, the expression of the relation between them were obtained, and from which it can be seen that there is significant nonlinear correlation between geometrical parameters of electrical tree and corresponding PD characteristic parameters in the course of aging of XLPE. Therefore, the aging degree of XLPE can be effectively evaluated by recognizing the changing regularity of the PD rnacroscopic characteristic parameters.     

DC Insulation Parameter Characteristics of XLPE in the Course of Its Aging

This paper deals with the experimental study on the correlation between insulation resistance (R) and direct current (DC) component (idc) and corresponding aging degree of insulation in the course of the aging within cross linked polyethylene (XLPE) insulation. The aging tests were performed on a section of 10 kV transmission XLPE cable by means of water needle method, and R was measured by dc voltage superimposed method. R and idc were found to be significantly dependent on the corresponding aging degree of insulation in the course of aging of XLPE, and different kind of aging stage has different characteristics. Beside, there are generally similar regularity but different amplitude in the course of aging of XLPE insulation in different electrolyte, and the various electrochemical tree were found on the surface of aging XLPE cable immersed in CuSO, solution. Therefore. according to the changing regularity of the DC characteristic parameters i.e. R and idc within XLPE insulation judging the aging degree of XLPE insulation will be an effective method.     

Partial Discharge Characteristics in the Course of Aging within XLPE Insulation

This paper deals with the experimental study on the correlation between partial discharge （PD） characteristic parameters and corresponding aging degree of insulation in the course of the aging within eros,s-linked polyethylene （XLPE） insulation. The aging tests were performed on a section of 10 kV transmission cable by means of water needle method. The PD macroscopic characteristic parameters were found to be significantly dependent on the corresponding aging degree of insulation in the course of aging of XLPE, and different kind of aging stage has different characteristics. Beside, there are similar regularity but different PD amplitude in the course of aging of XI.PE insulation in different electrolyte, and their insulation life is different. Therefore, according to the chan ging regularity of the PD macroscopic characteristic parame ters within XLPE insulation judging the aging degree of XLPE insulation will be an effective method.     

Gradient Changing Morphology Research of Cross-linked Polyethylene Thick Insulation of 110 kV Power Cable

The thick insulation layer of 110 kV XLPE power cables will result in the gradient changing morphology with the radius due to crosslinking process and cooling of the XLPE insulation. In this paper, the morphology of cross-linked polyethylene （XLPE） insulation of 110 kV cable and the uniforming effect of the heating process on it are researched by the differential scanning calorimetry （DSC） and X-ray diffraction （WAXD）. The middle layer morphology structures of insulation produced by normal technology are of better uniform, while the crystallinity of the inner and outer layer of the insulation is lower than that of the middle one. The melting enthalpy AHm of materials displays the difference of the crystal morphologies sensitively. The difference of crystallizing morphology in different layers of the high-voltage power cable insulation can be improved by heating process. But the uniforming of morphology of the insulation by heating process requires sufficient ttanperature and time. The effect of the on-line stress-relaxation equipment used widely by cable works now should be doubted. The test results of WAXD reveal that thermal stress changes the interplanar distances in the crystal region. So the radical stress in the insulation is tensile mainly.     

闭域空间中泄漏同轴电缆耦合损耗的研究

从泄漏同轴电缆的辐射理论出发，以屏蔽良好的室内空间为例分析了其中的辐射场，再根据耦合损耗的定义，利用接收功率和电缆传输功率得出了漏缆的耦合损耗，同时讨论了室内墙壁的材质对耦合损耗的影响，并通过仿真对结果进行了验证．该理论和结果可以扩展到其他场所，对于进一步研究闭域空间中的无线通信问题具有较强的参考价值．