改进点源法在火灾热辐射计算中的应用

为了对火灾热辐射进行较为准确的计算,借鉴CFD计算理论,对热辐射点源模型进行改进,根据火焰宽度、燃烧速率相同的原则,对火焰进行“离散”,对控制点的数量进行分析,并试验验证改进点源模型的精确性.结果表明:改进点源模型实现了火灾热辐射的快速计算且精度较高,当火焰高度上点源个数为71时,点源个数的增加对计算结果的改善不明显;...     

基于连续稀疏重构的宽频段欠定波达方向估计

针对宽频段欠定波达方向估计问题,提出一种基于连续稀疏重构的波达方向估计方法.首先利用方向波数对互质阵列接收数据进行降维处理,接着对协方差矩阵向量化提高自由度;然后利用方向波数的空间稀疏性建立连续稀疏模型,通过求解相应的凸优化问题及多项式求根得到方向波数的高精度估计;最后结合Capon波束方法的思想实现频率和方向波数的配对.该方法有效避免了传统稀疏重构算法中由于角度域离散化所导致的模型失配对估计性能的影响,提高了估计精度和分辨力,可估计信号个数要大于实际阵元数.理论分析与仿真验证了本方法的正确性与有效性.     

利用点源叠加合成有限尺度运动源的理论地震图

在点源格林函数解析解的基础上,根据动力学的独立性原理,把运动的有限尺度破裂源看做是多个动态的点源的叠加。文中的叠加包含有两重意思,一是震源大小的叠加,二是运动过程的叠加。利用这个想法给出了不同传播模式下有限源的面元划分方法和时间延迟的计算方法,并以Bouchon模型为例,验证了点源叠加方法的正确性和合理性。系统分析了在用点源叠加方法合成有限面源理论地震图中,单元划分的精细程度对合成理论地震图精度的影响。结果表明在保证一定合成理论地震图精度的前题下,因震源破裂传播速度、震源时间函数的频率特征及接收点位置等参数的不同,对面源离散的精细程度要求也不同。在强地面运动模拟计算和利用近场记录反演震源破裂过程等研究中,都需要将断层面离散成一系列子破裂单元,研究结果对离散过程中尺度的选定具有重要参考价值。     

基于通量分裂的一维溃坝洪水时空二阶精度格式研究

利用通量分裂方法和泰勒级数展开方法导出了圣维南方程组空间离散项的二阶精度格式,并采用Runge-Kutta方法计算时间离散项,使离散格式达到时空二阶精度。采用所建立的二阶精度格式对一维溃坝洪水进行数值模拟,从模拟结果可知,新格式具有自动捕捉激波的能力,数值解在间断波附近没有出现数值振荡,计算结果与理论解吻合很好,表明所建立的二阶精度格式能够很好地模拟溃坝波的演进过程。     

无线传感器网络的改进DV-hop定位算法研究

针对传统DV-hop定位算法在计算未知节点与锚节点之间的跳数以及跳距时误差较大的问题,提出一种跳数优化以及跳距加权的改进DV-hop算法.首先,该算法根据节点的通信半径将节点间的跳数进行优化,使得节点之间的跳数更加接近真实值;其次,综合考虑参与未知节点计算的锚节点的分布情况与距离,得出加权跳数;最后,利用改进的最小二乘法进行计算未知节点坐标.利用M A T L AB2016a对改进算法进行仿真,实验结果表明,该算法能够有效地降低误差,提高未知节点的定位精度.     

不同装置下点源球体的近似解与精确解对比

针对利用简单加倍的方法求解点源球体解析解的局限性,采用双球坐标系,通过镜像法求解点源下球体的精确解,将其与简单加倍求得的近似解进行对比,给出了简单加倍方法的适用条件,从而在实际中能够更准确地使用简单加倍的方法.研究结果表明:对于二极装置,当球心埋深h≤1.5r0时,利用简单加倍方法求得的近似解与精确解的误差已达到10％以上;对于中梯装置,当球心埋深h≤1.7r0时,二者的误差达到10％;二极装置的视电阻率曲线随着极距AM的增加会出现反向异常的现象,且极距越大,反向异常越明显.     

求解不确定性力/热奇异性问题的模糊比例边界元法

采用比例边界元方法与模糊算法相结合,提出新的求解不确定性奇异性问题的数值模型,对裂纹尖端应力及奇异性热流密度进行分析.对于奇异性问题,利用比例边界元方法,在空间离散中对边界进行离散,有效地求解奇异性问题.同时,利用模糊算法将不确定的参数处理为模糊数,利用区间转换方法计算,得到每个隶属度下的相应结果,避免了传统模糊方法所引起的过高估计.针对两种奇异性问题,分别探讨了不同收敛精度、不同时间步长、不同角度参数对所对应的不同隶属度下区间分析结果的影响.文中给出了相应的数值算例,并将分析结果与解析解以及Monte Carlo方法数值解进行对比.数值算例验证了模糊比例边界元方法具有较高的计算精度、计算效率及收敛性.     

管道内旋转声源频域声场的数值仿真

为准确计算管道内的旋转声源声场,研究基于改进的点源模型和边界元法的声场仿真方法。首先从时域上将旋转点声源离散为均匀分布在旋转轨迹上的有限的静止点声源,通过静止点声源的依次发声模拟旋转点声源的发声过程;将时域声源变换到频域,然后结合边界元方法即可计算得到管道内所有离散的静止点声源声场,该声场即为旋转点声源声场。验证基于改进点源模型计算旋转声源自由声场以及利用边界元方法计算管道内静止点声源声场的可信性,以泵喷推进器为对象,将泵喷叶片分块划分并等效为偶极源,计算分析导管内的叶轮声场。研究结果表明:以改进的点源模型和边界元法为基础的管道内旋转声源声场仿真方法是有效易行的;对导管内叶轮声场而言,入射声场与散射声场存在较大差异,导管对径向测点处叶轮声场影响较大,对轴向测点处叶轮声场的影响可以忽略。     

无穷维最优化问题的离散化求解

对无穷维最优化的求解进行研究.利用离散化方法将无穷维最优化问题化为有限维问题.基于离散化问题的原始、对偶解,证明存在一组解序列收敛于原来无穷维最优化问题的最优解.同时,得到无限多类型网络均衡问题收费的近似值.     

具有非线性发生率的离散SIQ模型的稳定性分析

研究了具有非线性发生率的离散SIQ模型的稳定性.通过非标准差分方法得到了离散的SIQ模型,利用迭代法得到了模型解的正性和有界性、基于定义的基本再生数、无病平衡点和地方病平衡点的唯一存在性;通过线性化方法和构造离散Lyapunov函数方法得到了无病平衡点的稳定性;利用数值例子说明了地方病平衡点的稳定性结果.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.