LIX84和LIX54混合萃取剂从氨性溶液中萃取锌的研究

以Zn2+-NH3-Cl--H2O氨性溶液为水相,考察LIX84和LIX54混合萃取剂相对含量、相比、被萃水相中锌离子浓度、总氨浓度和pH对锌萃取率的影响.借助计算软件GEM-Selektor从理论上分析被萃水相pH对锌萃取率的影响.研究结果表明:相比、被萃水相总氨浓度和pH是影响锌萃取率的主要因素;被萃水相是总氨浓度为3 mol/L、锌离子质量浓度为3 g/L的氨性溶液,当NH3与NH4CI的物质的量比n(Nn3):n(NH4Cl)为3、相比为1:1时,于40℃振荡30min,单次锌萃取率可达76.42%.     

改性凹凸棒土制备4A分子筛及其吸附严寒村镇高氨氮水源水性能

以江苏盱眙凹凸棒原土为原料,采用静水沉降-离心分离法对其提纯,探索提纯土中降低铁含量、提供最大硅源的改性方式,采用碱溶-水热晶化工艺,调整n(Na_2O)∶n(SiO_2)∶n(Al_2O_3)∶n(H_2O)的配比、晶化温度、晶化时间的因素参数,以X-ray diffraction(XRD)表征、结晶度、产出率与NH+4离子交换容量为指标分析4A分子筛的制备条件;考察其吸附NH+4性能.结果表明,PA基于3mol/L HCl酸浸除铁-800℃煅烧活化-5mol/L Na OH碱溶处理,滤液添加铝源后水热晶化可合成高结晶度-产出率的4A分子筛ACAPA-4AMS,当n(Na_2O)∶n(SiO_2)=2.1,n(H_2O)∶n(Na_2O)=60,n(SiO_2)∶n(Al_2O_3)=1.5,在90℃晶化8h时,NH+4交换容量最高,为159mmol/100g,符合工业标准.5℃ACAPA-4AMS饱和吸附量68.04mg/g,吸附符合Freundlich方程且为吸热过程,但温度对低浓度(5mg/L)NH+4-N的去除率影响不大.该研究为凹凸棒土在严寒村镇高氨氮水源水的应用提供理论基础.     

云南汤丹某氧化铜尾矿的浸出研究

以云南汤丹某高碱性低品位氧化铜浸出尾矿为研究对象,采用NH3·H2O-(NH4)2CO3和NH3·H2O-NH4Cl缓冲液添加氧化剂浸出,考察浸出时间、反应温度、液固比、总氨浓度及c(NH4+)/c(NH3)、氧化剂用量、氧化剂添加顺序、氧化时间等因素对铜浸出率的影响,得到该尾矿的最佳浸出条件。研究结果表明:添加H2O2(11.2 mmol/L)能充分氧化次生硫化铜矿,而对原生硫化铜矿的作用有限;在NH3·H2O-(NH4)2CO3中,当液固比为10:1,温度为40℃,加入H2O2的用量为0.3 mL/g,反应2 h,然后,添加NH3·H2O及(NH4)2CO3,c(NH4+)=3.2 mol/L,c(NH3)=0.8 mol/L,继续反应4 h,铜浸出率达69.3%;在NH3·H2O-NH4Cl中,当液固比为10:1,温度为50℃,加入H2O2的用量为0.20 mL/g,反应2 h,然后,添加NH3·H2O及NH4Cl,c(NH4+)=2.25 mol/L,c(NH3)=0.75 mol/L,继续反应6 h,铜的浸出率达70.6%。     

缓蚀剂IMC-5、NH4F对锅炉化学清洗缓蚀效果的研究

采用HCl-IMC-NH4F体系，在不同的温度条件下，对模拟锅炉进行化学清洗．当HCl浓度为5％，IMC-5浓度为0．3％，NH4F浓度为3g/L，温度为80℃时，清洗5h，缓蚀效率可达99％以上。     

顶空-气相色谱法测定水产品中一氧化碳

建立了顶空-气相色谱法测定水产品中一氧化碳的分析方法.本研究对色谱条件、平衡温度、平衡时间及加压时间4个参数进行了试验和条件优化,在优化确定的分析条件下对水产品中一氧化碳进行测定.结果显示,在0.5～5.0μL/mL范围内,一氧化碳浓度和色谱峰面积呈良好的线性关系,相关系数为0.999 2,方法检出限为10 μg/kg(S/N=3),定量限为50 μg/kg(S/N=10).平均回收率为88.0％～ 103.6％,相对标准偏差(RSD)为0.37％～2.87％(n=6).所建立的分析方法快速、简便,适合水产品中一氧化碳的检测分析.     

春季渤海湾营养盐分布及潜在性富营养化评价

根据2011年5月对渤海湾海域20个站位海水营养盐的调查结果,分析该海区海水营养盐的分布特征,并进行了潜在性富营养化评价.研究发现,调查海域NO-3-N质量浓度为150.5～276.3,μg/L,NO-2-N质量浓度为4.072～29.490,μg/L,NH+4-N、PO34--P和SiO23--Si质量浓度分别为47.55～194.80,μg/L、4.73～26.35,μg/L和170.2～544.1,μg/L.整体上,各类无机氮呈现出表底层差异不大、沿岸浓度高、外海浓度低的特点;断面分布呈现出由东向西逐渐升高的趋势,SiO23--Si相反,NO-3-N、NH+4-N和SiO23--Si质量浓度呈现出由北向南逐渐升高的趋势,而NO-2-N、PO34--P质量浓度出现北高南低的情形.渤海湾连续站显示出一定的营养盐浓度随潮汐的韵律变化,其中NO-3-N、NO-2-N和NH+4-N质量浓度变化相对较明显,低潮较高潮期间营养盐浓度高.营养盐与盐度的相关性不很显著.NO-3-N是溶解无机氮(DIN)的主要组成形式,占平均DIN含量的69.56%;该海区主要以磷限制为主,并已经逐渐从P限制向P、Si共同限制方向发展,这与潜在性富营养化评价结果一致.     

短程硝化反应器的快速启动与运行特性

为了探讨快速启动和运行特性,以硝化污泥接种序批式反应器,在纯自养条件下利用短程硝化处理高NH4 -N废水。实验结果表明,控制溶解氧(d isso led oxygen,DO)浓度为0.5 m g/L、游离氨浓度11.8~49.1 m g/L时,反应器的启动在第13 d完成。在曝气量为800 mL/m in时,利用pH与DO的变化趋势来判断氨氧化进程,控制每周期曝气时间为6.0 h,反应器稳定运行了101个周期。NH4 -N平均去除率为82.6%,NH4 -N去除负荷最大为0.97 kg/(m3.d),NO2--N平均累积率达97.2%,NO3--N浓度小于10 m g/L。在反应器中利用纯自养微生物可以长期稳定地实现短程硝化反应。     

真养产碱杆菌H16合成聚-β-羟基丁酸酯的培养基优化

对真养产碱杆菌(Ralstonia eutropha)H16累积聚-β-羟基丁酸酯(PHB)的发酵培养基组成进行了优化.在单因素实验的基础上,采用Plackett-Burman设计确定了碳源浓度和碳氮质量比两个显著影响真养产碱杆菌生长和累积PHB的因素.通过响应面设计法获得最优发酵培养基组成为:葡萄糖28.8 g/L,酵母粉0.2 g/L,碳氮质量比5,KH2PO4 1.0 g/L,Na2HPO4 0.3 g/L,MgSO4 1.0 g/L,CaCl2 0.1 g/L,ZnSO4 0.65 mg/L,FeSO4 0.1 mg/L,(NH4)6Mo7O240.3 mg/L,H3BO30.3 mg/L,pH 7.0.在此最优发酵条件下,细胞干质量浓度达到16.1 g/L,PHB的质量浓度达到7.9 g/L,糖对细胞的转化率为64%,对PHB的转化率为32%.     

5-苄基-4-叔丁基-2-苄亚氨基噻唑的合成及其对环氧合酶-2的抑制活性

5-苄基-4-叔丁基-2-氨基噻唑与芳香醛缩合制备了11 种5-苄基-4-叔丁基-2-苄亚氨基噻唑.结构经1H NMR和元素分析确证, 并用单晶 X-射线衍射测定了化合物Ⅰc的晶体结构.化合物Ⅰc晶体属单斜晶系, 空间群为 P21/n,晶胞参数为:a= 1.437 53(11) nm,b= 0.986 65(8) nm,c=1.465 65(12) nm,β=114.256 0(10)°;Z＝4,V＝1.895 3(3) nm3, Dc＝1.349 g/cm3, F(000)＝808, R1＝0.050 7, wR2＝0.116 3,S＝1.03.体外筛选结果表明,化合物Ⅰb, Ⅰk 在10 μmol/L 浓度下对COX-2的抑制率超过50%.     

铜氨制药废水除铜脱氨预处理

研究了氟洛芬有机制药铜氨废水的除铜除氨预处理工艺.采用铁屑置换法对含铜废水进行除铜,除铜工艺的最优条件为,调节含铜废水的pH=2～3,投加3倍理论用量的铁屑,搅拌反应,反应时间为1.5 h,在反应过程中需保持反应液pH低于4,防止Fe3 大量生成重新溶解释出的铜.反应后铜浓度由712 mg/L降至9.2 mg/L,去除率为98.7%.为去除引入的铁盐,调节废水pH=5,鼓风曝气后,投加阴离子PAM,投加量为1 mg/L,混凝20 min后废水铁含量低于14mg/L.采用磷酸铵镁沉淀法对除铜后的混合废水进行除氨,除氨工艺的最优条件为,调节废水pH=9.0,MgCl2·6H2O和Na2HPO4·12H2O投加量为Mg2 :NH4 ·PO43-(摩尔比)=1:1:1,搅拌反应,反应时间20 min,反应后NH3-N浓度由991.5 mg/L降至101 mg/L,去除率为89.8%,剩余磷为6.1 mg/L.铁屑置换法与磷酸铵镁沉淀法的组合能有效去除铜氨,预处理后,废水BOD5/CODcr由0.07上升至0.34,可生化性有了很大提高,可以进入后续生物处理工艺.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Jane Eyre——A Feminist In The 19th Century

In the 19th century the society was controlled by men, and women were just appendants of them, they had not any rights and freedom. But Jane was an exception, she showed some characteristics of early feminist. Jane showed her characteristics of feminism in three aspects: rebellion, equality, and independence. These characteristics were helpful to her success, and feminism is the only way out for women of that time.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-