嵌岩灌注桩在软岩中的承载性状测试与分析

嵌岩灌注桩是当前较为常用的基础形式，但在软质岩层中嵌岩桩的承载性状的理论分析、试验和测试研究还不能适应工程的需要。通过对某工程在泥质粉砂岩层上所做的单桩静载试验，测试了桩周侧阻力及端承力，对嵌岩灌注桩在软岩中的承载性状进行分析。     

深嵌岩型嵌岩桩竖向承载机理分析

嵌岩桩具有承载力高、沉降小、抗震性能好等特点,近年来在岩土工程中得到了广泛的应用。长期以来,对于嵌岩桩普遍认为是以端承桩为主。本文结合两个工程实例,对三根具有较大嵌岩深度的嵌岩桩进行竖向承载机理分析。通过比较发现,在软岩地区嵌岩桩的嵌岩段侧摩阻力可以提供很大一部分承载力,体现出摩擦桩的特性。应该根据本地区的特点,对嵌岩桩的嵌岩深度进行设计。     

反射波法解决嵌岩桩入岩深度和桩底沉渣问题应用探讨

从理论到实践,对嵌岩桩的反射波形特征进行了分析,对嵌岩桩的桩底沉渣和桩底岩性定性判断作出合理解释,尤其对嵌岩桩的入岩深度定量化提出有益的探讨。     

嵌岩桩桩端岩层与桩周土的刚度比对荷载传递影响的有限元分析

本章运用ABAQUS有限元软件,在弹塑性有限元理论的基础上对嵌岩桩的桩端岩层与桩周土的刚度比对荷载传递影响进行了分析。     

传递函数法计算嵌岩桩承能力

从研究嵌岩桩的荷载传递性能开发，由实测资料分析得出桩的荷载传递函数，再用位移协调法对８根试桩进行计算，结果与试桩资料吻合，并研究了嵌岩深度、桩的长径比以及沉渣查对单桩承载力的影响。     

传递函数法计算嵌岩桩承载力

从研究嵌岩桩的荷载传递性能开始，由实测资料分析得出桩的荷载传递函数，再用位移协调法对８根试桩进行计算，结果与试桩资料吻合．并研究了嵌岩深度、桩的长径比以及沉渣厚度对单桩承载力的影响     

软岩嵌岩长桩嵌土段工作机理研究

通过系统的数值模拟,对软岩嵌岩长桩嵌土段的工作机理进行了分析,认为嵌岩使得桩周土体中附加应力分布集中;同时,相对于具体工程条件,桩的嵌岩深度存在一最优值.     

地震作用下大直径嵌岩单桩动力响应数值分析

以大直径嵌岩单桩为研究对象，对地震荷载作用时桩、土、岩的变形规律及桩基刚度进行分析，在有限元-无限元耦合数值模拟中引入土体非线性黏弹性本构模型与岩体损伤本构模型来描述桩周土、岩介质刚度随应变衰减的特性。数值模拟结果表明，大直径嵌岩单桩位移、加速度等动力响应，土体非线性滞回特性以及岩石损伤程度等显著受到桩基嵌岩深度、岩石风化程度和地震烈度等因素的影响，在设计时应深入分析。     

岩溶地区嵌岩桩稳定性影响因素的敏感性研究

采用ABAQUS有限元软件对嵌岩桩进行数值模拟计算.通过逐一改变溶洞高度、溶洞的跨度、溶洞的顶板厚度、桩端嵌入深度、桩径等,得出桩体最大位移和溶洞顶板受力情况,研究各因素对溶洞顶板稳定性的影响.结果显示:溶洞极限承载力对溶洞的顶板跨度、顶板厚度、岩体的完整性比较敏感;对于桩体的直径和嵌岩深度有一定的影响,但是不是太明显;对于溶洞的高度不敏感.     

人工挖孔嵌岩桩在软质岩石中的应用

通过几个工程的实测结果，对以软质岩石为持力层的人工挖孔嵌岩桩的承载力的计算，嵌岩深度的确定等几个问题进行了论述，提出了几点认识，供同行参考。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Jane Eyre——A Feminist In The 19th Century

In the 19th century the society was controlled by men, and women were just appendants of them, they had not any rights and freedom. But Jane was an exception, she showed some characteristics of early feminist. Jane showed her characteristics of feminism in three aspects: rebellion, equality, and independence. These characteristics were helpful to her success, and feminism is the only way out for women of that time.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-